International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Brinkman and Maiga's correlations of viscosity on forced convection turbulent flow","authors":"Praveen James Sanga ,&nbsp;Prabal Datta ,&nbsp;Arbind Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.108367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.108367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A numerical study on forced convection turbulent flow in a top-curved surface vented cavity is conducted to investigate the influence of uncertainties in the viscosity formulas using two different types of nanofluid i.e., water-Al₂O₃ and water-CuO. The Brinkman and Maiga et al. correlations for viscosity are employed to examine their effect on heat transfer and skin friction for a range of Reynolds number. A finite volume method using RNG k-ε turbulent model is considered for solving governing equations numerically. The outcomes of the present study exhibit significant difference in the average Nusselt number and average skin friction on the top-curved heated wall surface of the cavity for two viscosity models employed. For water-Al₂O₃ nanofluid, these differences are strongly dependent on volume fraction of nanoparticles as well as on the Reynolds number. In contrast, for water-CuO nanofluid, the difference in average Nusselt number is solely depended on Reynolds number while the average skin friction difference is vigorously reliant on volume fraction of the nanoparticles as well as on the Reynolds number.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 108367"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic response of thermoelasticity based on Green-Lindsay theory and Caputo-Fabrizio fractional-order derivative","authors":"Ying Guo,&nbsp;Pengjie Shi,&nbsp;Jianjun Ma,&nbsp;Fengjun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.108334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.108334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To extend the applicability and accuracy of the generalized thermoelasticity theory of thermoelasticity theory for one-dimensional problems involving a moving heat source, this study proposes a fractional-order thermoelasticity coupling theoretical model based on the Green-Lindsay theory and the Caputo-Fabrizio fractional-order derivative. The model's uniqueness and reciprocity are well established. To show its application, we analyzed the thermoelastic coupled dynamic response of a fixed-end rod subjected to a moving heat source. Using Laplace transforms and its numerical inverse method, the distribution patterns of non-dimensional displacement, temperature, and stress were obtained. A comprehensive analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of the fractional coefficient, two thermal relaxation time factors, and moving heat source speed on non-dimensional displacement, temperature, and stress. The findings reveal that the fractional coefficient and the speed of the moving heat source significantly influence all non-dimensional physical variables. While the two distinct thermal relaxation time factors have a minimal influence on the non-dimensional temperature, they exert a more pronounced effect on non-dimensional displacement and stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 108334"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linear stability of Rayleigh-Bénard-Poiseuille flow of water near 4°C in a channel bounded by slip walls","authors":"Aymen Benbeghila ,&nbsp;Riadh Ouzani ,&nbsp;Ammar Benderradji ,&nbsp;Zineddine Alloui ,&nbsp;Sofiane Khelladi","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.108370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.108370","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The onset of mixed convection of cold water in a horizontal channel is studied using linear stability analysis. The two walls of the channel are modeled using slip conditions and are maintained at different constant temperatures. A model with a parabolic relationship is used to predict the variation of density with temperature in the range around its maximum density. The finite difference method is used to solve numerically the linearized equations, and the critical eigenvalue is obtained using the iterative Newton-Raphson method. The effects of the dimensionless temperature ratio γ and the slip parameter Ω on the onset of thermal instabilities are studied. The obtained results showed that these two parameters induced modifications in the critical Rayleigh number and the corresponding critical wavenumber. The results also indicated that beyond a certain value of dimensionless temperature ratio the slip parameter of the upper wall no longer influences the critical threshold for the onset of mixed convection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 108370"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound Doppler velocimetry study of magnetoconvection on the heated vertical flat plate at low Hartmann number","authors":"Ravi Kant ,&nbsp;Avishek Ranjan ,&nbsp;Atul Srivastava ,&nbsp;Sarthak Sonkar","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.108297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.108297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using