{"title":"Recognition Of 3-dimensional Environment For A Mobile Robot Using Structured Light","authors":"S. J. Lee, M. Chung","doi":"10.1109/IROS.1989.637885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.1989.637885","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we develop a robust and simple structured light sensory system which is composed of a CCD camera and a laser scanner. The laser scanner projects a horizontal stripe and vertically rotates the stripe by a fixed step to cover thc whole scene. At each vertical angle of the stripe, the stereoscopically located camera views the stripe pattem, and the 3-D position values of the stripe are computed. Since mobile robots usually handlc hugc amount 01 range data, we propose a data manipulation tcchniquc and an effective modeling method to reduce the time required for path planning and necessary memory capacity. We implement these methods to a personal computer to show the feasibility of real-time navigation. Experiments in diverse situations show the effectiveness of the structured light sensor and relevant data manipulation methods for a mobile robot.","PeriodicalId":332317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE/RSJ International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems '. (IROS '89) 'The Autonomous Mobile Robots and Its Applications","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134236307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development Of Positioning Systems For Autonomous Robots On Construction Sites","authors":"J. Salagnac","doi":"10.1109/IROS.1989.637898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.1989.637898","url":null,"abstract":"Construction is a potential field of applications for autonomous robots. For some years, experimental mobile robots have been developed, mainly in Japan, to perform various construction tasks. Our laboratory has developed, with french partners, the first european autonomous mobile robot for finishing work in buildings named \"SOFFITO\" , Autonomous manipulators are also on the way 1-0 ho dovclopod an well as oxcilvators or asacmbly manipulators for walls erection for instance. All these applications require at least one reliable real time positioning system. This point is essential and special efforts must be made to develop economical positioning systems. The characteristics of these positioning systems depend mainly on the application considered : the measurement range, the speed and acceleration of the robot, the outdoor conditions vary greatly from one application to the other. From our experience, we consider that this complex problem can be solved under laboratory conditions by many existing systems including stereo vision and other sophisticated techniques. As far as construction site conditions are considered and the economical constraints are taken into account, nearly none of these existing solutions is suitable. Our approach is to consider together the construction process and the autonomous robot system. The advantage is that the complex pozitioning problem cnri ho split. in two pilrt.~ : - one is transfered to the construction process, whore special equipmcnts participdtirig in the positioning can be integrated with non significant extra-cost regarding to nowaday construction techniques ;","PeriodicalId":332317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE/RSJ International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems '. (IROS '89) 'The Autonomous Mobile Robots and Its Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130094758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Blackboard System To Assist Telerobotic Task","authors":"Mireille Arnoux, Marie-Claude Thomas","doi":"10.1109/IROS.1989.637960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.1989.637960","url":null,"abstract":"The topic of this paper is on the computer aided teleoperation and, in the long range, on the autonomous robotics. It describes an experimental system the aim of which is to assist a human operator looking after a robotized task. The cooperation of various knowledge sources is visualized on a graphic screen. This screen practically becomes a representation of a blackboard. The blackboard architecture is defined as a globally accessible database which is shared by the knowledge sources and it contains a partial solution at each time of its utilization . Some applications for robotics have been proposed, especially with the scheduling of expert modules: planning module, image analysis, sensory data fusion. In the application we are studying, the database is composed of concurent objects and a partial solution is to be understood as an intermediate state of the task carrying-out. The knowledge sources are attached to the model of the objects they are concerned with. From the teleoperation point of view, the operator can read and write the defined \"objects\". The objects representing robotics devices and their environment are easy to read and allow him to situate his intervention. It must be emphasized that this view above the execution space is extended with meta-knowledge : the running plan, the function of the current action (execution, monitoring, automatic recovery, natural mode) . To achieve this, an instrumental panel, a window for the plan in progress, and other windows for switching beetween modes (planning, master, slave, emergency) are added to the central scene of the real or simulate task.","PeriodicalId":332317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE/RSJ International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems '. (IROS '89) 'The Autonomous Mobile Robots and Its Applications","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123703753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Local Path Planning And Motion Control For Agv In Positioning","authors":"A. Takahashi, T. Hongo, Y. Ninomiya, G. Sugimoto","doi":"10.1109/IROS.1989.637936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.1989.637936","url":null,"abstract":"Local-path-planning-method has been proposed for positioning autonomous guided vehicles ( AGVs). This method minimizes the cost function to constrain AGV's sudden accel- eration change (jerk). The method allows AGVs to malie the velocity and the curvature of the local path continuous, so that AGVs can smoothly travcl along the path. The mcthod was iriil)lcrrioritctl on tlie CI'U of an cxpciiriic.iitnl vcliic.lc tor posi- tioniiig. It was shown that tlic cxpciiiiicntal vcliiclc ~oiiltl plan the local path in rcal time and travel along the path.","PeriodicalId":332317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE/RSJ International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems '. (IROS '89) 'The Autonomous Mobile Robots and Its Applications","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122316844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Active Suspension Four-wheel Model For A Terrain Robot","authors":"K. Tanie, Nobumasa Shirai","doi":"10.1109/IROS.1989.637938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.1989.637938","url":null,"abstract":"For a wheeled robotic vehicle that runs over a rough terrain, keeping its body stable during the run is desirable. For that purpose we built an active suspension