{"title":"A novel fabrication and wafer level hermetic sealing method for SOI-MEMS devices using SOI cap wafers","authors":"M. M. Torunbalci, S. E. Alper, T. Akin","doi":"10.1109/MEMSYS.2015.7050976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEMSYS.2015.7050976","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel and inherently simple all-silicon fabrication and hermetic packaging method developed for SOI-MEMS devices, enabling lead transfer using vertical feedthroughs formed on an SOI cap wafer. The processes of the SOI cap wafer and the SOI-MEMS wafer require a total of five inherently-simple mask steps, providing a combined process and packaging yield as high as 95%. The hermetic encapsulation is achieved by Au-Si eutectic bonding at 400°C. The package pressure is measured as 1 Torr without any getter activation, and the package is proved to remain hermetic even after various temperature cycling tests. The shear strength of the fabricated chips is measured to be above 15 MPa, indicating a mechanically strong bonding.","PeriodicalId":337894,"journal":{"name":"2015 28th IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129751968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Room temperature synthesis of silicon dioxide thin films for MEMS and silicon surface texturing","authors":"A. Ashok, P. Pal","doi":"10.1109/MEMSYS.2015.7050970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEMSYS.2015.7050970","url":null,"abstract":"In the present work, the room temperature deposited silicon dioxide thin films are explored for the fabrication of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) components and the surface texturing for crystalline silicon solar cell applications. The etch rates of as-grown oxide films are investigated in different concentration tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) solutions at different temperatures. In 25 wt% TAMH, the as-grown oxide is demonstrated as structural and masking layers for the fabrication of various kinds of MEMS components. Furthermore, the as-grown oxide is exploited as etch mask in KOH to texturize silicon wafer surface without using lithography.","PeriodicalId":337894,"journal":{"name":"2015 28th IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS)","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114442292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Yang, Zenghui Wang, Peng Wang, R. Lujan, T. Ng, P. Feng
{"title":"Two-dimensional MoS2 nanomechanical resonators freelysuspended on microtrenches on flexible substrate","authors":"R. Yang, Zenghui Wang, Peng Wang, R. Lujan, T. Ng, P. Feng","doi":"10.1109/MEMSYS.2015.7051099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEMSYS.2015.7051099","url":null,"abstract":"This digest paper reports on the first high-frequency nanomechanical resonators based on molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) crystalline flakes freely-suspended on microtrenches (~13μm wide and 14μm deep) fabricated on flexible substrate, with bendability and stretchability. Through investigations of the device resonances via optical excitation and detection by ultrasensitive laser interferometry, we first observe multimode resonances up to ~50MHz with the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate under different bending and stretching conditions. The device resonance frequencies (fres) first increase and then stabilize while quality (Q) factors are enhanced with PDMS trench widening of up to 161% in the region away from the MoS2 flake and 61% at the MoS2 flake edge, without breaking the device. This platform could facilitate investigations of the strain limits in devices, strain-induced bandgap tuning in two-dimensional (2D) crystals, and strain-engineered performance enhancement (e.g., fres, Q, and mobility) in 2D resonators. Furthermore, it is well suited for exploring new 2D flexible and wearable electronic components such as strain gauges and resonant transducers.","PeriodicalId":337894,"journal":{"name":"2015 28th IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132120213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Droplet flow focusing for molecular binding detection","authors":"Sunggu Kim, Junghoon Lee","doi":"10.1109/MEMSYS.2015.7050929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEMSYS.2015.7050929","url":null,"abstract":"We report the detection of interfacial molecular binding via droplet generation in a flow focusing device. DNA hybridization at the phospholipid causes interfacial tension shift at the oil-water boundary which changes the mode of droplet production in the device. Droplet size decreased ~30% due to a complementary binding compared with non-complementary and control cases. Our report includes a molecular protocol to functionalize the interface with single-strand (ss) DNA as receptor and flow condition tuning for an unambiguous distinction of complementary binding.","PeriodicalId":337894,"journal":{"name":"2015 28th IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134348334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Brenna, P. Minotti, A. Bonfanti, G. Laghi, G. Langfelder, A. Longoni, A. Lacaita
{"title":"A low-noise sub-500µW lorentz force based integrated magnetic field sensing system","authors":"S. Brenna, P. Minotti, A. Bonfanti, G. Laghi, G. Langfelder, A. Longoni, A. Lacaita","doi":"10.1109/MEMSYS.2015.7051113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEMSYS.2015.7051113","url":null,"abstract":"This paper shows, for the first time, a complete magnetic field sensing system including a Lorentz-force sensor operating out of resonance coupled to an integrated circuit for sensing and actuating the device. Working out of resonance, the trade-off between maximum sensing bandwidth and minimum detectable magnetic field is overwhelmed, improving the resolution and enlarging the bandwidth. However, the reduction of signal amplitude makes the readout electronics a critical block. Measurements carried-out on the whole system show an achievable resolution of 180 nT·mA/√Hz over a 150-Hz bandwidth and an overall power consumption of 460 μW. The integrated readout circuit low-noise performance does not limit the resolution, which is set by the MEMS thermomechanical noise.","PeriodicalId":337894,"journal":{"name":"2015 28th IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134565644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microfluidic switching devices showing controllable hysteresis","authors":"Salvador Ortiz, J. Lell","doi":"10.1109/MEMSYS.2015.7051009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEMSYS.2015.7051009","url":null,"abstract":"We present a microfluidic MEMS device that is capable of switching among different states, thus behaving as an effective flip-flop. The devices consist of linear microfabricated deLaval nozzles with three exit channels, and we analyze the response as a function of input and output pressures, feed gas, and dimensions. In all cases, we have seen the appearance of a vortex, whose direction of swirl changes sign according the input pressure, and showing hysteresis. This type of response can be used to realize history-aware fluidic devices.","PeriodicalId":337894,"journal":{"name":"2015 28th IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122063263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Takanobu Kogure, Ryoya Okada, S. Maeda, S. Nagasawa