Ultrasound Doppler Velocimetry (UDV), magnetoconvection on a heated vertical flat plate is investigated with and without the influence of a transverse applied magnetic field, created by two strong permanent magnets placed sidewise to the plate. The relative positions of the two magnets lead to a configuration wherein the resultant magnetic field is in a direction that is normal to the temperature gradient field as well as to the flow. The working fluid is an aqueous salt solution (<span><math><mi>NaCl</mi></math></span> concentration of 5 % by weight) prepared in de-ionized water. In the measurement region, a quasi-uniform magnetic field distribution of 281 <span><math><mi>mT</mi></math></span> was obtained with the magnets in a custom-built magnet holder. COMSOL-based simulations were carried out for the experimental configuration to confirm the magnetic field distribution. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first attempt to successfully demonstrate the use of UDV for the non-intrusive mapping of the velocity boundary layer (VBL) in the vicinity of the heated flat plate, under a transverse magnetic field for a <span><math><mo>Pr</mo><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span> fluid. Simultaneously, a thermal probe (<em>k</em>-type thermocouple) is used to obtain the temperature profile inside the boundary layers. Measurements are carried out for a range of temperature differences (<span><math><mi>Δ</mi><mi>T</mi><mspace></mspace></math></span> = 5, 10, and 15 °C), corresponding to Rayleigh numbers (<em>Ra</em>) between 5.22 × 10⁷ to 2.11 × 10⁸, and Hartmann number (<span><math><mi>Ha</mi></math></span>) of <span><math><mn>2.3</mn></math></span>. Experimental observations reveal the maximum velocity near the hot wall and an increase in the average Nusselt number (<em>Nu</em>) due to the effect of the externally applied magnetic field, even at low <span><math><mi>Ha</mi></math></span>. A plausible explanation for the observed trend has been provided based on the measurements made. The experimentally measured average Nusselt numbers compare well with standard correlations available in the open literature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 108297"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142699573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal conductivity in MoSi₂N₄(MoN)ₙ: Insights into phonon scattering and transport","authors":"Yunzhen Du ,&nbsp;Kunling Peng ,&nbsp;Jizheng Duan ,&nbsp;Meiling Qi ,&nbsp;Yanwei Chen ,&nbsp;Changwei Hao ,&nbsp;Wenshan Duan ,&nbsp;Lei Yang ,&nbsp;Sheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Ping Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.108361","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.108361","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As nanoelectronics devices continue to shrink in size and increase in integration, managing heat effectively becomes essential for maintaining their stable operation. Two-dimensional (2D) materials, characterized by their superior thermal conductivity, and mechanical flexibility are considered excellent options for thermal management purposes. This study explores the thermal transport properties of 2D sandwich material MoSi₂N₄(MoN)_n(<em>n</em> = 0–4) using Density Functional Theory and Neural Network Potential. We found that adding a layer of (MoN) on MoSi₂N₄ to form MoSi₂N₄(MoN)₁ results in a significant decrease in thermal conductivity. We have provided a reasonable explanation for this phenomenon, discovering that it is due to the addition of a layer of (MoN) significantly shortening the phonon lifetime and the average free path of phonons. Furthermore, the addition of a layer of (MoN) leads to an increase in anharmonicity. However, when we continue to add more layers of (MoN), we find that the thermal conductivity no longer shows a significant decrease, but only a slight reduction. This indicates that as more layers of (MoN) are added, the scattering mechanisms reach saturation. These findings reveal the unique thermal behavior of 2D sandwich materials and offer valuable insights for their application in heat energy utilization and thermal management technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 108361"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical analysis of MHD combined convection for enhanced CPU cooling in NEPCM-filled a trapezoidal cavity","authors":"Ahmed M. Hassan ,&nbsp;Mohammed Azeez Alomari ,&nbsp;Qusay H. Al-Salami ,&nbsp;Faris Alqurashi ,&nbsp;Mujtaba A. Flayyih ,&nbsp;Abdellatif M. Sadeq","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.108343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.108343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the cooling of a central processing unit (CPU) using a nano-encapsulated phase change material (NEPCM)-water mixture in a trapezoidal cavity with rotating cylinders and baffles. A numerical model based on the finite element method (FEM) is employed to solve the governing equations. The system is subjected to a sinusoidal temperature profile from the CPU and a constant magnetic field. Key parameters examined include Reynolds number (<em>Re</em>: 10–100), Richardson number (<em>Ri</em>: 0.1–10), Hartmann number (<em>Ha</em>: 5–80), NEPCM volume fraction (<em>ϕ</em>: 0.015–0.035), Lewis number (<em>Le</em>: 0.1–10), buoyancy ratio (<em>Nz</em>: 1–5), NEPCM fusion temperature (<em>θ</em>_<em>f</em>: 0.1–0.9), and Stefan number (<em>Ste</em>: 0.1–0.9). Results show that increasing <em>Re</em> and <em>Ri</em> significantly enhances heat and mass transfer, with the average Nusselt number (<em>Nu</em>_<em>av</em>) increasing by up to 80.5 % and average Sherwood number (<em>Sh</em>_<em>av</em>) by up to 147.9 %. The magnetic field suppresses convection, reducing <em>Nu</em>_<em>av</em> by 12.7 % and <em>Sh</em>_<em>av</em> by 39.5 % as <em>Ha</em> increases. Increasing <em>ϕ</em> improves heat transfer (<em>Nu</em>_<em>av</em> up by 32.5 %) with minimal effect on mass transfer. <em>Le</em> strongly influences mass transfer, with <em>Sh</em>_<em>av</em> increasing by 284.6 % as <em>Le</em> increases. The NEPCM fusion temperature exhibits a non-monotonic effect on <em>Nu</em>_<em>av</em>, with an optimal value at <em>θ</em>_<em>f</em> = 0.5. In conclusion, the study reveals complex interactions between parameters, with <em>Re</em>, <em>Ri</em>, and <em>Le</em> having the most significant impacts on system performance. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing CPU cooling systems using NEPCM-water mixtures and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 108343"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical investigation and optimization of heterogeneous-homogeneous coupled condensation in steam turbines of tower solar power system","authors":"Guojie Zhang ,&nbsp;Qiang Zuo ,&nbsp;Jiaheng Chen ,&nbsp;Zunlong Jin ,&nbsp;Sławomir Dykas ,&nbsp;Mirosław Majkut ,&nbsp;Krystian Smołka","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.108336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.108336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The significant potential for stage efficiency improvement is in steam turbines of solar thermal power plants, which operate in difficult atmospheric conditions contributing to the high pressure in the condenser and steam impurities. Presented study aims to examine the influence of three steam impurities on the condensing flow through turbine stage rotor. Firstly, the modified condensation model is validated using experimental data. Next, the flow characteristics and losses of pure steam and steam containing heterogeneous particles in three-dimensional turbine are investigated separately, and the effects of particles on the flow process and system performance are analyzed. Finally, the effect of backpressure on the condensation flow and the turbine performance is investigated. The results reveal that homogeneous condensation predominantly occurs at higher blade height, NaCl particles have the most significant impact on condensation. At a particle concentration of <span><math><msup><mn>10</mn><mn>15</mn></msup></math></span> <span><math><mfenced><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mi>kg</mi></mrow></mfenced></math></span>, the thermal efficiency of heterogeneous condensation on solid particles and tiny droplets increases by 1.6 % and 2.3 %, respectively, compared to homogeneous condensation. Conversely, NaCl particles exhibit a reduction of 0.2 %. Lastly, by strategically raising the backpressure, it is feasible to decrease the humidity on the final stage blades, enhancing thermal efficiency and ultimately optimizing tower solar power generation system operation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 108336"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical study of changes in the mechanical and thermal property of porous silicon sample with increasing initial temperature: A molecular dynamics approach","authors":"Shupeng Liu ,&nbsp;Ali B.M. Ali ,&nbsp;Muntadher Abed Hussein ,&nbsp;Anjan Kumar ,&nbsp;Dilsora Abduvalieva ,&nbsp;Hadeel Kareem Abdul-Redha ,&nbsp;Soheil Salahshour ,&nbsp;Nafiseh Emami","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.108339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.108339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The mechanical and thermal properties of porous silicon samples were examined in this investigation in relation to their initial temperature (Temp). The molecular dynamics (MD) numerical simulation method was employed to analyze the results, and LAMMPS software was used to model the porous sample. The simulations conducted in the present study predicted the physical equilibrium of porous silicon samples that were modeled. The research results indicate that the ultimate strength and Young's modulus of porous structures decreased from 26.559 and 52.484 GPa to 25.830 and 52.304 GPa as the Temp increased from 300 to 500 K. The results indicate that the toughness decreased from 10.788 eV/ų to 10.195 eV/ų as the initial Temp increased to 500 K. Additionally, MSD and diffusion coefficient of porous silicon sample increased from 3.88 nm² and 27.86 nm²/ns to 8.67 nm2 and 75.56 nm²/ns when the Temp increased from 300 K to 500 K. As the Temp increases to 500 K, the COM increases from 0.236 to 0.41 Å. The total energy of system decreases to −29,259.648 eV when the initial Temp of the porous silicon sample increases to 500 K. Changes in the atomic-scale dynamics and the structural properties of porous silicon network were responsible for this tendency. This study's novelty lies in its focus on the unknown relationship between Temp and porous silicon performance. The results of this study indicate that the Temp had a significant effect on the mechanical and thermal properties of porous silicon samples. These findings are necessary to advance the practical use of porous silicon in various technological fields, especially in Temp-sensitive applications, where understanding its behavior under different thermal conditions is very important.