Sports Medicine and Health Science最新文献

{"title":"Preschool-aged children 24-hour movement behaviours before and during COVID-19","authors":"Mingming Cui ,&nbsp;Xiaojuan Wang ,&nbsp;Zhaoxu Lu ,&nbsp;Anthony D. Okely ,&nbsp;Katharina Kariippanon ,&nbsp;Ellie K. Taylor ,&nbsp;Ting Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongyan Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.smhs.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smhs.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) affected health, economies, and lifestyles, but little is known about its impact on children. We aimed to investigate changes in 24-hour (h) movement behaviours of pre-school children before and during COVID-19, and factors that influenced these. Children aged 3–6 years were recruited in Beijing in 2019, and their movement behaviours over 24 ​h assessed by questionnaire, as part of the International Study of Movement Behaviors in the Early Years (SUNRISE) study. We conducted the survey again during COVID-19, and compared the children’s movement behaviours before and during COVID-19 and associated factors. Overall, 196 parents completed the survey at both time points. The percentage of children meeting movement guidelines decreased during the pandemic (<em>p</em> ​&lt; ​0.01). Total physical activity decreased less among children getting good quality sleep or with more adults in the household (<em>p</em> ​&lt; ​0.01). Children who were not cared for primarily by their mother had a greater decrease in moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (<em>p</em> ​= ​0.02), but the decrease was smaller among children whose parents used the internet to support their physical activity and/or screen time (<em>p</em> ​&lt; ​0.05). Children who used electronic screen devices in the 2 ​h before bedtime or whose parents reported body temperature in webchats had a greater increase in sedentary screen time (<em>p</em> ​&lt; ​0.05). Children spending more time outdoors showed a smaller decrease in sleep (<em>p</em> ​&lt; ​0.01). Overall, children’s movement behaviours changed significantly during the pandemic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33620,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine and Health Science","volume":"7 4","pages":"Pages 249-255"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing fundamental movement skills using the Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD): Challenges and solutions to comparability and standardization","authors":"Johan Y.Y. Ng,&nbsp;Shan Jiang,&nbsp;Cecilia H.S. Chan,&nbsp;Amy S. Ha","doi":"10.1016/j.smhs.2025.02.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smhs.2025.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Proficiency in fundamental movement skills in children is linked to numerous positive physical, behavioral, and cognitive outcomes. The Test of Gross Motor Development is a widely used tool in research to measure this outcome. However, its application faces several limitations and challenges, such as subjectivity in rater judgements, limitation in data precision, and inconsistencies in score aggregations. In this commentary, we discuss these issues and explore how new technology might help address some of the challenges. Nonetheless, a consensus to how scores should be aggregated is still needed, and this could only be achieved through further discussions among researchers in the field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33620,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine and Health Science","volume":"7 4","pages":"Pages 299-301"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corticospinal tract alterations after ankle sprain in adolescence: Insights from the mouse model","authors":"Xiao'ao Xue ,&nbsp;Xicheng Gu ,&nbsp;Yuwen Zhang ,&nbsp;Xuejun Wu ,&nbsp;Tian Xia ,&nbsp;Rong Lu ,&nbsp;He Wang ,&nbsp;Yinghui Hua","doi":"10.1016/j.smhs.2024.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smhs.2024.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Lateral ankle sprains (LAS) are associated with corticospinal pathway deficits. Existing evidence is primarily based on cross-sectional investigations and noncausal speculations. This study aims to determine whether maladaptive corticospinal pathway alterations occur pre- and postligament transection in LAS mouse models. Additionally, this study explores whether the alterations are more pronounced in adolescent mice than adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-four 8-week-old adolescent and twenty-four 24-week-old adult mice were randomly assigned to lateral ankle ligament transection or sham surgery. Diffusion-weighted imaging of the corticospinal pathway was performed presurgery and 8 weeks postsurgery. Fractional anisotropy (FA) values, reflecting fiber integrity within the corticospinal subregions of the medulla, pons, midbrain, and cerebrum, were extracted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 41 mice completed repeated image acquisition. Before surgery, no significant group effects on FA within the four corticospinal subregions were detected in either adolescent or adult mice. Two months after surgery, the adolescent cohort displayed a significant reduction in FA in the medulla subregion following ankle ligament transection (<em>β</em>-baseline-adjusted ​= ​−0.083, 95% <em>CI</em><em>,</em> −0.145 to −0.021, <em>p</em>-corrected ​= ​0.048). Conversely, no significant effects of ankle ligament transection on corticospinal FA were observed in the adult cohort.