Frontiers in Horticulture最新文献

{"title":"Coupled aquaponics: Optimizing hydraulic retention times using a parallel unit process water treatment approach","authors":"Joseph Tetreault, Rachel L. Fogle, S. Fogarty, Todd Guerdat","doi":"10.3389/fhort.2023.1140998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fhort.2023.1140998","url":null,"abstract":"Coupled aquaponics is the integration of recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) and hydroponic cropping systems (HCS) into one system with shared culture water. Water conservation, revenue diversification, location-independent food production, and a reduced reliance on synthetically derived fertilizer salts have been identified as potential benefits of coupled aquaponic production. Despite these potential benefits, it has been difficult for producers to achieve success at the commercial scale. This review discusses how traditional linear coupled aquaponic system designs are not suited for intensive production due to a lack of scalability and water flow rate optimization to meet the differing requirements for finfish, vegetables, and water treatment with practices commensurate with the individual RAS and HCS industries. An alternative design for intensive coupled aquaponics is presented that utilizes a parallel unit process approach for independent hydraulic retention time optimization of each system component. The production benefits and scaling opportunities for each of the primary components in an aquaponics system are discussed. A review of recently published coupled aquaponics literature demonstrates that a system utilizing a parallel unit process design can result in more intensive fish production and a greater nutrient supply for plant production, leading to the potential for greater economic and space use efficiency. Graphical Abstract Created by Sean Fogarty, MS, with BioRender.com.","PeriodicalId":336423,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Horticulture","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121472129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative analysis of polyphenolic compounds in two different cultivars of marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) using high-performance thin-layer chromatography","authors":"Rayees Ahmad Mir, S. Irshad, Surendra Argal, R. M. Agarwal, S. Khatoon","doi":"10.3389/fhort.2023.1120267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fhort.2023.1120267","url":null,"abstract":"Marigold (Tagetes erecta L.), a popular ornamental plant of the family Asteraceae, is commonly cultivated in many countries, including India, for its decorative flowers. The plants grow easily in a variety of soil and climatic conditions and have been reported to damage the nematode population of soil and control indirectly harmful microbes. High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) was utilized in the present study, with a view to identify some important biologically active compounds in the flowers and leaves of two cultivars of marigold, Pusa Narangi Gainda (PNG) and Pusa Basanti Gainda (PBG). Quantitative analyses were carried out using silica gel thin-layer chromatography (TLC) plates and toluene–ethyl acetate–formic acid (T-E-F) (13:11:2 v/v/v) as the mobile phase used. Bands of gallic acid, caffeic acid, quercetin, p-coumaric acid, and kaempferol were observed. The results revealed a greater number of compounds in leaves than in flowers, and that the cultivar PNG accumulated a greater number of compounds than PBG. Gallic acid was found in leaves and flowers of both cultivars; however, it was found maximum in the flowers of cultivar PBG. Caffeic acid and quercetin were detected in the leaves of both cultivars, whereas p-coumaric acid was detected only in the leaves and kaempferol only in the flowers of cultivar PNG. The information generated in this report may be meaningfully used for the furtherance of research on marigolds as a natural source of antioxidants, insecticides, herbicides, etc.","PeriodicalId":336423,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Horticulture","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124176330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the salt resistance of Solanum lycopersicum x Solanum chilense hybrids and their parents","authors":"Servane Bigot, Claire Leclef, Camila Rosales, J. Martínez, S. Lutts, M. Quinet","doi":"10.3389/fhort.2023.1130702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fhort.2023.1130702","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Soil salinization is a major global problem. