{"title":"Polymorphism of KIR Genes in Women with Human Papillomavirus Infection","authors":"García Ng","doi":"10.23880/vij-16000319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/vij-16000319","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular biology screening techniques for early detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the National CervicalUterine Cancer Program in Cuba provide the opportunity to treat premalignant lesions and prevent progression to cervicaluterine cancer. Objectives: To identify 14 high-risk HPV genotypes in women aged 30 to 50 with negative previous cytology and to identify the polymorphism of killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genes in a subsample of HPV-positive women. Methods: HPV screening tests were performed on 3,115 women using the COBAS 4800 system with the HPV COBAS kit (Roche, Germany). For KIR gene typing, 60 randomly selected HPV-positive women were analyzed using a molecular method based on hybridization probes on a LUMINEX flow analyzer with the LIFECODES KIR-SSO typing kit (Immucor, USA). Results: 295 (9.5%) women tested positive for one of the 14 high-risk genotypes. The highest percentage of positive women was found among those aged 30 to 39 years (12.0%). Fourteen women had coinfection with HPV16 or HPV18 along with another highrisk genotype. There was a high frequency of genes encoding activating receptors such as KIR 2DL1 (98.3%), KIR 2DL3 (98.3%), and KIR 2DS4*all full length (93.3%). Conclusions: The prevalence of HPV in Cuban women with normal cytology is lower than the global average, with activating KIR genes predominating among positive cases.","PeriodicalId":334586,"journal":{"name":"Virology & Immunology Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130560483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Molecular Docking and Dynamic Analyses of 3',5-Dihydroxy4',6,7-Trimethoxyflavanone, Isovitexin-2'-O-Rhamnoside, Solafuranone, (R)-5,3'-Dimethyl hesperidin, Phloretin 3',5'-Di-C -glucoside, Isomargaritene, Margaritene and Clemomandshuricoside B for Potential COVID-19 Therapy","authors":"Serap Yalcin","doi":"10.23880/vij-16000326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/vij-16000326","url":null,"abstract":"Covid-19 (SARS-CoV-2), a new type of coronavirus, first appeared in the Chinese city of Wuhan in December 2019 and has become the main cause of the pandemic today. Although molecular studies continue, vaccination studies are not sufficient. In this Covid-19 process, which provides further increase in antiviral drug discoveries, we perform ligand-protein interactions in order to find an antiviral active substance with this study, Autodock. We present the analyzes based on the comparison of 8 different ligands(3',5-Dihydroxy-4',6,7-trimethoxyflavanone, Isovitexin-2'-O-rhamnoside, Solafuranone, (R)-5,3'-Dimethyl hesperidin, Phloretin 3',5'-Di-C-glucoside, Isomargaritene, Margaritene and Clemomandshuricoside B) based on the 6LU7 protein. It was observed that the molecules were bound by interacting with the main protease of Covid-19. Thus, we aim to be a reference with you in this article for further studies that enable ligands to create drug potential. Our results will serve as a reference for this molecular docking study","PeriodicalId":334586,"journal":{"name":"Virology & Immunology Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139361635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Power of Viruses The COVID-19-Pandemic: A Harbinger of a Disastrous Geopolitics","authors":"Vogt Pr","doi":"10.23880/vij-16000329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/vij-16000329","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":334586,"journal":{"name":"Virology & Immunology Journal","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139362149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Targeting Spike Protein: Modified Antibody for Broad-Spectrum Binding to Coronaviruses: An In Silico Study","authors":"Rai Rc","doi":"10.23880/vij-16000324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/vij-16000324","url":null,"abstract":"An antibody-mediated immune response against the Spike protein is one of the potential ways to target the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The discovery of a highly effective vaccine or an antiviral drug that specifically targets the viral entry or its replication pathway, are commonly pursued as a way to combat COVID-19-like situation. The SARS-CoV-2 virus has RNA as its genetic material, which is known for its high mutation rate. This makes the efficiency and efficacy of the vaccine against it suboptimal later due to the continuous mutations in the epitope region of the virus. This was evident in the case of the spread of the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant. Here we tested an in-silico approach towards finding an antibody that has the potential to recognise and bind against the Spike protein of the virus across most of the variants. We achieved this by altering the sequences of the VDJ region in the heavy and light chains of the natural human antibody against the Spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus (Wuhan, PDB ID: 7BWJ). This was one of the first antibodies to be studied and published along with a crystal structure during mid2020, and known to have the ability to bind and neutralize the Wuhan isolate. Iterative substitutions were induced in the 7BWJ antibody sequence in different combinations. After 28 iterations, a potential antibody was found to bind across the variants with a comparatively higher docking score. This antibody also showed the potential to target the Spike protein of many members of Coronaviruses.","PeriodicalId":334586,"journal":{"name":"Virology & Immunology Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139362096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"AstraZeneca Covid-19 Vaccine Reaction after a Second Dose Administration: A Case Study in Eldoret, Kenya","authors":"Kwena Avm","doi":"10.23880/vij-16000315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/vij-16000315","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":334586,"journal":{"name":"Virology & Immunology Journal","volume":"280 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116567366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Complicated Relationship between Cancer Disease and Viral Infection: Facts and Understanding","authors":"Hassan