Digital Chinese Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Inhibition of photoreceptor apoptosis in mice with retinitis pigmentosa through NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway suppression with Lycium barbarum polysaccharide","authors":"Ying Wang ,&nbsp;Ying Deng ,&nbsp;Jing Lu ,&nbsp;Jun Peng ,&nbsp;Yasha Zhou ,&nbsp;Yijing Yang ,&nbsp;Qinghua Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.dcmed.2023.10.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcmed.2023.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To explore whether <em>Lycium barbarum</em> polysaccharide (LBP) can reduce the apoptosis of retinal photoreceptor cells in retinitis pigmentosa (RP) mice by inhibiting nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-<em>κ</em>B)/NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain-associated protein 3 (NLRP3) signaling pathway.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>(i) <em>In vitro</em> experiments, mouse retinal ganglion cells (661W cells) were divided into normal, model, LBP low-dose (LBP-L, 40 mg/L), LBP middle-dose (LBP-M, 80 mg/L), LBP high-dose (LBP-H, 160 mg/L), and positive drug control (NLRP3 inhibitor, 160 mg/L) groups. And the 661W cells were exposed to varying concentrations of H₂O₂ ranging from 50 to 400 μmol/L to determine the optimal concentration for inducing apoptosis (200 μmol/L). Then the cell viability was assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), while the apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry; the expression of NLRP3 was detected by immunofluorescence; and the expression of apoptosis markers was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot (WB). (ii) <em>In vivo</em> assays were carried out with the use of C57/BL6 and Rd10 mice. The animal experimental groups were divided into normal, model, LBP-L, LBP-M, LBP-H, and NLRP3 inhibitor groups, in which the normal group was C57/BL6 mice and the other groups were Rd10 mice. Ten mice were included in each group, and the corresponding drugs were administered intragastrically for a duration of four weeks. NF-<em>κ</em>B/NLRP3 pathway and the expression of apoptosis markers were observed by electroretinogram, histopathological examination, and WB to assess the effects of LBP on retinal photoreceptor cell apoptosis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>(i) <em>In vitro</em> experiments, compared with the normal group, the apoptosis rate of 661W cells in model group was significantly increased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), and the expression levels of key proteins of NF-<em>κ</em>B/NLRP pathway, such as NLRP3, NF-<em>κ</em>B, p-NF-<em>κ</em>B, and pro-apoptotic protein caspase-3, were up-regulated (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). The rate of Bax/Bcl-2 was increased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), and the concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1<em>β</em> and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-<em>α</em> were significantly increased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Compared with the model group, high dose of LBP decreased the apoptosis rate of 661W cells (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), and down-regulated the expression levels of the key proteins of NF-<em>κ</em>B/NLRP3 pathway, including NF-<em>κ</em>B, NLRP3, p-NF-<em>κ</em>B, and caspase-3 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). The rate of Bax/Bcl-2 was decreased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), and the concentrations of IL-1<em>β</em> and TNF-<em>α</em> were decreased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). (ii) <em>In vivo</em> experiments, high dose of LBP significantly increased morphological changes in the outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness of Rd10 mice, as well as functional ","PeriodicalId":33578,"journal":{"name":"Digital Chinese Medicine","volume":"6 3","pages":"Pages 307-316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589377723000563/pdfft?md5=207e252e42ac4112582b53caf0987ee7&pid=1-s2.0-S2589377723000563-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138390010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medication rule and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in treating metabolism-associated fatty liver disease based on bioinformatics technology","authors":"Zhang Yunkun ,&nbsp;Yao Rong ,&nbsp;Li Lin ,&nbsp;Li Wenli ,&nbsp;Li Changqing ,&nbsp;Pan Yu ,&nbsp;Li Shunxiang","doi":"10.1016/j.dcmed.2023.10.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcmed.2023.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>[Objective]</h3><p>To analyze the main syndrome types, medication rules, and core prescription characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of metabolism-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), and to predict the anti-MAFLD mechanism of core formula, so as to provide references for the clinical application of TCM and the development of new drugs.</p></div><div><h3>[Methods]</h3><p>Literature research on TCM in treating MAFLD was retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), and Wanfang Database since the establishment of the database to July 2022. Excel 2019 and Chinese Medicine Inheritance Computing Platform (V3.0) were used for frequency analysis, association rule analysis, and cluster analysis of effective prescriptions. The key components, targets, and action pathways of anti-MAFLD core formulas were predicted by network pharmacology. Finally, the interactions between the obtained core components and their core targets were verified reversely by molecular docking technology.