Scientific Issue Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: Biology最新文献

{"title":"МОРФОЛОГІЧНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ЛИНА (TINCA TINCA L) СУМСЬКОЇ ТА ЧЕРНІГІВСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТЕЙ","authors":"M. B. Khalturin, P. G. Shevchenko, V. V. Sondak, A. A. Klymkovetskyi","doi":"10.25128/2078-2357.22.4.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25128/2078-2357.22.4.7","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the work was to conduct a morphobiological analysis of tench from two reservoirs of the Sumy (2011) and Chernihiv (2012) regions, which, according to certain characteristics, are similar. \u0000It can be argued that out of 24 signs belonging to the body, 14 signs and 7 signs on the head differ the most. Features that differ the most in terms of body parameters: body length, which is greater in the Sumy tench than in Chernihiv, antianal distance, pectroventral and ventroanal distance, length of the base of the fins – dorsal, pectoral, abdominal and caudal. In turn, tench from the reservoirs of Chernihiv region prevailed over tench from Sumy region according to such indicators as the length of the tail stalk, the height of the dorsal fin and the length of the base of the anal fin, and the length of the head. In relation to the head, the tench from Sumy region prevails over Chernihiv region in terms of: snout length, extraocular distance, forehead width, head height, height of the head near the back of the head, and, conversely, the tench from Chernihiv region prevails over the tench from Sumy region only in terms of eye diameter. \u0000Tench from the reservoir of the Sumy region has a longer body length, displaced dorsal and anal fins to the tail stem, enlarged pectoral, abdominal and tail fins, which indicates a more mobile lifestyle. The head, although smaller, is more adapted for finding food. The tench from the Chernihiv region has a more elongated tail stem, the height of the dorsal and anal fins, which indicates that it is more settled and moves around the pond seasonally, the head is larger, but the diameter of the eye is also large, which indicates that the tench is on greater depth than the tench from the reservoir of the Sumy region.","PeriodicalId":336963,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Issue Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130016131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"СИСТЕМАТИЧНЕ ПОЛОЖЕННЯ ТА НАСІННЄВА ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЬ ADONIS VERNALIS L.","authors":"M. I. Parubok, I. B. Leontiuk, L. V. Rozborska","doi":"10.25128/2078-2357.22.4.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25128/2078-2357.22.4.9","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the taxonomy of the species and provides data on the seed productivity of the spring gorse flower and the replenishment of populations with new generations of individuals; determined favorable conditions for seed germination; summarized the results of the introduction of Adonis vernalis on the territory of the botanical nursery of the Uman National University of Horticulture. \u0000Seed propagation of Adonis vernalis was carried out in accordance with the methodical recommendations of T. O. Rabotnova and I. V. Vainagia. The works were carried out between the villages of Dmytrivka and Novopristan, Voznesensky District, Mykolaiv region, in 2019. 10 plots were selected using random sampling, the area of each of them was 1m². All fruits in this area were collected and the number of complete and defective seeds was counted. Indicators of potential and actual seed productivity were used to characterize seed reproduction. Seed yield per individual and per population was also determined. To establish field germination, Adonis vernalis seeds were sown to a depth of 1–2 cm on research plots at the Uman National University of Horticulture immediately after seed collection in nature. \u0000A comparison of our observations with factual data shows that the reproductive potential of Adonis vernalis in natural conditions is low, which is connected with the discrepancy between the ecological needs of seedlings and the ecological and coenotic conditions of local growth. \u0000In Ukraine, Adonis vernalis is noted for its high seed yield. The similarity of seeds in culture is much higher than in nature. Rainy weather in July-August is favorable for seed germination. Therefore, the low reproductive potential of Adonis vernalis is associated with the lack of moisture necessary for seed germination in the second half of summer. \u0000The successful experience of growing Adonis vernalis at the botanical nursery of the Uman National University of Horticulture shows that, in contrast to the plantation cultivation of the species, the modeling of introduction populations in artificially created steppe ecosystems is a promising direction for ex situ protection of the species. In this regard, it is advisable to sow and transplant the heather on the slopes of streams, river terraces and fallows. In the conditions of degradation of natural habitats and inefficiency of plantation cultivation, this will allow us to increase the resources of a valuable medicinal plant and contribute to its protection.","PeriodicalId":336963,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Issue Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: Biology","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124655872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ФЛОРИСТИЧНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА РЕКРЕАЦІЙНОЇ ЗОНИ ПОБЛИЗУ СЕЛА САБАРІВ НА ВІННИЧЧИНІ","authors":"S. D. Kryklyva, L. V. Kremenska, O. Shevchuk, O. Tkachuk, O. O. Khodanitska, O. A. Matviychuk, S. Polyvanyi, I. O. Stepanenko, A. S. Polyvana","doi":"10.25128/2078-2357.22.