four-wheel model and made experiments of the body attitude control during a run over a model rough road. The results showed significant suppression of the body attitude deviation by the control.","PeriodicalId":332317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE/RSJ International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems '. (IROS '89) 'The Autonomous Mobile Robots and Its Applications","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121136196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A General Structure for Mobile Robot Action Control","authors":"F. Noreils, R. Chatila","doi":"10.1109/IROS.1989.637957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.1989.637957","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":332317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE/RSJ International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems '. (IROS '89) 'The Autonomous Mobile Robots and Its Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115485661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Potential Approach For A Point Mobile Robot On An Implicit Potential Field Without The Generation Of Local Minima","authors":"H. Noborio, S. Wazumi, S. Fukuda, S. Arimoto","doi":"10.1109/IROS.1989.637889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.1989.637889","url":null,"abstract":"A number of potential approaches have been presented to move a mobile robot at a given goal p oint after the point r obot is placed on an arbitrary point in the workspace. In general, they control the robot according to a force generated from a potential field wiLh an rxplicit function. To arrivr thr robot at thr goal poinL certainly, Lhc approach must prepare a potential field without any local minimum except for the global minimum at the goal point in the workspace. With respect to the calculation time, however, it is difficult for us to represent the potential field by any explicit function. From this point of view, we propose a type of the approach to define a force field by an i mplicit function, which is similar to a potential field. In this approach, we require no calculation time for selecting and transforming the function so as not to have any local minimum. As a result, the proposed approach is superior to previous potential approaches since it moves the robot at the goal p oint surely without hard p re-processing for e xplicit construction of the potential field.","PeriodicalId":332317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE/RSJ International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems '. (IROS '89) 'The Autonomous Mobile Robots and Its Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130846477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Onoguchi, Mutsumi Watanabe, Y. Okamoto, H. Asada
{"title":"Visual Navigation System for a Mobile Robot","authors":"K. Onoguchi, Mutsumi Watanabe, Y. Okamoto, H. Asada","doi":"10.1109/IROS.1989.637963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.1989.637963","url":null,"abstract":"This paper p r e s e n t s a v i s u a l n a v i g a t i o n system f o r a r o b o t working i n a n u c l e a r power p l a n t . Such a system should have two f u n c t i o n s . One i s t o p r o v i d e a rough environment map o r d i r e c t i o n s towards a g o a l , such a s t u r n i n g l e f t a t t h e second c o r n e r . The o t h e r is t o a v o i d o b s t a c l e s and t o f i n d a passage f o r a cont inuous movement o f t h e r o b o t . The o p e r a t i o n of t h e system is d i v i d e d i n t o two s t a g e s . I n t h e f i r s t s t a g e , a MIL(mu1ti-information l o c a l ) map d e s c r i b i n g t h e s e v e r a l in format ion necessary f o r a s e l f l o c a t i o n measurement i s c r e a t e d i n t e r a c t i v e l y from s t e r e o images c o l l e c t e d d u r i n g remote-cont ro l led n a v i g a t i o n . The second s t a g e i s autonomous n a v i g a t i o n . The r o b o t moves autonomously by u s i n g t h e map w i t h t h e a i d of t h e second f u n c t i o n of t h e system. The system c o n s i s t s of f i v e subsystems : an environment t e a c h i n g subsystem, a s e l f l o c a t i o n measurement subsystem, an o b s t a c l e d e t e c t i o n subsystem, a p a t h p l a n n i n g subsystem, and a p a t h fo l lowing subsystem. The environment t e a c h i n g subsystem c r e a t e s an environment map: t h e s e l f l o c a t i o n measurement subsystem g i v e s t h e l o c a t i o n o f t h e r o b o t by comparing t h e i n p u t image and t h e map i n f o r m a t i o n . The o t h e r t h r e e subsystems s u p p o r t autonomous n a v i g a t i o n . The system h a s been implemented on a mobile r o b o t . Exper imenta l r e s u l t s have shown t h e u s e f u l n e s s of t h e proposed system.","PeriodicalId":332317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE/RSJ International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems '. (IROS '89) 'The Autonomous Mobile Robots and Its Applications","volume":"2012 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133705491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Navigation Strategies For Multiple Autonomous Mobile Robots Moving In Formation","authors":"P. K. Wang","doi":"10.1109/IROS.1989.637948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.1989.637948","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of deriving navigation strategies for a fleet of autonomous mobile robots moving in formation is considered. Here, each robot is represented by a particle with a spherical effective spatial domain and a specified cone of visibility. The global motion of each robot in the world space is described by the equations of motion of the robot's center of mass. First, methods for formation generation are discussed. Then, simple navigation strategies for robots moving in formation are derived. A sufficient condition for the stability of a desired formation pattern for a fleet of robots each equipped with the navigation strategy based on nearest neighbor tracking is developed. The dynamic behavior of robot fleets consisting of three or more robots moving in formation in a plane is studied by means of computer simulation.","PeriodicalId":332317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE/RSJ International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems '. (IROS '89) 'The Autonomous Mobile Robots and Its Applications","volume":"283 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132404636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Caillas, M. Hebert, E. Krotkov, In-So Kweon, T. Kanade
{"title":"Methods for Identifying Footfall Positions for a Legged Robot","authors":"C. Caillas, M. Hebert, E. Krotkov, In-So Kweon, T. Kanade","doi":"10.1109/IROS.1989.637914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.1989.637914","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":332317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE/RSJ International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems '. (IROS '89) 'The Autonomous Mobile Robots and Its Applications","volume":"179 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134268820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}