</p></div><div><h3>[Results]</h3><p>A total of 218 articles were screened and selected, including 352 prescriptions, involving 270 traditional Chinese herbs. The drugs were used a total of 3 901 times, and a total of 10 915 cases were collected, among which the prevalence rate was higher in males. The main types of TCM syndrome included intermingled phlegm and blood stasis syndrome, liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome, and damp-heat in liver and gallbladder syndrome, among which Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus), Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), and Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) were the most frequently used. The properties of Chinese medicine primarily encompassed thermal characteristics, with a predominant emphasis on cold and warm; the flavors of herbs were predominantly characterized by bitterness and sweetness, while the majority exhibited tropism towards the spleen and liver meridians. The drugs were primarily classified based on their efficacy in tonifying deficiencies, promoting diuresis and moistening, enhancing blood circulation and removing blood stasis, heat-clearing, etc. The association rules were employed to derive a set of 20 core drug pairs, while cluster analysis was utilized to identify three distinct groups of core drug combinations. Network pharmacological showed that the main components of the core formula “Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus) - Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) - Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma) - Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) - Fuling (Poria)” in the treatment of MAFLD were quercetin, apigenin, puerarin, luteolin, ursolic acid, kaempferol, tanshinone IIA, emodin, paeonol, etc., which involved RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (AKT1), cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1<em>β</em>, signal transducer and ","PeriodicalId":33578,"journal":{"name":"Digital Chinese Medicine","volume":"6 3","pages":"Pages 257-271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589377723000526/pdfft?md5=206c27be40ee42f6346f7000f05c688b&pid=1-s2.0-S2589377723000526-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138390011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bibliometric analysis on research hotspots and evolutionary trends of artificial intelligence application in traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis","authors":"Zhang Jieyi ,&nbsp;Peng Qinghua ,&nbsp;Yan Junfeng","doi":"10.1016/j.dcmed.2023.07.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcmed.2023.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To explore the development and research hotspots on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diagnosis and predict research trends in the area.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>All articles were retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data (Wanfang), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), and Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). All related papers published in journals from the foundation of the databases to December 31, 2022 were included. NoteExpress, Co-Occurrence (COOC), VOSviewer, and CiteSpace were used to visualize data about publication volumes, journals, authors, research institutions, and keywords as well as to analyze hotspots trending topics in the field.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 686 articles were retrieved from the databases, among which 610 papers were published in Chinese and 76 in English. In terms of the journals in which these papers were published, 238 of them were Chinese journals and 52 were English ones. The number of the papers published in journals presented a slow growth. According to the results from Chinese article analysis, WANG Yiqin from Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine published the most papers in the field. The authors of Chinese papers belonged to six long-term research teams, led by WANG Yiqin and XU Jiatuo (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), WEI Yuke (Guangdong University of Technology), LI Gang (Tianjin University), XI Guangcheng (Institute of Automation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences), and NIU Xin (Beijing University of Chinese Medicine), respectively. In accordance with results from English paper analysis, four authors equally publishing the most papers were YAN Haixia, HU Xiaojuan, and JIANG Tao (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), and WEN Chuanbiao (Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine). The authors of English papers were from two major research teams in the field of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Currently, research hotspots on AI such as neural networks, data mining, machine learning, feature recognition, image processing, and expert systems, have been centered on tongue diagnosis, pulse diagnosis, and syndrome research in TCM. Additionally, it was found that research on the topic was gradually evolving from explorations of a single diagnosis method to investigations on the combination of multiple TCM diagnosis methods.