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25128/2078-2357.22.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"The urban factor affects not only the species composition of populations but also their absolute quantitative indicators. The purpose of the research was to carry out the floristic analysis of the characteristics of the meadow grouping of the recreation area, the structural analysis of the species composition of the phytocenosis, the identification of growth places of rare and medicinal plants, and the analysis of the development trends of this phytocenosis. \u0000The study of the floristic composition of the recreation area near the village of Sabariv in the Vinnytsia region was carried out by the expedition route method, as well as by using direct and indirect methods. The systematic belonging of plants was determined with the help of a designator. The abundance of species was determined according to the Gult-Drude scale (with the addition of A. A. Uranov and P. D. Yaroshenko). \u0000The article is a unique analysis of the species composition of plants in the recreation area near the village of Sabariv in the Vinnytsia region. 3 types of associations have been established: meadow slope, meadow lowland, and coastal. \u0000During floristic research throughout 2012–2020, a systematic analysis of the species composition was carried out: 39 species of plants belonging to 16 families were found in meadow slope associations, 37 species belonging to 17 families were found in lowland meadows, 25 species of plants belonging to 19 families were found in the coastal zone. The abundance of plants was calculated, and the participation of each species in the phytocenosis was determined. Medicine and rare plants were also discovered, in particular Pulsatilla grandis Wend., the place of growth of which has not been confirmed in recent years. \u0000The trends in the development of phytocenosis due to the increase in anthropogenic influence are described. In particular, a decrease in the participation of Campanula persicifolia L., Dianthus deltoides L. in meadow slope communities, and Alismaplantago-aquivatica L. in the coastal zone was revealed. \u0000Increasing anthropogenic load on this territory causes depletion of the species composition of natural flora. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically monitor the places of growth of rare and medicinal plant species, as well as to inform the population about the need for a careful attitude to natural resources in general and to raise awareness of the human impact on the environment.","PeriodicalId":336963,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Issue Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: Biology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128310096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ПОРІВНЯЛЬНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНОГО СТАНУ ОРГАНІЗМУ СТУДЕНТОК ПЕРШОГО РОКУ НАВЧАННЯ ІЗ РІЗНИМ ТИПОМ ГЕМОДИНАМІКИ","authors":"О. V. Hulka, N. M. Hrabyk, I. Hrubar","doi":"10.25128/2078-2357.22.4.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25128/2078-2357.22.4.8","url":null,"abstract":"Differences in the regulatory effects of cardiovascular mechanisms and heart rate variability in female students of the first year of study are considered in this article. A lot of changes occur in the social sphere and in the psychophysiological state of the students' bodies after admission to the higher educational school. Adaptive processes are multi-level and are accompanied by stress on body systems. The most striking functional changes in the body are manifested in changes in the state and functions of the cardiovascular system. The circulatory system is one of the first to be involved in the formation of adaptive reactions under the reflex-regulatory control of the ANS. Individuals with different types of blood circulation are characterized by different adaptation possibilities and different degrees of resistance to the action of extreme influences. The conditions of educational activity in the specialty at the university will be an extreme factor for students of the first year. \u0000In order to evaluate central hemodynamic parameters, height and body weight indicators, heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (BPs), diastolic blood pressure (BPd) were obtained at rest. Based on them, the following are calculated: pulse blood pressure (BP), systolic blood volume (SBV), minute blood volume (MBV), body surface area (S), cardiac index (CI). The regulatory effects of ANS were determined by heart rate indicators. Cardio intervals were registered and recorded for 5 minutes. Indicators of vegetative homeostasis were calculated according to the formulas of Baevsky R.M. \u0000According to CI indicators, the subject contingent was divided into groups according to the type of hemodynamics: eukinetic (n=70) and hyperkinetic (n=53). \u0000The obtained results showed the absence of significant differences in body weight and growth indicators between groups (p ≥ 0.05). \u0000The differences between groups were in indicators of central hemodynamics and heart rhythm. It was established that in students with a eukinetic type of central hemodynamics, adaptation to the conditions of