Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International relations最新文献_第9页

UK in Africa before and after Brexit 英国脱欧前后在非洲的情况

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International relations Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu06.2023.102

E. Khakhalkina

{"title":"UK in Africa before and after Brexit","authors":"E. Khakhalkina","doi":"10.21638/spbu06.2023.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2023.102","url":null,"abstract":"The article raises the question of the place of Tropical Africa in the system of British foreign policy priorities before and after Brexit. It is shown that the African continent traditionally played an important role in the colonial empire of the United Kingdom, and its importance only intensified under the conditions of decolonization and the Cold War, which was demonstrated by the first visit in the colonial history of the country of the British leader of H. Macmillan to Africa south of the Sahara in February 1960 (“Year of Africa”) and drawing attention to the future of the continent in connection with the acquisition of sovereign status by the colonies. However, after this tour, the weakening of Britain’s ties with the continent in the trade, economic, political and other spheres gradually began to occur, and only after the Brexit referendum on June 23, 2016, the UK announced a reset of relations within the loud slogan and foreign policy line “Global Britain”. In August 2018, Prime Minister T. May made a large-scale visit to the key countries of Tropical Africa, similar to H. Macmillan’s trip in terms of numbers, status and intentions, on the eve of the completion of a series of negotiations with the European Union and the country’s withdrawal from it. In addition to analyzing two of the British leaders’ trips, the article raises important contemporary questions about the incompleteness of decolonization, the future of development policy, and the overall prospects for the UK’s relationship with sub-Saharan Africa. Attention is also paid to the economic aspects of interaction between the parties and the updated priorities of Britain in the context of the pandemic and the challenges of European and global security under the influence of a new configuration of the system of international relations.","PeriodicalId":336122,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International relations","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122160050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An original work on the history and modernity of Korea 一部关于韩国历史和现代的原创作品

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International relations Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu06.2023.207

K. Khudoley

引用次数: 0

Crisis formation in Russia’s relations with the European Union and the Western community: Prospects for changes 俄罗斯与欧盟和西方社会关系的危机形成:变化的前景

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International relations Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu06.2021.202

A. Izotov

{"title":"Crisis formation in Russia’s relations with the European Union and the Western community: Prospects for changes","authors":"A. Izotov","doi":"10.21638/spbu06.2021.202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2021.202","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the current crisis in relations between Russia and the European Union (EU) which is part of a more global crisis in the relations between Russia and the Western community that can be analyzed in terms of the Russian-Western “cool war” concept. Firstly, the main trends in relations between Russia and the EU since the early 1990s are analyzed within three main dimensions of their interactions (economic interdependence; political values and institutions; foreign policy dimension) in the context of relations between Russia and the Western community. The article then examines how the current crisis and its key factors (relations between Russia and the EU in their common neighborhood; mutual sanctions regimes established by Moscow and Brussels against each other; transformation of the relations between Russia, the EU and its member states as a result of the crisis) are analyzed and discussed by the Western and Russian academic and expert communities. Specific attention is paid to the issues and problems that are prioritized by Russian and Western scholars, how they have been studied, how the scholars and experts reveal the causes and consequences of the relevant aspects of the current crisis in the EU-Russia relations in the context of a more global confrontational stagnation in the relations between Russia and the Western community. Conclusions are made regarding prospects for any changes in the current crisis of EU-Russia relations, and the factors that could stimulate or limit these changes are outlined.","PeriodicalId":336122,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International relations","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122363029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Expert and media discourses around the second space race between Russia, the U.S. and other countries 专家和媒体围绕俄罗斯、美国和其他国家之间的第二次太空竞赛展开讨论

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International relations Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu06.2021.304

P. Koshkin

{"title":"Expert and media discourses around the second space race between Russia, the U.S. and other countries","authors":"P. Koshkin","doi":"10.21638/spbu06.2021.304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2021.304","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with expert and media discourses around the second space race between Russia, the US and other countries. This is relevant today because America’s recent achievements in space exploration have intensified the discussion of another wave of competition among countries in Russian and Western media and think tanks. For example, the successful launches of the manned spacecraft Crew Dragon by Elon Musk to the International Space Station in 2020–2021 and the Perseverance rover’s landing on Mars in February 2021 put a spotlight on the new space race, with numerous media outlets and think tanks commenting on this topic. The novelty of the article lies in the fact that the author makes an attempt to analyze the problem of rivalry and cooperation in outer space through the lens of critical discourse analysis and survey, as well as through the perspective of international relations theory, particularly, through the conflict of realism and liberalism or idealism. The author comes to the conclusion that realists tend to aggravate the situation and define the current state of relations in space exploration as a new space race among global powers, while liberals use more accurate and restrained language such as “space rivalry” or “competition”. Realists are more skeptical toward cooperation in space exploration between competing powers like Russia and the US because of their political contradictions, while idealistic liberals pin their hopes on such a partnership.","PeriodicalId":336122,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International relations","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116409803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The “special situation” of the external relations of the Republic of San Marino in recent times 圣马力诺共和国最近对外关系的“特殊情况”