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Research on AI application in TCM diagnosis is still in a slowly growing stage. As technology develops, AI has been applied to many aspects of TCM diagnosis. Therefore, how to combine the two for improving TCM diagnosis is something worthy of our brainstorming and exploring.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33578,"journal":{"name":"Digital Chinese Medicine","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 136-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49727085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medication and prescription rules for treating spleen and stomach diseases in Prescriptions of Peaceful Benevolent Dispensary","authors":"Yao Shuaijun ,&nbsp;Yang Jihong ,&nbsp;Li Peifang ,&nbsp;Yan Jinglai","doi":"10.1016/j.dcmed.2023.07.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcmed.2023.07.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To explore the prescriptions related to the treatment of spleen and stomach diseases in <em>Prescriptions of Peaceful Benevolent Dispensary</em> (<em>Tai Ping Hui Min He Ji Ju Fang,</em>《太平惠民和剂局方》, TPHMHJJF), and investigate the medication and prescription rules.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The prescriptions of TPHMHJJF for treating spleen and stomach diseases were screened, and the data set was established by entering the prescriptions and standardized drug names using WPS Excel 2019. Herb frequency statistics, efficacy categorization, property, flavor, meridian tropism, association rules, cluster analysis, factor analysis, and complex network analysis were performed using Python 3.6.8 programming language and Gephi 0.9.2 visualization software.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 239 prescriptions were included after the screening, and the dosage forms were mainly pills and powders. The study involved 200 herbal medicines, among which 40 herbs had a frequency of ≥ 12. The herb with the highest frequency was Ganjiang (Zingiber Rhizoma). The herb properties were mainly warm in nature, with the most pungent herbs. Most herbs were attributed to the spleen and stomach meridians, and tonifying medicine were the main species. The association rule analysis identified 26 second-order association rules and 16 third-order association rules, with \"Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) → Fuling (Poria)\" as the leading rule in the former and \"Fuling (Poria) + Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizome) → Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma)\" as the leading rule in the latter. Also, cluster analysis divided the top 30 herbs into six herb combinations that can warm the middle, move Qi, and dry dampness effectively. Factor analysis extracted 13 common factors, with Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), and Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizome) as the highest contributing factors. Lastly, complex network analysis yielded the core prescription of 14 herbs, with Ganjiang (Zingiber Rhizoma), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizome), and Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) among the herbs with a higher weighting degree.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>TPHMHJJF is mainly based on the use of warming herbs to treat spleen and stomach diseases, and its medication rule can be summarized into three aspects: (i) primarily using warming and tonifying to warm the middle and dissipate cold, (ii) using the method of moving Qi with aromatic nature to delight the spleen and appetize the stomach, and (iii) emphasizing the regulation of Qi and blood to calm the five zang-organs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33578,"journal":{"name":"Digital Chinese Medicine","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 234-244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49749475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preclinical anti-apoptotic properties of salidroside for hypoxic-ischemic cerebral damage: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Wang Xiaobo ,&nbsp;Zhang Yating ,&nbsp;Hou Ya ,&nbsp;Jiang Hong ,&nbsp;Zhang Yi ,&nbsp;Zhang Sanyin ,&nbsp;Meng Xianli","doi":"10.1016/j.dcmed.2023.07.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcmed.2023.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>As the main active ingredient of Tibetan medicine Hongjingtian (Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma), salidroside (Sal) has a good anti-apoptotic potential. Currently, there are some conflicting results on the anti-apoptotic mechanisms of Sal. Here we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to provide the preclinical evidence of its anti-apoptotic properties in preventing and treating hypoxic-ischemic cerebral damage (HICD).