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Spectrum Occupancy Measurements in the 2.3-2.4 GHz band: Guidelines for Licensed Shared Access in Finland 2.3-2.4 GHz频段频谱占用测量:芬兰授权共享接入指南
EAI Endorsed Trans. Cogn. Commun. Pub Date : 2015-05-28 DOI: 10.4108/cogcom.1.2.e2
M. Höyhtyä, M. Matinmikko, Xianfu Chen, Juhani Hallio, J. Auranen, R. Ekman, J. Röning, Jan Engelberg, Juha Kalliovaara, Tanim M. Taher, Ali Riaz, D. Roberson
{"title":"Spectrum Occupancy Measurements in the 2.3-2.4 GHz band: Guidelines for Licensed Shared Access in Finland","authors":"M. Höyhtyä, M. Matinmikko, Xianfu Chen, Juhani Hallio, J. Auranen, R. Ekman, J. Röning, Jan Engelberg, Juha Kalliovaara, Tanim M. Taher, Ali Riaz, D. Roberson","doi":"10.4108/cogcom.1.2.e2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4108/cogcom.1.2.e2","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents results from spectrum occupancy measurements in the 2.3-2.4 GHz band at Turku, Finland. The band is currently under study in European regulation and standardization for mobile communication systems. We review the recently introduced Licensed Shared Access (LSA) concept as a potential means for making the 2.3-2.4 GHz band available for mobile communications on a shared basis while protecting the rights of the incumbent spectrum users. The spectrum occupancy measurements conducted in one location in Finland show that the use of this band is rather low indicating that there might be potential for mobile communication systems to share this band with the incumbents under the LSA approach. Based on the obtained knowledge about the use of the studied band in Finland we create a set of guidelines for LSA to make the operation efficient both from the technical and economic viewpoint.","PeriodicalId":334012,"journal":{"name":"EAI Endorsed Trans. Cogn. Commun.","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125437463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Switching Brains: Cloud-based Intelligent Resources Management for the Internet of Cognitive Things 切换大脑:基于云的认知物联网智能资源管理
EAI Endorsed Trans. Cogn. Commun. Pub Date : 2015-05-28 DOI: 10.4108/cogcom.1.2.e4
R. Francisco, A. Arsénio
{"title":"Switching Brains: Cloud-based Intelligent Resources Management for the Internet of Cognitive Things","authors":"R. Francisco, A. Arsénio","doi":"10.4108/cogcom.1.2.e4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4108/cogcom.1.2.e4","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive technologies can bring important benefits to our everyday life, enabling connected devices to do tasks that in the past only humans could do, leading to the Cognitive Internet of Things. Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks (WSAN) are often employed for communication between Internet objects. However, WSAN face some problems, namely sensors’ energy and CPU load consumption, which are common to other networked devices, such as mobile devices or robotic platforms. Additionally, cognitive functionalities often require large processing power, for running machine learning algorithms, computer vision processing, or behavioral and emotional architectures. Cloud massive storage capacity, large processing speeds and elasticity are appropriate to address these problems. This paper proposes a middleware that transfers flows of execution between devices and the cloud for computationally demanding applications (such as those integrating a robotic brain), to efficiently manage devices’ resources.","PeriodicalId":334012,"journal":{"name":"EAI Endorsed Trans. Cogn. Commun.","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117090798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
A Spectrum Allocation Mechanism Based on HJ-DQPSO for Cognitive Radio Networks 基于HJ-DQPSO的认知无线网络频谱分配机制
EAI Endorsed Trans. Cogn. Commun. Pub Date : 2015-05-25 DOI: 10.4108/icst.mobimedia.2015.259026
Zhu Jiang, Xiong Jiahao, Chen Hongcui, Han-Cheh Chao