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of the main crops produced in the world and is cultivated in areas affected by salinity. However, it is considered as a glycophyte species and is sensitive to salt stress. Solanum chilense is a wild tomato native to the Atacama Desert and is therefore adapted to harsh environmental conditions, including salinity. It is considered as a promising source of genes for tomato improvement. However, the physiology of abiotic stress resistance remains largely unknown in S. chilense and no studies have investigated the resistance of S. lycopersicum x S. chilense interspecific hybrids and the potential value of their use in harsh environments. Methods In this study, we compared the salt (0 vs. 100 mM NaCl) resistance of S. lycopersicum, S. chilense and their hybrids at vegetative and reproductive stages. Results Overall, hybrids showed an intermediate behavior between their parents and a higher salt resistance than S. lycopersicum. Their physiological behavior toward salt stress was sometimes closed to S. lycopersicum and sometimes closed to S. chilense. Their sodium accumulation was intermediate between parents, with a sodium concentration closer to S. lycopersicum than S. chilense in roots, but with an aerial concentration closer to S. chilense than to S. lycopersicum. In inflorescences and fruits, the sodium concentration of hybrids was closer to S. lycopersicum than to S. chilense. Despite a decrease in instantaneous transpiration, the photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency of hybrids was not decreased by salt stress: our results suggest a greater tolerance to the osmotic phase of salt stress in hybrids compared to the parents. Regarding the reproductive stage, inflorescence production and fruit quality were not affected by salt in hybrids. Discussion This study highlights the potential use of hybrids in improving tomato for salt stress resistance.","PeriodicalId":336423,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Horticulture","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128174905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Floriculture and landscapes: Perspectives and challenges","authors":"António Ferrante, F. Ferrini","doi":"10.3389/fhort.2023.1123298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fhort.2023.1123298","url":null,"abstract":"COPYRIGHT © 2023 Ferrante and Ferrini. This is an openaccess article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. TYPE Specialty Grand Challenge PUBLISHED 22 February 2023 DOI 10.3389/fhort.2023.1123298","PeriodicalId":336423,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Horticulture","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128177278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban green management plan: Guidelines for European cities","authors":"L. Battisti, F. Larcher, M. Devecchi","doi":"10.3389/fhort.2023.1105159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fhort.2023.1105159","url":null,"abstract":"Urban green areas are essential components of a city. They guarantee an adequate quality of life by providing several ecosystem services. Green areas must be designed and managed appropriately with a long-term approach ensuring a healthy urban ecosystem. It is possible to observe how especially in the USA and Canada there is a useful tool for this purpose, the Urban Forest Management Plan. The aim of this study is to understand which practical and effective plans were available for manage public urban green spaces in Europe, before COVID-19 (non-routine period), in order to carefully set up management plans. In order to reach the goal a bibliographic review was performed and reported following the PRISMA Statement. Furthermore, a research was carried out on the main management plans adopted by the municipalities in European capitals. In this regard, the research tries to investigate the knowledge base that European municipalities can use to set up an urban green management plan. The narration of the outcomes was designed as an initial guide aimed primarily at public administrators by providing them with a path and a scheme on how to structure a long-term green management plan in European cities. In the hope that even European municipalities can adopt a long-term green management plan, we propose a scheme to be followed to achieve this goal, with the indication of five essential points to be taken into account.","PeriodicalId":336423,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Horticulture","volume":"21 12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131733001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity and abundance of bacterial and fungal communities in rhizospheric soil from smallholder banana producing agroecosystems in Kenya","authors":"C. Wahome, J. Maingi, O. Ombori, E. M. Njeru, M. Muthini, J. M. Kimiti","doi":"10.3389/fhort.2023.1061456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fhort.2023.1061456","url":null,"abstract":"In agroecosystems, microbial communities play a crucial role in delivery of various ecosystem services. These microbial communities are affected by several factors such as soil physicochemical properties which contribute to the diversity of bacterial and fungal communities. In this study, we investigated the soil physicochemical parameters and the diversity and abundance of bacterial and fungal communities in rhizospheric soil collected from banana growing regions in Kisii, Nyamira and Embu Counties of Kenya. Rhizospheric soil samples from the three regions showed significant differences at (P= 0.01) with the lowest recorded pH being 4.43 in Embu County. Based on Next-generation sequencing results, there was a significant diversity and abundance of bacterial division Proteobacteria while the predominant fungal division was basidiomycota, Several genera in the fungal division such as Penicillium and Cladosporium as well as bacterial genera such as Acidobacterium and Pseudomonas sp. were those associated with soil. There were several plant pathogenic and beneficial bacteria and fungi. Based on redundancy analysis (RDA) the distribution of these microbes was affected negatively by soil parameters such as total organic carbon (TOC) and pH. In conclusion, Soil health and continuous mono-cropping systems play a significant role in the diversity and abundance of both beneficial and harmful soil microbes. Metagenomics approaches in studying microbial communities in agroecosystems is a revolutionary approach which will aid in the development of sustainable tools in agriculture that improve microbiome structures as well as overall productivity.","PeriodicalId":336423,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Horticulture","volume":"4 3-4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121016093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Edible landscape: Key factors determining consumers’ commitment and willingness to accept opportunity cost and risk of foraged food","authors":"M. Rombach, David L. Dean","doi":"10.3389/fhort.2023.1028455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fhort.2023.1028455","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction This study is dedicated to urban foraging and explores key factors that determine consumer willingness to try foraged food, willingness to spend time and effort, accept risk as well as make a commitment towards food foraging. Methods A conceptual model is presented where general perceptions of nature, food foraging, and Covid-19 influence 3 specific attitudes about food foraging which drive 4 behavioural intentions towards food foraging. The model was tested using partial least square structural equation modelling. Results Results emphasize that the strongest driver of willingness to try are the approval of responsible food foraging activities and the individual benefits of food foraging. For the willingness to spend extra time and effort, all the predictors have some impact. In terms of willingness to accept risk, approval of responsible food foraging activities and the societal benefits of food foraging are influential. For commitment to food foraging, the individual and societal benefits are the most important key drivers. Discussion These findings are of relevance to marketing managers in the food industry and gastronomy, as well as municipalities, landscape designers, and horticultural businesses.","PeriodicalId":336423,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Horticulture","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131059295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vigorous rootstocks improve yields and increase fruit sizes in grafted fresh market tomatoes","authors":"T. Ingram, S. Sharpe, M. Trandel, P. Perkins-Veazie, F. Louws, I. Meadows","doi":"10.3389/fhort.2022.1091342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fhort.2022.1091342","url":null,"abstract":"Grafting high yielding tomato cultivars (Solanum lycopersicum L.) onto vigorous rootstocks can increase marketable yields, but questions remain regarding optimal cultural and growing conditions such as pinching and plant spacing. This study addressed some of the dynamics between grafted plants and cultural practices. Two scions, ‘Tasti-Lee’ (TL) and ‘Mountain Fresh Plus’ (MFP) were grafted onto each of three rootstocks, ‘Beaufort’, ‘Arnold’, and ‘Shield’. Plants were pinched (removal of main shoot to induce both axillary shoots to grow) or non-pinched, and spaced at 56 or 61 cm. All 32 grafted treatments were compared to the grower standard: non-grafted TL and MFP spaced at 46 cm, which were non-pinched. Fruit quality traits including soluble solids content, pH, lycopene concentration, and titratable acidity were recorded for fruit harvested from tomatoes grafted onto ‘Arnold’, ‘Beaufort’, ‘Shield’ and non-grafted TL. The overall effect of grafting TL and MFP onto vigorous rootstocks ‘Arnold’, ‘Beaufort’, and ‘Fortamino’ increased marketable yields per hectare by 24-35% compared to non-grafted grower standards. The rootstock ‘Shield’ did not significantly increase yields with either scion. TL had a more positive response to grafting than MFP. ‘Arnold’, ‘Beaufort’, and ‘Fortamino’ significantly increased TL fruit size, but the fruit size results were not as significantly impacted by graft treatments for MFP. Plants spaced at 56 compared to 61 cm generated similar yields. Pinched plants significantly increased yields over non-pinched plants by 15% in 2018 but did not impact yield in 2017. No consistent difference was observed between pinched and non-pinched plants with regard to fruit size, only plants grafted with ‘Shield’ benefited significantly from being pinched. Soluble solids content, pH, total lycopene concentration, and titratable acidity differed slightly between grafted and non-grafted plants but was unlikely to positively or negatively affect overall perception of fruit quality in tomatoes. A partial budget analysis revealed that grafting with ‘Arnold’ or ‘Beaufort’ consistently