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The literature on the anti-apoptotic potential of Sal in the treatment of HICD from January 1, 1980 to November 9, 2021 was searched online using Chinese databases including Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), and Wanfang Database, and English databases including PubMed and Web of Science. The quality of the included articles was evaluated by the Cochrane Collaboration network bias risk assessment criteria, and meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 40 articles were finally included. Among the 40 articles, 30 were about <em>in vivo</em> animal experiments and 17 about <em>in vitro</em> cell experiments, and 7 of them included both animal and cell experiments. After analysis, it was found that Sal had significant effects on disease-related indicators of HICD (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), such as cerebral infarctsize and brain water content. As to <em>in vivo</em> studies, Sal mainly affects the expressions of apoptotic factors through anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, activation of complement pathway, and regulation of signal transduction and autophagy, thus exerting anti-apoptotic potential in treating HICD. While for <em>in vitro</em> studies, Sal plays the anti-apoptotic role in HICD models mainly through anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, reduction of Ca²⁺ overload, regulation of mitochondrial function, signal transduction, and C3 complement.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Sal can take anti-apoptotic effects to prevent and treat HICD through mechanisms such as anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, enhanced autophagy, complement and signal transduction, regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduction of Ca²⁺ overload.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33578,"journal":{"name":"Digital Chinese Medicine","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 121-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49749744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between soil environment and yield and quality of Sharen (Amomi Fructus) under different planting patterns","authors":"Yin Cuiyun ,&nbsp;Li Yihang ,&nbsp;Yu Jing ,&nbsp;Zhao Hongyou ,&nbsp;Deng Zhaoyou ,&nbsp;Tang Deying ,&nbsp;Aung Kyaw Oo ,&nbsp;Zhang Lixia","doi":"10.1016/j.dcmed.2023.07.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcmed.2023.07.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To study the effects of soil environment on the growth, yield, and quality of Sharen (Amomi Fructus) under different planting patterns.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Soil physical and chemical indices and enzyme activities in four periods including early flowering (March), full flowering (June), fruit ripening (September), and late fruit picking (December), were measured under three planting patterns including natural forest, greenhouse, and rubber forest in Xishuangbanna, China. The changes in soil indices during the growth periods of Sharen (Amomi Fructus) under different planting patterns were analyzed, and the differences in plant growth, yield, and quality under different planting patterns were explored. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between soil indices and Sharen (Amomi Fructus) growth, yield, and quality. Principal component analysis was used to investigate the effects of soil environment under different planting patterns on Sharen (Amomi Fructus) growth, yield, and quality.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The soil moisture, available potassium content, and urease activity of the three planting patterns of Sharen (Amomi Fructus) increased initially and decreased afterwards throughout the year; pH and organic matter content showed little change in the whole year. Exchangeable manganese content and acid phosphatase activity gradually increased throughout the year. Hydrolyzed nitrogen content, exchangeable calcium content, available zinc content, protease activity, and sucrase activity decreased initially and increased afterwards throughout the year. Exchangeable magnesium content, available iron content, and catalase activity decreased annually. Total nitrogen content, total phosphorus content, and available phosphorus content fluctuated throughout the year. The total potassium content under natural forest and greenhouse planting decreased throughout the year, while the total potassium content under rubber forest showed an upward trend all year round. The organic matter content, total nitrogen content, total potassium content, available potassium content, available zinc content, urease activity, acid phosphatase activity, and catalase activity under greenhouse were significantly lower than those under natural and rubber forests (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that plant growth, yield, and quality of Sharen (Amomi Fructus) were significantly correlated with soil organic matter, total nitrogen, hydrolyzed nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, total potassium, available potassium, exchangeable manganese, exchangeable magnesium, exchangeable calcium, available zinc, urease, acid phosphatase, and invertase (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The results of the principal component analysis indicated that the soil environment of Sharen (Amomi Fructus) under natural forest was the best, followed by rubber forest and greenhouse. The order of its advantages and disa","PeriodicalId":33578,"journal":{"name":"Digital Chinese Medicine","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 221-233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49749862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preclinical evaluation of Hibiscus cannabinus Linn. in the treatment of urolithiasis and cholelithiasis","authors":"Swathi Suresh,&nbsp;Ankul Singh S,&nbsp;Chitra Vellapandian","doi":"10.1016/j.dcmed.2023.07.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcmed.2023.