{"title":"A Spectrum Allocation Mechanism Based on HJ-DQPSO for Cognitive Radio Networks","authors":"Zhu Jiang, Xiong Jiahao, Chen Hongcui, Han-Cheh Chao","doi":"10.4108/icst.mobimedia.2015.259026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4108/icst.mobimedia.2015.259026","url":null,"abstract":"In cognitive radio network model consisting of secondary users and primary users, in order to solve the difficult multi-objective spectrum allocation issue about maximizing network efficiency and users' fairness to access network, this paper proposes a new discrete multi-objective combinatorial optimization mechanism---HJ-DQPSO based on Hooke Jeeves (HJ) and Quantum Particle Swarm Optimization (QPSO) algorithm. The mechanism adopts HJ algorithm to local search to prevent falling into the local optimum, and proposes a discrete QPSO algorithm to match the discrete spectrum assignment model. The mechanism has the advantages of approximating optimal solution, rapid convergence, less parameters, avoiding falling into local optimum. Compared with existing spectrum assignment algorithms, the simulation results show that according to different optimization objectives, the HJ-DQPSO optimization mechanism for multi-objective optimization can better approximate optimal solution and converge fast. We can obtain a reasonable spectrum allocation scheme in the case of satisfying multiple optimization objectives.","PeriodicalId":334012,"journal":{"name":"EAI Endorsed Trans. Cogn. Commun.","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126385694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
A New Mechanism of Dynamic Spectrum Access Based on Restless Bandit Allocation Indices 基于不动频段分配指标的动态频谱接入新机制
EAI Endorsed Trans. Cogn. Commun. Pub Date : 2015-05-25 DOI: 10.4108/icst.mobimedia.2015.259029
Zhu Jiang, Han-Cheh Chao, Yang Lei, Haozhi Xiong
{"title":"A New Mechanism of Dynamic Spectrum Access Based on Restless Bandit Allocation Indices","authors":"Zhu Jiang, Han-Cheh Chao, Yang Lei, Haozhi Xiong","doi":"10.4108/icst.mobimedia.2015.259029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4108/icst.mobimedia.2015.259029","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the theory of Restless Multi-Armed Bandit model, a novel mechanism of dynamic spectrum access was proposed for the problem that how to coordinate multi-user access multi-channel which were idle. Firstly, take care of the sensing error must be exist in the practical network, the Whittle index policy which can deal with sensing error effectively was derived, in this policy, the users achieved one belief value for every channel based on the historical experience accumulation and chose the channels, which was need to sense and access, by considering the reward of immediate and future based on the belief values. Secondly, this paper used the multi-bid auction algorithm to deal with the collision among secondary users when they select the channels to improve the spectrum utilization. The simulation results demonstrate that, in the same environment, the cognitive users with the proposed mechanism have higher throughtput than the mechanism without dealing with sensing error or without multi-bid.","PeriodicalId":334012,"journal":{"name":"EAI Endorsed Trans. Cogn. Commun.","volume":"357 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123190467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Robust and Adaptive Block Tracking Method Based on Particle Filter 基于粒子滤波的鲁棒自适应块跟踪方法
EAI Endorsed Trans. Cogn. Commun. Pub Date : 2015-05-25 DOI: 10.4108/icst.mobimedia.2015.259098
Bin Sun, Zhi Liu, Haixia Zhang
{"title":"Robust and Adaptive Block Tracking Method Based on Particle Filter","authors":"Bin Sun, Zhi Liu, Haixia Zhang","doi":"10.4108/icst.mobimedia.2015.259098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4108/icst.mobimedia.2015.259098","url":null,"abstract":"In the field of video analysis and processing, object tracking is attracting more and more attention especially in traffic management, digital surveillance and so on. However problems such as objects' abrupt motion, occlusion and complex target structures would bring difficulties to academic study and engineering application. In this paper, a fragments-based tracking method using the block relationship coefficient is proposed. In this method, we use particle filter algorithm and object region is divided into blocks initially. The contribution of this method is that object features are not extracted just from a single block, the relationship between current block and its neighbor blocks are extracted to describe the variation of the block. Each block is weighted according to the block relationship coefficient when the block is voted on the most matched region in next frame. This method can make full use of the relationship between blocks. The experimental results demonstrate that our method can provide good performance in condition of occlusion and abrupt posture variation.","PeriodicalId":334012,"journal":{"name":"EAI Endorsed Trans. Cogn. Commun.","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121822046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cross-Layer Design for Two-Way Relaying Networks with Multiple Antennas 多天线双向中继网络的跨层设计