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The maladaptive alterations in the corticospinal tract could be observed in the adolescent LAS mouse model, characterized by reduced fiber integrity in the medulla subregion. While these results are derived from an animal model, they provide a foundation for future investigations into the mechanisms underlying neurological deficits following musculoskeletal injuries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33620,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine and Health Science","volume":"7 4","pages":"Pages 292-298"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141411008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"24-h movement guidelines and its association with health-related physical fitness in Brazilian adolescents","authors":"Jean Carlos Parmigiani De Marco ,&nbsp;Tiago Rodrigues de Lima ,&nbsp;André de Araújo Pinto ,&nbsp;Javier Brazo-Sayavera ,&nbsp;Andreia Pelegrini","doi":"10.1016/j.smhs.2024.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smhs.2024.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To examine the link between adherence to 24-h movement guidelines (isolated and combined) and muscular strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, and obesity indicators in Brazilian adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from 980 adolescents (14–19 years) in Florianópolis, Brazil, were analyzed. The dependent variables were body mass index (BMI), body fat, handgrip strength (HGS), maximal oxygen consumption (<span><math><mrow><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></mrow></math></span>O_2max). The independent variables were physical activity (PA, IPAQ), screen time (ST), sleep (bedtime, wake-up time). Compliance was calculated for each behavior and combinations. Multiple linear regression models were employed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall compliance: 4.1% (boys), 4.9% (girls). Positive associations were found between PA adherence and HGS/ <span><math><mrow><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></mrow></math></span>O_2max in both sexes, ST adherence and <span><math><mrow><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></mrow></math></span>O_2max, and adherence to all three guidelines and <span><math><mrow><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></mrow></math></span>O_2max. Girls showed positive associations between combined PA ​+ ​sleep adherence and HGS, ST ​+ ​sleep and <span><math><mrow><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></mrow></math></span>O_2max, and negative associations between adherence to two guidelines and BMI. Boys exhibited a negative association between PA and body fat, positive between ST and HGS, and positive/negative between combined PA ​+ ​ST adherence and HGS/body fat. Moreover, adherence to all three guidelines associated positively with HGS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Adhering to 24-h movement guidelines, alone or in combination, benefits muscular strength and cardiorespiratory fitness in Brazilian adolescents. However, simultaneous adherence did not correlate with obesity indicators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33620,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine and Health Science","volume":"7 4","pages":"Pages 256-262"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond physical exhaustion: Understanding overtraining syndrome through the lens of molecular mechanisms and clinical manifestation","authors":"Ondrej Fiala,&nbsp;Michaela Hanzlova,&nbsp;Lenka Borska,&nbsp;Zdenek Fiala,&nbsp;Drahomira Holmannova","doi":"10.1016/j.smhs.2025.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smhs.2025.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Overtraining Syndrome (OTS) is a condition resulting from excessive physical activity without adequate recovery, predominantly affecting elite athletes and military personnel. While overreaching can be a temporary state, non-functional overreaching may progress to chronic OTS. This review explores various hypotheses regarding the pathogenesis of OTS, including glycogen depletion, dysregulated cytokine response, oxidative stress, and alterations in the autonomic nervous system function. It also highlights the systemic impact of OTS on multiple organ systems, immune function, and overall health, linking the condition to chronic inflammation and an increased disease susceptibility. Additionally, it addresses the role of the gut microbiome in health modulation through physical activity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This narrative review was conducted through a structured search of peer-reviewed journal articles in databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, focusing on studies involving human participants and published in English.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>OTS has systemic effects on multiple organ systems, immune function, and overall health, leading to chronic inflammation and increased disease susceptibility. Athletes with OTS exhibit higher morbidity rates, influenced by factors such as sleep deprivation and stress. The review also emphasizes the role of the gut microbiome as a significant modulator of health through physical activity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Balanced training and recovery are crucial for preventing OTS and maintaining optimal health and quality of life in physically active individuals. Understanding the complex pathophysiology of OTS is essential for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33620,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine and Health Science","volume":"7 4","pages":"Pages 237-248"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observed relationships between nap practices, executive function, and developmental outcomes in Tunisian childcare centers","authors":"Mohamed-Amine Ltifi ,&nbsp;Kar Hau Chong ,&nbsp;Ghaith Ben-Bouzaiene ,&nbsp;Anthony D. Okely ,&nbsp;Mohamed-Souhaiel Chelly","doi":"10.1016/j.smhs.