a higher educational institution was ensured by optimal adaptive mechanisms - low HR, SBV, MBV and HVR. This indicates the economy in the work of the circulatory system and the predominance of parasympathetic regulation. In students with a hyperkinetic type high HR and SBV, MBV, HVR were recorded (p ≤ 0.05), which indicated an increase in the work of the circulatory system and the activity of the sympathetic branch of the ANS. \u0000These indicators in both groups were within the normal range, but in the group with the hyperkinetic type they approached the upper limit (p ≤ 0.05). This indicated an increase in the stress on the regulatory mechanisms in maintaining vegetative homeostasis and the stress on the body's functional reserves of students of this group.","PeriodicalId":336963,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Issue Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122537252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"«ЯК ВІЙНА ЗНИЩУЄ ЕКОЛОГІЮ УКРАЇНИ»","authors":"","doi":"10.25128/2078-2357.22.4.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25128/2078-2357.22.4.6","url":null,"abstract":"The article covers the events from the beginning of the large-scale invasion of Russian troops on the territory of Ukraine, including western regions. An assessment and proposals for the implementation of measures to mitigate the effects of pollution are given. As significant chemical pollution of atmospheric air, surface and groundwater, soils, protected areas is expected. It is also important after the war to take care of an effective system for monitoring the state of the environment, which would allow us to summarize the real scale of environmental damage caused. The most effective measures must be taken to avoid further deterioration and to restore ecosystems to a safe state for both humans and wildlife. According to the Geneva Convention, crimes against the environment are classified as war crimes and are classified as ecocide. The Ministry of the Environment, together with the OSCE, has prepared a draft framework law \"On Chemical Safety\". The development of such a document was included in the Action Program of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine and the Government's Priority Action Plan. That is why the study focuses simultaneously on both the assessment of the damage caused and the problems of prosecution for environmental damage. Above all, Ukraine must strengthen national legal mechanisms by adopting laws \"On compensation for damage caused to Ukraine by the aggression of the Russian Federation\" and \"About the criminal punishment of individuals for the crime of aggression, crimes against humanity and war crimes committed during Russia’s aggression against Ukraine\", and \"About the criminal punishment of individuals for the crime of aggression, crimes against humanity and war crimes committed during Russia's aggression against Ukraine.\" This technique should include the preparation of acts indicating the number and size of funnels, residues of ammunition parts and the level of environmental pollution, length of trenches, damage from fires, etc. It is advisable to make a map of the territories affected by hostilities. When determining the scale of environmental damage, it is necessary to take into account mine pollution as a source of pollution, as well as the amount of the cost of demining the territory. Certain recommendations aimed at improving the national policy in the field of environmental management and environmental protection in the context of armed conflict should be provided as well. These recommendations are to be addressed to the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources, the Ministry of Defense, the leadership of civil-military administrations.","PeriodicalId":336963,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Issue Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: Biology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131077386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ВМІСТ ВАЖКИХ МЕТАЛІВ ВЕГЕТАТИВНОЇ ЧАСТИНИ РУДЕРАЛЬНИХ РОСЛИН У ЗВ’ЯЗКУ З УМОВАМИ ЗРОСТАННЯ ЗАБРУДНЕННЯ","authors":"","doi":"10.25128/2078-2357.22.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25128/2078-2357.22.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"The study of the features of the accumulation of heavy metals in plants in the conditions of polluted territories is an important practical direction on the way to the optimization of nature use in order to improve the state of the environment. \u0000The content of heavy metals in the vegetative part of ruderal plants growing in the valley of the Zbruch River, in the zone of influence of the municipal landfill of Volochysk, Khmelnytskyi Region, was studied. A comparative analysis of the obtained data with the results of research on the content of heavy metals in plants from different types of natural ecosystems was carried out. \u0000The high content of metals in plants directly reflects the consequences of anthropogenic influence on the biotic component of the natural environment. Accumulation of chemical elements occurs in the area of reduced topography due to runoff of surface and ground water. \u0000It was found that the content of heavy metals in Achillea millefolium L. and Taraxacum officinale Wigg is higher than in plants from the compared natural ecosystems, and in Plantago major L. it is approximately the same. The identified features are promising for the use of these two types of plants as phytoremediators of the polluted environment.","PeriodicalId":336963,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Issue Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: Biology","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124021519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ПАМ’ЯТІ ВІДОМОГО УКРАЇНСЬКОГО ВЧЕНОГО - ЕКОЛОГА, ЗАСЛУЖЕНОГО ЛІСІВНИКА УКРАЇНИ, ПРОФЕСОРА, АКАДЕМІКА ЛІСІВНИЧОЇ АКАДЕМІЇ НАУК УКРАЇНИ ПАРПАНА ВАСИЛЯ ІВАНОВИЧА (06.01.1945 – 19.12.2022)","authors":"","doi":"10.25128/2078-2357.22.4.