EAI Endorsed Trans. Cogn. Commun. Pub Date : 2015-05-25 DOI: 10.4108/icst.mobimedia.2015.259040
Zhuo Wu, Lei Wang
{"title":"Cross-Layer Design for Two-Way Relaying Networks with Multiple Antennas","authors":"Zhuo Wu, Lei Wang","doi":"10.4108/icst.mobimedia.2015.259040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4108/icst.mobimedia.2015.259040","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we developed a cross-layer design for two-way relaying (TWR) networks with multiple antennas, where two single antenna source nodes exchange information with the aid of one multiple antenna relay node. The proposed cross-layer design considers adaptive modulation (AM) and space-time block coding (STBC) at the physical layer with an automatic repeat request (ARQ) protocol at the data link layer, in order to maximize the spectral efficiency under specific delay and packet error ratio (PER) constraints. An MMSE-interference cancellation (IC) receiver is employed at the relay node, to remove the interference in the fist phase of the TWR transmission. The transmission mode is updated for each phase of the TWR transmission on a frame-by-frame basis, to match the time-varying channel conditions and exploit the system performance and throughput gain. Simulation results show that retransmission at the data link layer could alleviate rigorous error-control requirements at the physical layer, and thereby allows higher data transmission. As a result, cross-layer design helps to achieve considerable system spectral efficiency gain for TWR networks, compared to those without cross-layer design.","PeriodicalId":334012,"journal":{"name":"EAI Endorsed Trans. Cogn. Commun.","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133992683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Power Minimization through Packet Retention in Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks under Interference and Delay Constraints: An Optimal Stopping Approach 干扰和延迟约束下认知无线传感器网络中基于数据包保留的功率最小化:一种最优停止方法
EAI Endorsed Trans. Cogn. Commun. Pub Date : 2015-04-21 DOI: 10.4108/eai.5-4-2016.151144
Amr Y. Elnakeeb, H. Elsayed, M. Khairy
{"title":"Power Minimization through Packet Retention in Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks under Interference and Delay Constraints: An Optimal Stopping Approach","authors":"Amr Y. Elnakeeb, H. Elsayed, M. Khairy","doi":"10.4108/eai.5-4-2016.151144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.5-4-2016.151144","url":null,"abstract":"We consider the problem of power minimization in Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks (CRSN). The aim of this paper is twofold: First, we study the problem of packets retention in a queue with the aim of minimizing transmission power in delay-tolerant applications. The problem is classified as an optimal stopping problem. The optimal stopping rule has been derived as well. Optimal number of released packets is determined in each round through an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) optimization problem. This transmission paradigm is tested via simulations in an interference-free environment leading to a significant reduction in transmission power (at least ( 55 {%} )). Second, we address the problem of applying the scheme of packets retention through the Optimal Stopping Policy (OSP) to underlay CRSN where strict interference threshold does exist. Also, this problem is subjected to a delay constraint. Optimal number of released packets at this case is determined through another knapsack optimization problem that takes interference to Primary User (PU) into account. Extensive simulations that encompass dropped packet rate, Average Power per Transmitted Packet (APTP) and average consequent delay have been proposed. Simulations proved that our scheme outperforms traditional transmission method as far as dropped packet rate and APTP are substantially concerned, where end to end delay could be tolerated.","PeriodicalId":334012,"journal":{"name":"EAI Endorsed Trans. Cogn. Commun.","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117178835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Reputation-based Distributed District Scheduling Algorithm for Smart Grids 基于信誉的智能电网分布式区域调度算法
EAI Endorsed Trans. Cogn. Commun. Pub Date : 2014-10-27 DOI: 10.4108/cogcom.1.2.e3
D. Borra, M. Iori, Claudio Borean, F. Fagnani