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smhs.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this design was to conduct an observational study comparing anthropometric characteristics, cognitive functions, as well as gross and fine motor skills. The study included 118 preschool-aged children (47 boys, 71 girls) enrolled in childcare centers. They were categorized into two groups based on their nap habits. The nap group comprised 59 children (23 boys, 36 girls), age (mean ​± ​standard deviation) ([3.96 ​± ​0.54] years) who took naps after lunch, while the no-nap group included 59 children (24 boys, 35 girls) age (mean ​± ​standard deviation) ([4.18 ​± ​0.61] years) who remained awake during this period. The results showed that the napping group had significantly higher scores for body mass index (BMI) (<em>p</em> ​&lt; ​0.000 1), height-for-age <em>z</em> score (HAZ) (<em>p</em> ​= ​0.003), and higher BAZ (BMI-for-age <em>z</em> score) scores (<em>p</em> ​&lt; ​0.000 1), compared to the No-nap group. In terms of cognitive function, the study revealed that the napping group had better working memory performance compared to the No-nap group (<em>p</em> ​= ​0.002), but no significant impact on inhibition was observed. The results also showed that taking a nap may improve functional mobility (<em>p</em> ​= ​0.003) and upper body strength (<em>p</em> ​= ​0.026) especially in boys. Future research could investigate the long-term effects of inadequate nap time on children's health and development and also develop and evaluate interventions to improve nap time habits in preschool children.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33620,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine and Health Science","volume":"7 4","pages":"Pages 272-279"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between daily physical activity and intestinal microbiota in perimenopausal women","authors":"Yanqiu Zheng ,&nbsp;Junyu Ke ,&nbsp;JinBin Song ,&nbsp;Xuyu Li ,&nbsp;Rongman Kuang ,&nbsp;Haiyan Wang ,&nbsp;Shuang Li ,&nbsp;Yanwu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.smhs.2024.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smhs.2024.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to examine the correlation between daily physical activity levels and gut microbiota during the perimenopausal period. To explore the physiopathological traits of perimenopause women, and provide a theoretical basis for the development of menopause exercise intervention program. In this study, daily physical activity was assessed using the ActiGraph wGT3X-BT wearable sensor, and 16S rRNA sequencing was employed to analyze gut microbiota diversity and composition. Comparative analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between physical activity and specific phyla and genera in the gut microbiota, comparing perimenopausal women to youth women. The results showed perimenopausal women exhibited significantly lower levels of daily physical activity, including Kcals, metabolic equivalents (METs), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), compared to youth women. The composition of the gut microbiota was markedly different between the two groups. Specifically, the abundance of <em>Acidobacteria</em>, <em>Chloroflexi, Nitrospirae</em>, and <em>Gemmatimonadetes</em> were lower at the phylum level (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). <em>Collinsella, Ruminococcus gnavus, Rothia, Haemophilus, Sphingomonas, Lactobacillales,</em> and <em>Lactococcus</em> were lower at the genus level, while <em>Phascolarctobacterium, Paraprevotella, Acinetobacter, Flavonifractor,</em> and <em>Intestinimonas</em> exhibited a significant increase (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between <em>Chloroflexi</em> or <em>Sphingomonas</em> and physical activity (kcals, METs, and MVPA), while a negative correlation was found between <em>Intestinimonas</em> and physical activity (METs: <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01, and MVPA: <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Doubtlessly, the perimenopausal period is associated with lower levels of physical activity and distinct changes in gut microbiota. <em>Sphingomonas</em> may serve as a sensitive bacterium closely linked to physical activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33620,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine and Health Science","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 230-236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140463302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms of muscle repair after peripheral nerve injury by electrical stimulation combined with blood flow restriction training","authors":"Xiaolei Chu ,&nbsp;Jiaojiao Sun ,&nbsp;Jiajia Liang ,&nbsp;Wenjie Liu ,&nbsp;Zheng Xing ,&nbsp;Qi Li ,&nbsp;Qingwen Li","doi":"10.1016/j.smhs.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smhs.