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25128/2078-2357.22.4.10","url":null,"abstract":"The article is a tribute to a prominent Ukrainian scientist, doctor of biological sciences, professor, honored forester of Ukraine, academician of the Forestry Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, full member of the Ukrainian Ecological Academy, Honorary Professor of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University (since 2017), Parpan Vasyl Ivanovych, who passed away on December 19, 2022. \u0000Vasyl Ivanovych was a forest scientist, well-known in Ukraine and abroad, an expert in the fields of ecology, soil science, forestry, ecology, phytocenology, geobotany, dendrology, population biology, recreation and nature management, protection and rational use of natural resources, an advocate of primeval forest mountain ecosystems of the Carpathians. \u0000A significant achievement of Professor Vasyl Ivanovych Parpan was the establishment of the Ukrainian P.S. Pasternak Research Institute of Mountain Forestry based on the Carpathian branch (Ivano-Frankivsk) of the Ukrainian H. M. Vysotskyi Research Institute of Forestry and Agroforestry (UkrNDILGA, Kharkiv). \u0000The scientific output of Professor Vasyl Ivanovych Parpan consists of more than 300 scientific works, including monographs and articles in domestic and foreign journals, teaching aids, popular scientific publications, materials and abstracts of reports at international congresses, all-Ukrainian scientific and practical conferences.","PeriodicalId":336963,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Issue Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: Biology","volume":"274 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130001436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ВІТАЛІТЕТНА СТРУКТУРА ПОПУЛЯЦІЙ CENTAURIUM ERYTHRAEA RAFN. В УМОВАХ РЕГІОНАЛЬНОГО ЛАНДШАФТНОГО ПАРКУ «СЕЙМСЬКИЙ»","authors":"","doi":"10.25128/2078-2357.22.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25128/2078-2357.22.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"Population studies cover many areas in order to assess the state of populations. Vitality analysis is one of the most promising and widely recognized. It is aimed at assessing the viability of plant individuals based on morphogenetic characteristics, followed by establishing the ratio in the population of the number of individuals of different viability. Vitality analysis is based on the idea that the processes of production and growth, and morphological structure of an individual, revealed in quantitative parameters, give a generalized assessment of its vital state. The aim of the work was to conduct a population vitality analysis of six populations of Centaurium erythraea Rafn. different habitats in the conditions of the regional landscape park «Seimskyi». A set of statistical and mathematical data processing methods was used. \u0000Based on the results of correlation and factor analyses, key morphoparameters were selected to determine the vitality of C. erythraea individuals: phytomass of vegetative organs (W veg), height (Н) and area of one leaf (а). These parameters do not belong to the same correlation galaxy, they are distinguished by fairly high variation values and statistically significant changes in values within the studied populations. They are also characterized by the largest and statistically reliable factor load. \u0000In general, indicators reflecting certain signs of the generative sphere are distinguished by a fairly high constancy, which objectively proves the important role of generative organs in reflecting the vitality of C. erythraea. \u0000Based on the results of the vitality analysis, four populations from the groups Trifolium pratense+Achillea submillefolium–Plantago lanceolata, Trifolium pratense+Achillea submillefolium+Ranunculus acris, Trifolium repens–Daucus carota–Achillea submillefolium and Trifolium repens– Tanacetum vulgare, which belong to the prosperous type of vitality (with a quality index Q from 0.3333 to 0.4667). According to the signs of the vitality structure of the C. erythraea population, only two types of populations were found: depressed and prosperous. \u0000The registered differences in vitality characteristics are evidence and reflection of the implementation of various vitality tactics by the populations of the studied species of medicinal plants as components of a complex of mechanisms, means of adaptation to the conditions of specific habitats. \u0000Data on the vitality structure serve as the determining factor in the development of tactics and strategies for the rational, tireless use of medicinal plant resources.","PeriodicalId":336963,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Issue Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: Biology","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125167856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ВНЕСОК КРЕМЕНЕЦЬКОГО БОТАНІЧНОГО САДУ В РОЗВИТОК БОТАНІЧНОЇ НАУКИ","authors":"A. Lisnichuk, R. L. Yavorivskyi, N. Y. Sosanska","doi":"10.25128/2078-2357.22.4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25128/2078-2357.22.4.3","url":null,"abstract":"The article highlights the role of the Kremenets Botanical Garden in the preservation and enrichment of plant biodiversity. It also analyzes the current state and prospects of plant biodiversity development as a scientific center where research is carried out on the plants introduction, reintroduction and acclimatization, landscape design and greening, and the organization of environmental monitoring. The main directions of the institution's scientific work at the current stage are outlined. \u0000The structural scientific unit of the institution consists of six departments: acclimatization of fruit and berry crops; dendrology; flower garden and decorative plants; medicinal plants and new crops; reproductive biology and implementation; phytosozology. Main research topics: introduction of plants with the aim of enriching plant resources of Ukraine; preservation of the gene pool and biodiversity of species ex situ, protection of flora and monitoring of its condition, reproduction, cultivation, implementation of introduced and native ornamental plants with the aim of renewing collections and greening. The collection fund of the botanical garden includes more than 2,000 taxa, among them: species protected in national (listed in the Red Books of Ukraine) and regional levels, endemics of the Kremenets Mountains and other regions of the world. The species of natural flora, dendroflora, berry and fruit crops, medical, fodder, vegetable, spicy-aromatic and decorative plants are widely represented in the collections and expositions. A thorough study of the development of these plant groups allows us to determine their individual peculiarities, develop agricultural techniques, select the most promising species and to use the information obtained when creating plant compositions. \u0000The study and construction of plant populations of the desinent group is actively conducted in the Kremenets Botanical Garden. Also, the monitoring and control of the spontaneous spreading of invasive species are carried out. \u0000The modern Kremenets Botanical Garden is an object of the national nature reserve fund. It participates in the environmental protection activities of the region and functions as a research and educational institution. Multi-faceted scientific research is carried out here, as well as cultural and educational work.","PeriodicalId":336963,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Issue Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: Biology","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131990634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ВИКОРИСТАННЯ БІОЧАРУ І МІСКАНТУСУ ГІГАНТСЬКОГО (MISCANTHUS GIGANTEUS) ДЛЯ РЕМЕДІАЦІЇ ҐРУНТУ, ЗАБРУДНЕНОГО НАФТОПРОДУКТАМИ","authors":"","doi":"10.25128/2078-2357.22.4.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25128/2078-2357.22.4.5","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamics of changes in the chemical composition of soils contaminated with oil products during the vegetation of Miscanthus giganteus, as well as under the conditions of adding biochar (biochar) were studied. The possibility of using the culture of Miscanthus giant and biochar for soil remediation under conditions of oil pollution was analyzed. It was shown that the introduction of biochar into the soil enriched it with nitrate nitrogen, which was actively assimilated by giant miscanthus plants during the growing season. The absorption of nitrate anions by plants was especially active in the second series of the experiment, when the soil + biochar was contaminated with diesel fuel. It was established that the content of NH4+ ions in both series of the experiment increased until the end of the growing season. Obviously, ammonium nitrogen is absorbed to a lesser extent by M. giganteus plants, compared to nitrate. The increase in ammonium content can be additionally caused by the activity of soil microbes in the rhizosphere of plants, which contributes to the accumulation of ammonium nitrogen in the soil. It has been shown that miscanthus plants actively absorbed water-soluble forms of phosphorus, especially in the period from June to September. The application of biochar was a significant source of phosphorus, although its release into the soil is a rather slow process. It was determined that additional amounts of potassium were added to the soil with biochar, which was actively used by the M. giganteus culture. The minimum amounts of potassium in both series of studies were absorbed by plants of E groups, where the content of diesel fuel in the soil was the highest. The introduction of petroleum products had a minor effect on the value of exchangeable acidity. The addition of biochar contributed to the shift of the acid-base balance in the direction of alkalinity, but after the end of the miscanthus vegetation (September), a decrease in the pH of the saline extract of the soil was noted. It is shown that the most noticeable decrease in the concentration of diesel fuel in the soil was noted under the conditions of adding biochar and after growing miscanthus, which can be effectively used for the remediation of lands contaminated by oil products.","PeriodicalId":336963,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Issue Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: Biology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123766779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}