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 108339"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OpenFOAM modelling of air ingress into the high vacuum for fusion reactor safety","authors":"Kaiqi Liang ,&nbsp;Zhibin Chen ,&nbsp;Kui Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.108349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.108349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The underexpanded jet induced by loss of vacuum accidents (LOVA) can significantly impact the fusion reactor management, since it poses safety problems associated with hydrogen risks and radioactivity to the environment. To characterize the air ingress process into the high vacuum environment, simulations were performed with OpenFOAM modelling in a representative small-scale fusion facility. The general features of the thermodynamic parameters, such as density, pressure, velocity, and temperature, were analyzed, and also characterized the wall friction velocity and the formation of the Mach disk within the underexpanded jet. Proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) method was applied to compare the fluid dynamic behaviors of the jet subjected to different thermodynamic conditions. The results show that the rapid expansion and acceleration of the jet leads to a decrease in density and an accumulation of the gas along the centerline. The high jet velocity will result in a lower jet temperature and raise the temperature of the surroundings, which also triggers the formation of recirculation zones, and the gradual development of Mach disk structure, also, the higher wall friction velocity will further contribute to the complex air ingress dynamics. Moreover, it is observed that the ideal gas and real gas model appear similar fluid dynamic structures and energy modes during the pressure and velocity development, and only subtle differences appear in the low energy contribution POD modes. The main differences of the energy modes are captured in the momentum field between these different thermodynamic conditions. The observations can contribute to fusion safety management and appropriate thermodynamic modelling selection in such applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 108349"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance enhancement of steam ejector via novel primary nozzle bypass: CFD analysis","authors":"Mohamed Alanwar ,&nbsp;Ahmed A. Hassan ,&nbsp;Mohamed A. Abdelatief ,&nbsp;Emad Z. Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Mohamed L. Elsayed","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.108348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.108348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Steam ejectors are a promising energy-saving technology. Therefore, enhancing their relatively low entrainment performance is essential for expanding their industrial applications. In the present study, a novel ejector design, in which an annular cavity bypass is used in the primary nozzle, has been proposed to improve the entrainment performance of steam ejectors. CFD simulations by ANSYS Fluent 2020R2 are conducted on the proposed steam ejector to investigate the influence of bypass-related geometric parameters (position, width, and divergence angles before and after the bypass) on its entrainment performance under constant operating conditions. The main finding in the present study is that the proposed ejector performs better than the conventional ejector, where the proposed ejector achieves a maximum enhancement of <span><math><mn>10.4</mn><mo>%</mo></math></span> in entrainment performance and <span><math><mn>4.5</mn><mo>%</mo></math></span> in critical back pressure. The parametric study shows that the best values for the bypass position (<span><math><mi>ψ</mi></math></span>), width (<span><math><mi>δ</mi></math></span>), and divergence angles after bypass (<span><math><mi>θ</mi></math></span>) and before bypass (<span><math><mi>β</mi></math></span>) are <span><math><mn>0.54</mn></math></span>, <span><math><mn>0.146</mn></math></span>, <span><math><msup><mn>7.1</mn><mo>°</mo></msup></math></span>, and <span><math><msup><mn>7.6</mn><mo>°</mo></msup></math></span>, respectively. Moreover, the bypass position has the most significant contribution to the entrainment performance improvement, followed by the divergence angle before the bypass. While the divergence angle after the bypass has a minimal effect on the ejector performance and the bypass width demonstrates an insignificant impact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 108348"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}