increased profits in this low-disease field.","PeriodicalId":336423,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Horticulture","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114408061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marker assisted backcrossing of alcobaca gene into two elite tomato breeding lines","authors":"Michael Kwabena Osei, A. Danquah, H. Adu-Dapaah, E. Danquah, E. Blay, M. Massoudi, D. Maxwell","doi":"10.3389/fhort.2022.1024042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fhort.2022.1024042","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato is one of the most important vegetable crops cultivated and consumed worldwide. Demand is increasing daily because of increase in per capita fresh fruit consumption. Despite the economic importance of tomato, it has relatively short shelf-life after ripening and experiences remarkable post-harvest losses. This study was aimed at using marker-assisted backcrossing (MABC) to transfer shelf-life gene (alc) into the genetic background of two elite Ghanaian tomato breeding lines. The MABC derived lines at BC2F3 were evaluated to confirm selections using molecular markers. All the MABC-derived lines gave significant extended shelf life compared to the checks except for Alc-LA3134, the alc donor parent, which was, however, not significantly different from one of the backcrosses (BC2F2.3-E-80-19-26). This confirms that the genetic regulation of the shelf-life trait is dependent on the alc gene. The performance of the donor check (Alc-LA3134) against the 12 MABC-derived lines indicated no significant differences for the fruit firmness (except for BC2F2.3-E-80-19-4), number of locules per fruit and shelf life (for only BC2F2.3-E-80-19-26), thus suggesting similar backgrounds of the MABC as the recurrent parents. A considerable increase in the shelf-life value was observed among the MABC-derived lines. The introgression of the alc gene into cultivated tomatoes for extended shelf-life could reduce post-harvest losses of tomato in Ghana.","PeriodicalId":336423,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Horticulture","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134483851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating aflatoxin contamination in maize: Breeding for stable resistant cultivars","authors":"A. Oppong, Kofi Appiah Jnr, Z. Appiah-Kubi, R. Adu-Amoah, H. Adu-Dapaah","doi":"10.3389/fhort.2022.1029804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fhort.2022.1029804","url":null,"abstract":"Maize (Zea mays L) is a major cereal crop for both plant and animal nutrition worldwide. The production and consumption of maize are adversely affected by aflatoxin contamination resulting in reduced grain quality with high health risk to consumers. Unsafe aflatoxin levels above 20 ppb have been reported in maize from farmers’ fields in Ghana. A study was undertaken to evaluate the yield and aflatoxin contamination resistance stabilities of selected hybrids being developed in Ghana. Eighteen maize genotypes (14 hybrids with the following code names: GH01, GH02, GH03, GH04, GH05, GH06, GH07, GH08, GH09, GH10, GH11, GH12, GH13, and GH14 and four local checks: Etubi, Obotantim, Tintim, and Mamaba) were evaluated across six environments in two seasons. Artificial inoculation was done randomly using the side needle injection method 14 days after midsilk at a concentration of 9 × 107 conidia/ml. After the harvest levels of aflatoxin in the harvested grains were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Data analysis showed that genotypic effects and environmental effects on some traits were consistently significant across environments, which mean that there was useful variation among the genotypes that could be utilized for the development of hybrids. Non-significant genotype by environment interaction effects for grain yield suggests that a promising genotype selected in one of these locations will also be suitable for production in the other locations in the same agroecological zone. GGE biplot analyses provided clear bases for determining stability and performance of the hybrids. Two hybrids have the potential for production in Ejura, Fumesua, Ohawu, Akumadan, and Kpeve and similar agroecological zones. GH04, GH10, and GH01 were lowest yielding, but GH10 was most stable. GH05 was identified as the most promising for production in Ejura, Ohawu, and Akumadan. Again, GH08 was the Vertex genotype for Wenchi environment. Ejura, located in the transition zone, was identified as the ideal testing environment for the hybrids. Most of the hybrids showed low levels of aflatoxin accumulation below 20 ppb despite artificial inoculation. The study revealed GH01, GH05, and GH08 as the most stable among the top yielding hybrids with aflatoxin levels of 11.9, 14.3, and 3.8 ppb, respectively, after artificial inoculation, which can be considered for cultivation as varieties to help mitigate aflatoxin contamination in maize in Ghana and beyond.","PeriodicalId":336423,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Horticulture","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126936806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}