Bar","doi":"10.23880/vij-16000313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/vij-16000313","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental, lifestyle, host-related, infectious, and genetic factors have all been connected to the oncogenic process. Knowing what causes cancer and what variables increase one's risk is crucial for targeting screening and prevention efforts towards high-risk populations. Infectious agents have been identified as a significant preventable risk factor for cancer among various other risk factors. Among this cohort, viruses are the predominant etiological agents implicated in the pathogenesis of neoplastic disorders in humans.","PeriodicalId":334586,"journal":{"name":"Virology & Immunology Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129938853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inhibiting the Fusion of Enveloped Viruses","authors":"Jacobs A","doi":"10.23880/vij-16000312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/vij-16000312","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":334586,"journal":{"name":"Virology & Immunology Journal","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116572998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Undetermined Implications of Islamic Veil Practicing for COVID-19 Diagnosis and Treatment","authors":"Rastmanesh R","doi":"10.23880/vij-16000314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/vij-16000314","url":null,"abstract":"A recent systematic review demonstrated that among different religions, the association between COVID-19 risks and religious practice was different in terms of transmission, mitigation and adaptation to COVID-19. We argue that this difference might be partially correlated with strict full face and level of Islamic veiling practice. Strict full face veil techniques intuitively and practically mimic wearing facemasks, thus providing a protective role against COVID-19 viral exposure. It however prevents sufficient sunlight exposure needed to synthesis enough vitamin D in the skin, which is as an important factor in COVID-19 prevention and treatment. This letter specifically and intentionally focused on Islamic countries; however, its implications cover similar religious practices and settings. Based on preliminary observations from Iran and Arab countries, we will show that despite similar lower vitamin D status, veiling practice and full-face-veil-wearing probably put a protective –meanwhile differential- effect against COVID-19 cases and deaths.","PeriodicalId":334586,"journal":{"name":"Virology & Immunology Journal","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123189599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dengue- A Global Threat; Need to be Halted with Sound Scientific Measures to Stop its Rapid Devastation throughout the World","authors":"S. Sh","doi":"10.23880/vij-16000309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/vij-16000309","url":null,"abstract":"Dengue virus belongs to family Flaviviridae and genus Flavivirus, transmitted primarly in a cycle through human beings and mosquito vector. The rate of incidence of dengue fever epidemics has reached to the highest, since past few years. Over a geologically expanding area, the level of hyperendemic transmission has been established. The person with sequential dengue infection is also victim of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) which is the most severs disease. The rate of incidence of DHF and the possibility of sequential infections has increased intensely, first of all in Asian countries and currently in America. The wide spreading of mosquito Aedes aegypti is even more alarming. As a consequence of insufficiency of antiviral drugs and potential vaccine, a large number of individuals are infected with severe dengue virus every year which causes huge death cases. Conclusion: Effective vector control measures are the only weapon against dengue these days, however effective potential drugs and vaccine are expected in future.","PeriodicalId":334586,"journal":{"name":"Virology & Immunology Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128474492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of Antibody Response in COVID-19 Recovered Population of Swat Kp, Pakistan","authors":"K. I","doi":"10.23880/vij-16000308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/vij-16000308","url":null,"abstract":"A novel coronavirus disease now known as the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It poses a huge challenge to the society, economy, and public health worldwide. At present, the antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 remain largely unknown especially in remote regions of developing countries. The objective of the study was to evaluate the antibody response in COVID-19 recovered patients and vaccinated individuals of district Swat. COBAS-511 machine was used for quantitative detection of COVID-19 antibodies in 3 cc venous blood collected from selected patients and was stored in collection tubes followed by subsequent centrifugation to separate the serum. Further to ensure the variable factors does not affect the accuracy of the study, 95 questionnaires were distributed where the participants were asked to disclose basic information (name, age, gender, address, area, COVID-19 test, vaccinated or nonvaccinated, signs and symptoms, antibiotics/antivirals used during the infection time) since it is important to confirm patients' health status and to clearly determine whether they can donate plasma. Participant’s age ranging from 15 to 63 were involved in these studies. As per findings of this study, people aged 45 to 55 years had high levels of antibodies against COVID-19. In age wise antibody response level women were found to have higher antibody levels than men. Among the variable factors, the most common pre-complications were heart disease and diabetes, such individuals had higher levels of anti-COVID-19 antibodies than those with no prior health complications. The level of antibodies was significantly higher in patients that received anti-COVID-19 vaccines post recovery as compared to those that did not receive vaccine. However further study will be required to validate these preliminary observations.","PeriodicalId":334586,"journal":{"name":"Virology & Immunology Journal","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114298423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}