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review elucidates the impact of electrical stimulation (ES) and blood flow restriction (BFR) training on muscle function. ES induces a transformation in muscle fibers type by rearranging myosin heavy chain isoform patterns. Additionally, it influences muscle protein synthesis and degradation through specific signaling pathways such as protein kinase B/mechanistic target of rapamycin (Akt/mTOR), as well as via autophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome system, thereby effectively maintaining muscle mass. BFR, on the other hand, restricts muscle blood flow, leading to metabolic products accumulation and localized hypoxia, which not only promotes the recruitment of fast-twitch fibers but also activates the mTOR signaling pathway, enhancing muscle protein synthesis. The combination of ES and BFR synergistically facilitates muscle protein synthesis through the mTOR pathway, thereby accelerating the recovery of muscle function following peripheral nerve injury.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33620,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine and Health Science","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 173-184"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143139738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Future risk of falls induced by ankle-foot sprains history: An observational and mendelian randomization study","authors":"Xiao'ao Xue ,&nbsp;Weichu Tao ,&nbsp;Qianru Li ,&nbsp;Yi Li ,&nbsp;Yiran Wang ,&nbsp;Le Yu ,&nbsp;Xicheng Gu ,&nbsp;Tian Xia ,&nbsp;Rong Lu ,&nbsp;Ru Wang ,&nbsp;He Wang ,&nbsp;Yinghui Hua","doi":"10.1016/j.smhs.2024.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smhs.2024.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Ankle-foot sprains are the most common musculoskeletal injuries, which can impair balance and theoretically increase the risk of falls, but still, there is a lack of evidence supporting the direct association between ankle-foot sprains and the future risk of falls.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>UK Biobank cohort was utilized to measure the association between ankle-foot sprains and fall risk with covariates adjusted. Then, the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was applied based on the genetically predicated ankle-foot sprains from FinnGen to validate causal relationship. Finally, genetically predicated cerebellar neuroimaging features were used to explore the mediating role of maladaptive neuroplasticity between ankle-foot sprains and falls by two-step MR analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients with ankle-foot sprains history exhibited a slightly increased risk of falls than the matched controls before and after adjustment for covariates (odd ratio [<em>OR</em>] ranged from 1.632 to 1.658). Two-sample MR analysis showed that ankle-foot sprains led to a higher risk of falls (<em>OR</em> ​= ​1.036) and a lower fractional anisotropy of superior cerebellar peduncle (SCP) (left, <em>β</em> ​= ​−0.052; right, <em>β</em> ​= ​−0.053). A trend of mediating effect was observed for the fractional anisotropy of right SCP in the causal effects of ankle-foot sprains on falls (<em>β</em> ​= ​0.003).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The history of ankle-foot sprains is associated with a slightly increased risk of falls. These findings improve our understanding of the clinical consequences of ankle-foot sprains in terms of fall risk and suggest the importance of adopting more efficient strategies for managing residual functional deficits after the injuries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33620,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine and Health Science","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 214-223"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141145399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sport-related concussion in Brazilian professional soccer: A four-year prospective epidemiological analysis","authors":"Guilherme Corrêa de Araújo Moury Fernandes ,&nbsp;Ewerton Borges de Souza Lima ,&nbsp;Paulo Henrique Schmidt Lara ,&nbsp;Ana Camila de Castro Gandolfi ,&nbsp;Jorge Roberto Pagura ,&nbsp;Gustavo Gonçalves Arliani ,&nbsp;Moisés Cohen","doi":"10.1016/j.smhs.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.smhs.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to investigate the incidence and other significant features of craniomaxillofacial trauma (CMFT), particularly Sport-Related Concussion (SRC), among professional soccer players from two major leagues in Brazil. This is a prospective epidemiological study which assessed two divisions of the national championship and large regional one over four seasons. Data were gathered from soccer clubs and their medical staff using two online forms. Data related to players (age and position) and injuries (diagnosis, type, body location, laterality, field location, tests performed, need for surgery, time lost in sports, and recurrence) were collected. Between 2016 and 2019, a total of 15 seasons, comprising 3 828 matches and 126 ​324 hours (h) of gameplay, were analyzed. A total of 299 CMFT cases were reported, with a median incidence of 2.37 per 1 000 ​h of play. Among them, there were 178 head and 121 face traumas, which led to 87 SRC (representing 29.10% of all CMFT), with an incidence of 0.69. Defensive midfielders (14.43%) and goalkeepers (14.00%) had the highest prevalence rates of CMFT. Only 3.68% of the injuries, mostly lacerations and fractures, required surgical treatment. This study identified that the average time lost in sports due to SRC was 5.12 days, with a recurrence rate of 12.71%. SRC are a frequent consequence of CMFT in Brazilian professional soccer. Although most cases are mild, there is a high recurrence rate, which may have long-term implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33620,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine and Health Science","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 224-229"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141712783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}