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To investigate the therapeutic effect of <em>Hibiscus cannabinus</em> Linn. (<em>H. cannabinus</em>) leaves on cholelithiasis and urolithiasis.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The study evaluated the effect of aqueous leaf extract of <em>H. cannabinus</em> on thiouracil and cholesterol cholic acid diet induced cholelithiasis in BALB/c mice and ethylene glycol induced urolithiasis in Wistar rats. Three doses of aqueous extract (40, 80, and 160 mg/kg) were selected to evaluate the effectiveness in cholelithiasis in mice; another three doses of aqueous extract (400, 800, and 1600 mg/kg) were administered for evaluating the effect on urolithiasis in rats. Biochemical parameters such as biliary cholesterol, biliary phospholipid, and bile acid were determined in cholelithiasis model. Similarly, 24-hour urine output, urinary parameters such as creatinine, uric acid, protein, urea, presence of calcium oxalate crystals, red blood cells (RBCs), and pyuria were determined in urolithiasis model.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Statistically significant differences were noted in the biliary and urinary parameters after administrating three test doses of <em>H. cannabinus</em> aqueous extract (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><em>H. cannabinus</em> was found to be effective against high fat lithogenic diet urolithiasis and cholelithiasis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33578,"journal":{"name":"Digital Chinese Medicine","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 189-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49765199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perturbations in gastrointestinal tract microbiota composition and function in individuals with yellow-greasy tongue coating","authors":"Liu Zhanyan ,&nbsp;Li Zhiyue ,&nbsp;Zhu Guanbao ,&nbsp;Liu Yaqian ,&nbsp;Peng Qinghua ,&nbsp;Wu Zhengzhi","doi":"10.1016/j.dcmed.2023.07.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcmed.2023.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To study the composition and function of tongue coating (TC) and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiota in participants with yellow-greasy tongue coating (YGTC), and to explore the representative metabolite markers and pathways in this group.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Subjects with YGTC or thin-white tongue coating (TWTC) were recruited from December 1, 2021 to October 30, 2022, and the TC and fecal samples were collected. Samples were subjected to both whole-genome shotgun (WGS), and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The <em>α</em>-diversity analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and Spearman correlation analysis were performed for two groups. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) analysis was used to analyze metabolomics and enrichment of metabolic pathways.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results revealed 20 YGTC participates and 19 TWTC participates. At the genus level, the dominant bacterial species of TC flora and intestinal flora in the two groups were roughly the same, but the relative kurtosis difference was marked, and the abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria in TC and fecal samples of YGTC subjects was higher. There were 9 down-regulated microorganisms in the TC samples, 26 down-regulated microorganisms, and 6 up-regulated microorganisms in YGTC subjects. The <em>α</em>-diversity analysis indicated that the Chao and abundance-based coverage estimator (ACE) indices of TC bacteria in the YGTC subjects showed a decreasing trend, but the difference was not statistically significant (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). The <em>α</em>-diversity of fecal samples and the Chao and ACE indices decreased significantly (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). PCA showed that the microflora structure of TC and fecal samples were significantly different between the two groups. Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was no correlation between TC and fecal microorganisms at phyla and genus levels in the same subjects (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). The metabolomics results demonstrated that fumarate reductase, V/A ATPase, and phosphatidylethanolamine were increased, and glycerate-3p, UDP-glucose, and quinone oxidoreductase metabolites were decreased in YGTC TC samples. Inosine monophosphate (IMP), uridine monophosphate (UMP), and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were increased in YGTC fecal samples, while the contents of ribo-5P, histidine, biotin, and cobalamin were decreased. Metabolic pathway analysis indicated that the abundance of the TC and fecal samples of the YGTC subjects was relatively low in various metabolic pathways, including amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, and energy metabolism.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Structural and functional changes in TC and GIT microbiota or metabolite markers could be potential biological bases of YGTC formation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33578,"journal":{"name":"Digital Chinese Medicine","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 160-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49749430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liver-protectant and cardiovascular-protectant effects of Nigella sativa: a meta-analysis","authors":"Fathiyah Safithri ,&nbsp;Diah Hermayanti ,&nbsp;Isbandiyah ,&nbsp;Probo Yudha Pratama Putra ,&nbsp;Faiq Shabri Maulana ,&nbsp;Aji Muthi’ah Nur Azizah","doi":"10.1016/j.dcmed.2023.07.