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International relations Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu06.2022.303

Lino Zonzini

{"title":"The “special situation” of the external relations of the Republic of San Marino in recent times","authors":"Lino Zonzini","doi":"10.21638/spbu06.2022.303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2022.303","url":null,"abstract":"Starting from Declaration no. 3 on Article 8 of the Treaty on European Union, addressed to small-sized European States, this essay intends to investigate, from a historical point of view, the “special situation” of the external relations of the Republic of San Marino. For geographical reasons, these events are combined with San Marino’s particular situation of being an enclave in the Italian territory, from which specific and ever-changing relations with Italy derive. Geography has always marked the Republic’s external relations. In the light of the historical period of reference and the interlocutors with whom the Republic came into contact, this essay seeks to demonstrate the conditions imposed by geography, but also the opportunities that enabled it to “go beyond” such geography, contrary to what imposed by its physical characteristics. Drawing mainly from San Marino historiographic sources, and thanks to the results of archive research carried out, the historical reconstruction aims at reconstructing the main bilateral events between San Marino and Italy during the long period before Italian Unification. Subsequently, the most significant events and specificities of the equally long period of the Italian State’s building are highlighted, including the events of the Italian Risorgimento and the most important facts of the early years of the Italian Republic. Finally, when dealing with the start of the European integration process, some specific initiatives taken by the Republic of San Marino to investigate particular aspects of Declaration no. 3 are addressed.","PeriodicalId":336122,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International relations","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114649062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The concept of multi-vector politics in the system of foreign policy practices of the average country (on the example of Belarus) 一般国家外交政策实践体系中的多向量政治概念(以白俄罗斯为例)

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International relations Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu06.2022.406

Nilokai Mezhevich, V. Shimov

{"title":"The concept of multi-vector politics in the system of foreign policy practices of the average country (on the example of Belarus)","authors":"Nilokai Mezhevich, V. Shimov","doi":"10.21638/spbu06.2022.406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2022.406","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the concept of the average state and its problematic for modern political science. Based on the analysis of the concepts of the average state that have developed to date, the authors come to the conclusion about the vagueness and uncertainty of the criteria of the average state. It is concluded that the average state is not so much a set of features that characterize a particular country, as the political role that a particular state is ready to play in the international arena. At the same time, countries as different in scale as India and the Scandinavian states can claim the role of an average state. A distinctive feature of the average state is a propensity for multi-vector politics, geopolitical balancing and multilateral alliances. Using the example of Belarus, the authors show how this post-Soviet republic is trying to realize the role of an average state in the international arena. Unlike its neighbors, the Baltic states and Ukraine, which chose the model of small client states of the West, Belarus followed the path of a medium–sized state balancing between Russia, the EU, China and the states of the “far arc”, while maintaining a close alliance with Russia as a priority direction of foreign policy. The article highlights the difficulties faced by the Union State of Russia and Belarus due to the unequal vision of its participants of their roles. In conclusion, it is concluded that the former model of the Belarusian multi-vector politics in the new geopolitical conditions is exhausted, and the Union State can gain a new meaning as one of the geopolitical centers in the emerging world of “colliding civilizations”. At the same time, the role of Belarus as an average state — an equal partner of Russia can be preserved.","PeriodicalId":336122,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International relations","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130940598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Foes, friends or indifferent players? Assessing national energy strategies and possible agenda for cooperation between Brazil and Russia 敌人、朋友还是冷漠的玩家?评估巴西和俄罗斯之间的国家能源战略和可能的合作议程

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International relations Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/11701/spbu06.2019.205

B. Jubran, V. Jeifets

{"title":"Foes, friends or indifferent players? Assessing national energy strategies and possible agenda for cooperation between Brazil and Russia","authors":"B. Jubran, V. Jeifets","doi":"10.21638/11701/spbu06.2019.205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu06.2019.205","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims at analyzing the actual and potential cooperation between Brazil and Russia — two BRICS countries — in energy issues. Addressing energy security in global affairs and national strategies is quite obvious due to its centrality in shaping contemporary civilization. While energy is also vital for International Relations and for the foreign policy of particular countries, the topic remains quite underdeveloped in Brazil-Russia relations. This contradiction is the main problem raised in the article. There are two main lines of explanation for that question. The first one implies that cooperation between Brazil and Russia is hindered due to poor legal foundations in the energy sector and constant government interference in the business environment in both nations. The second rationale states that both nations allegedly do not share similar interests, or even behave as competitors in each other’s or third markets, as they have been suppliers of energy in the global market. We shall advance the third line of argumentation, which contends that even if previous arguments are valid, the role of other players — either foreign governments or private enterprises — should not be underrated to un-derstand possible limitations and setbacks in bilateral relations, in particular in energy matters. Moreover, lack of clarity and definition in energy policy and security is perhaps more convinc-ing than constant government interference, especially in Brazil, and to a lesser extent, Russia.","PeriodicalId":336122,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International relations","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130462248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Britain’s China policy after Brexit: Based on pragmatism or values first? 英国脱欧后对华政策:实用主义优先还是价值观优先?