{"title":"A Reputation-based Distributed District Scheduling Algorithm for Smart Grids","authors":"D. Borra, M. Iori, Claudio Borean, F. Fagnani","doi":"10.4108/cogcom.1.2.e3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4108/cogcom.1.2.e3","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we develop and test a distributed algorithm providing Energy Consumption Schedules (ECS) in smart grids for a residential district. The goal is to achieve a given aggregate load profile. The NP-hard constrained optimization problem reduces to a distributed unconstrained formulation by means of Lagrangian Relaxation technique, and a meta-heuristic algorithm based on a Quantum inspired Particle Swarm with Levy flights. A centralized iterative reputation-reward mechanism is proposed for end-users to cooperate to avoid power peaks and reduce global overload, based on random distributions simulating human behaviors and penalties on the effective ECS differing from the suggested ECS. Numerical results show the protocols effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":334012,"journal":{"name":"EAI Endorsed Trans. Cogn. Commun.","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124586872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Energy-Based Cooperative Spectrum Sensing of SC-FDMA Systems 基于能量的SC-FDMA系统协同频谱感知
EAI Endorsed Trans. Cogn. Commun. Pub Date : 2014-07-16 DOI: 10.4108/cogcom.1.1.e2
Fucheng Yang, Lie-liang Yang
{"title":"Energy-Based Cooperative Spectrum Sensing of SC-FDMA Systems","authors":"Fucheng Yang, Lie-liang Yang","doi":"10.4108/cogcom.1.1.e2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4108/cogcom.1.1.e2","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a frequency-hopping M-ary frequency-shift keying spectrum sensing network (FH/MFSK SSN) for identifying the on/off states of the users supported by a single-carrier frequency-division multiple assess (SC-FDMA) primary radio (PR) system. Specifically, the spectrums of an uplink interleaved frequency-division multiple access (IFDMA) PR system are monitored by a number of cognitive radio sensing nodes (CRSNs). These CRSNs distributedly detect the on/off states of users based on one of the three energy detection schemes. After the local spectrum sensing, the CRSNs transmit their detected states to a fusion centre (FC) with the aid of FH/MFSK techniques. At the FC, the on/off states of the users supported the IFDMA PR system are finally classified according to either the conventional equal-gain combining (EGC) scheme or the novel erasure-supported EGC (ES-EGC) scheme. In this way, the on/off information about the spectrums occupied by an IFDMA PR system can be obtained, so that they can be exploited by a cognitive radio (CR) system. For local spectrum sensing, in this paper, we consider four synchronisation scenarios concerning the synchronisation between the received IFDMA signals and the CRSNs. The performance of the FH/MFSK SSN associated with various schemes is investigated by simulations. Our studies show that the FH/MFSK SSN constitutes one of the highly reliable spectrum sensing schemes, which are capable of exploiting both the space diversity provided by local CRSNs and the frequency diversity provided by the subcarriers of IFDMA system. Received on 17 October 2013; accepted on 31 March 2013; published on 14 July 2014","PeriodicalId":334012,"journal":{"name":"EAI Endorsed Trans. Cogn. Commun.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130698401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Welcome Message from Editor-in-Chief 总编辑欢迎辞
EAI Endorsed Trans. Cogn. Commun. Pub Date : 2014-07-16 DOI: 10.4108/cogcom.1.1.e1
Tao Chen
{"title":"Welcome Message from Editor-in-Chief","authors":"Tao Chen","doi":"10.4108/cogcom.1.1.e1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4108/cogcom.1.1.e1","url":null,"abstract":"It is our great honour to introduce the inaugural issue of EAI Transactions on Cognitive Communications. It has been more than one decade since the creation of the cognitive radio concept. The research and development of cognitive communications have then been sparked. Now the new era of communications is coming. The year of 2014 will witness the beginning of the 5G era. It is the year where cognitive communications meet real applications. We hope our new released Transactions will contribute to this new development.","PeriodicalId":334012,"journal":{"name":"EAI Endorsed Trans. Cogn. Commun.","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126320437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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