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcmed.2023.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>A significant amount of evidence has lately revealed that individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) are at high risk of cardiovascular diseases, which is the primary cause of death in patients. This study is to evaluate liver- and cardiovascular-protectant effects of <em>Nigella sativa</em> (<em>N. sativa</em>).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The meta-analysis was performed using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The literature review was conducted in June 2022 with papers retrieved from the PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library websites from January 2010 to December 2021. The Review Manager version 5.3 was applied for the statistical analysis of parameters like aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels, lipid profil, blood glucose level, weight, and body mass index (BMI).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results showed that <em>N. sativa</em> could significantly decrease the AST (<em>P</em> = 0.009) and ALT (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) levels in research subjects. Subjects in the <em>N. sativa</em> group had a significant higher cure rate of fatty liver than those in the placebo group (<em>P</em> = 0.0001). In addition, lipid profile, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose of subjects all significantly reduced in the <em>N. sativa</em> group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). However, the comparison of body weight and BMI between the <em>N. sativa</em> group and placebo group did not show significant difference (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><em>N. sativa</em> did have certain liver-protectant and cardiovascular-protectant effects on patients with NAFLD or chronic liver diseases (CLD), despite the insignificant comparison of body weight and BMI between the <em>N. sativa</em> group and the placebo group.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33578,"journal":{"name":"Digital Chinese Medicine","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 112-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49758963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chlorogenic acid loaded niosomes and proniosomes: in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities with efficacy in wound healing","authors":"Hemangi Ramesh Trivedi,&nbsp;Prashant Keshao Puranik","doi":"10.1016/j.dcmed.2023.07.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcmed.2023.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To develop and optimize niosomal and proniosomal vesicular delivery systems for a naturally occurring polyphenol chlorogenic acid (CGA), so as to improve its physicochemical properties and permeability, which may enhance its pharmacological activity.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The formulated CGA niosomes (CGANs) and CGA proniosomes (CGAPNs) were primed by thin film hydration and phase separation coacervation methods, and were characterized with different attributes including particle size, morphology, entrapment efficiency, zeta potential, deformability, <em>in vitro</em> diffusion, <em>ex vivo</em> permeability, and long-term stability. Their efficiency was further evaluated with <em>in vitro</em> antioxidant assay, antibacterial assays, and excision wound healing model in rats.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Optimized CGANs and CGAPNs showed spherical vesicles with particle size of 490.1 ± 43.0 and 280.0 ± 22.0 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) values of 0.526 and 0.173, and stable zeta potential values of - 29.3 ± 6.4 and - 33.2 ± 6.5 mV, respectively. The CGANs and CGAPNs vesicles showed higher entrapment (98.27% ± 0.46% &amp; 97.27% ± 0.25%) with good deformability (8.77 ± 0.22 &amp; 6.87 ± 0.17), higher <em>in vitro</em> diffusion (97.96% ± 1.67% &amp; 91.00% ± 1.32%), and permeability coefficient values (67 × 10^-3 ± 1.72 &amp; 52 × 10^-3 ± 1.09) with long-term stability in comparison with plain CGA. Enhanced 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and Fe^{2 +} chelation ability was obtained with CGAPNs &gt; CGANs. They also demonstrated lethal bactericidal activity on different gram positive and gram negative strains with lower minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values (8 × and 16 × times less) as compared with plain CGA. Significant reduction (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) in wound area with higher wound contraction percentages on day 9 was observed with CGANPs (99.56%) &gt; CGANs (98.44%) in comparison with marketed (92.89%) and CGA (88.89%) hydrogel.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>These results show great potential of CGANs and CGAPNs for topical wound healing application. This is the first study of CGA in niosomal and proniosomal topical delivery systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33578,"journal":{"name":"Digital Chinese Medicine","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 170-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49765196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}