{"title":"Displacement magnification of gel actuator using pNIPAAm-SU8 hybrid structure","authors":"Takanobu Kogure, Ryoya Okada, S. Maeda, S. Nagasawa","doi":"10.1109/MEMSYS.2015.7051151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEMSYS.2015.7051151","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a fabrication method for a hybrid structure of the poly-N-Isopropylacrylamide (pNIPAAm) gel as a soft material and the SU-8 as a solid material is proposed. This pNIPAAm-SU8 hybrid structure can be applied to various applications such as gel actuators. These hybrid structures have a serious problem that it is easily broken by the difference of swelling rate. Our proposed hybrid structure was not broken though repeating swelling-shrinking states for 10 or more times. A small displacement of the gel is occurred by the phase transition, then it is magnified by combining with the SU-8 solid structure. We demonstrated that the expanded tip displacement of the SU-8 solid structure reached 145μm.","PeriodicalId":337894,"journal":{"name":"2015 28th IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS)","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123584178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mass-fabrication compatible mechanism for converting in-plane to out-of-plane motion","authors":"Inbar Hotzen, O. Ternyak, S. Shmulevich, D. Elata","doi":"10.1109/MEMSYS.2015.7051104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEMSYS.2015.7051104","url":null,"abstract":"We present a mechanism that converts in-plane to out-of-plane motion, which is fully compatible with standard mass-fabrication methods. The mechanism harnesses the well-established in-plane actuation achieved by comb-drives, and converts it to out-of-plane motion. The motion conversion ratio is constant (i.e. linear conversion), and it can be easily tuned by adding or subtracting modular elements, in an otherwise unchanged design planform. We experimentally demonstrate the linearity of the mechanism, and use dedicated test devices to show the tunability of the conversion ratio. With a different test device, we demonstrate parallel out-of-plane motion of a flat stage. The measurements of this device show good agreement with model predictions.","PeriodicalId":337894,"journal":{"name":"2015 28th IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126139586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lung-Yuan Chung, Hsien-Hua Shen, Yu-Hsiang Chung, Chihchen Chen, Chia-Hsien Hsu, Hong-Yuan Huang, D. Yao
{"title":"In vitro dynamic fertilization by using EWOD device","authors":"Lung-Yuan Chung, Hsien-Hua Shen, Yu-Hsiang Chung, Chihchen Chen, Chia-Hsien Hsu, Hong-Yuan Huang, D. Yao","doi":"10.1109/MEMSYS.2015.7051006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEMSYS.2015.7051006","url":null,"abstract":"This research demonstrates the in vitro fertilization (IVF) technique by using the digital microfluidic (DMF) system. The DMF device has been proved with biocompatibility and used in this research for mouse gametes in vitro fertilization and embryos culture based on the dispersed droplet form. Dynamically moving, cell culture and observation can be achieved by the time-lapse microscopy in an incubator. The fertilization rate of IVF on DMF is 34.8%, and about 25% inseminated embryos dynamically cultured on DMF chip could develop into 8-cell stage. The result indicated that the DMF system has the potential used for assisted reproductive technology.","PeriodicalId":337894,"journal":{"name":"2015 28th IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124051710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Park, Young Rang Lee, Sung Jin Hong, Kang Yong Lee, S. Chung
{"title":"On-chip enucleation using an untethered microrobot incorporated with an acoustically oscillating bubble","authors":"I. Park, Young Rang Lee, Sung Jin Hong, Kang Yong Lee, S. Chung","doi":"10.1109/MEMSYS.2015.7051145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEMSYS.2015.7051145","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel on-chip enucleation method using a magnetically driven microrobot incorporated with an acoustically excited bubble. The proposed microrobot mainly consists of a compressible bubble for the manipulation of a cell and twin neodymium magnets for the motion control of the microrobot in an aqueous medium. First, the two-dimensional (2D) motion control of the microrobot - horizontal, vertical, and rotational motions - is demonstrated by using an external magnetic controller attached beneath the bottom of a chip owing to the interaction forces induced by twin magnets installed inside both the microrobot and controller. Second, the enucleation of a cell is separately investigated using an acoustically oscillating bubble. When a bubble is acoustically excited at its natural frequency, it oscillates and simultaneously generates cavitational microstreaming and radiation forces around it. The flow pattern and strength of the microstreaming in different frequencies and voltages are studied using a microscopic PIV system. The flow strength is proportional to the voltage and strongly dependent on the frequency and maximum at its natural frequency. To investigate the effects of the microstreaming on the inside of a cell through a narrow slit, particle extraction test is conducted using a small PDMS cylinder chamber. It shows that most of the particles initially filled in the chamber are extracted by an acoustically excited bubble and the chamber becomes empty within 160 seconds. Finally, as proof of concept, the embryo extraction from a fish egg (1.7 mm diameter) dyed by methylene blue is successfully achieved using the proposed microrobot. This on-chip enucleation technique may improve the efficiency of enucleation processes with minimizing the contact damage between a cell and a micromanipulation tool.","PeriodicalId":337894,"journal":{"name":"2015 28th IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS)","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126271543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}