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International relations Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu06.2023.101

Jian Junbo, Yao Le

{"title":"Britain’s China policy after Brexit: Based on pragmatism or values first?","authors":"Jian Junbo, Yao Le","doi":"10.21638/spbu06.2023.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2023.101","url":null,"abstract":"After Brexit, Britain has vowed to build a “Global Britain”. Guided by this strategy, the Great Britain’s policy towards People’s Republic of China is undergoing a more dramatic adjustment, which has brought the relations between China and the United Kingdom from a “golden era” to a more turbulent and unpredictable period of today. Overall, Britain’s current policy toward China is based on a range of policy tools, such as investment screening, Indo-Pacific Policy, as well as bilateral mechanisms, to catch the Chinese market for economic gain, while politically following the United States and provoking China on ideological and sovereignty matters in order to maintain its alliance with the West. Given in general the increase of negative perceptions of British public opinion of China, as well as the dramatic changes in the international situation (including the occurrence of major geopolitical events such as the Russian-Ukrainian military conflict), adjustments in the UK’s policy toward China will continue for some time, which will impact the stability of Sino-British relations. In the future, based on pragmatism, Britain’s China policy will maintain a flexible balance between maintaining selective cooperation with China in economy and global governance and deepening confrontation with China in the political sphere.","PeriodicalId":336122,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International relations","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123594255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“The Sun is also a star”: The foreign policy issue in the Republic North Macedonia EU-integration “太阳也是一颗星”:北马其顿共和国融入欧盟的外交政策问题

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International relations Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu06.2022.304

E. Koloskov

{"title":"“The Sun is also a star”: The foreign policy issue in the Republic North Macedonia EU-integration","authors":"E. Koloskov","doi":"10.21638/spbu06.2022.304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2022.304","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the foreign policy aspect of the EU-integration of the Republic of North Macedonia. The main attention of the article is paid not only to the interaction of official Skopje and Brussels, but also to the problems of the regional dimension of integration processes. Three main regional challenges for Macedonia are considered: the Macedonian name dispute, the Political views on the Macedonian language and the Albanian issue. The last one is not only about the rights and claims of the Albanian community of the country, but also It is the issue which seriously affecting Macedonia bilateral relations with neighboring Albania, the so-called “Republic of Kosovo”, Serbia and Montenegro. In the course of the study, the main contradictions of the parties were analyzed, the stages of the integration process of Macedonia in relation to NATO and the EU were highlighted, and a forecast was made regarding the prospects of the Skopje state to leave the top ten applicants and become a full member of the EU. Based on the results of the study, we came to the conclusion that in the future it is equally likely that both the successful resolution of existing conflicts in the case of a new focus of Brussels on the problems of the Western Balkans, and the freezing of existing contradictions and, even, under certain circumstances, the resumption of seemingly subsided memory wars, as this happened with the Political views on the Macedonian language in Macedonian- Bulgarian relations.","PeriodicalId":336122,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International relations","volume":"15 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123644804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The aging leader: Approaching age as a factor in international relations 年迈的领导人:将年龄视为国际关系中的一个因素

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International relations Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu06.2021.405

Eric B. Shiraev

{"title":"The aging leader: Approaching age as a factor in international relations","authors":"Eric B. Shiraev","doi":"10.21638/spbu06.2021.405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2021.405","url":null,"abstract":"This article goes against the grain of traditional approaches in international relations by claiming that a leader’s biological age is a factor in this individual’s execution of foreign policy. The traditional logic of political science that has generally been diminishing the impact of a leader’s individual features on policy for the sake of institutional procedures needs to be reassessed. A common assumption is that an aging king or president, especially those entering the eighth or ninth decade of their lives, are likely to make prudent, balanced, and wise political decisions due to their rich experience. However, this notion lacks sufficient empirical support from history. The physical “wear and tear” of the aging leader, along with their declining psychological functions, are likely to negatively impact their foreign-policy decisions that may fall under the influence of the leader’s information overload, cognitive narcissism, profound stubbornness, as well as their irrational sense of urgency, and their tendency to overcompensate. In democracies, the political tenure of top politicians is limited by constitutional terms or scheduled elections. In authoritarian systems, only the top figure’s death or incapacitation become actual “schedulers” of their political tenure. Although a person’s advanced age should not disqualify him or her from public office, without institutional checks on the leader’s judgements and behavior as well as the critical power of public opinion and the press, the aging authoritarian leader can become unpredictably risky.","PeriodicalId":336122,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. International relations","volume":"184 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123068345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0