{"title":"Behavior Control for a Mobile Robot by Dual-Hierarchical Neural Network","authors":"M. Sekiguchi, S. Nagata, K. Asakawa","doi":"10.1109/IROS.1989.637896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.1989.637896","url":null,"abstract":"A mobile robot which behavior is controlled by a structured neural network and its learning algorithm are presented. The robot has 4 wheels and travels with 2 motors. Twelve sensors are used for detecting internal conditions and environmental changes. These sensor signals are input to the input layer of the network, and the network outputs motor control signals. The network model is divided into two sub-networks connected each other with short term memotys to process a series of behavior pattems. The robot can learn various habits by changing the patterns to be taught. For one example, we made our robot playcops-and-robbers game. Through training, the robots learned habits such as capture and escape.","PeriodicalId":332317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE/RSJ International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems '. (IROS '89) 'The Autonomous Mobile Robots and Its Applications","volume":"23 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132360672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Security Guard Robot Which Patrols Map Information","authors":"T. Kajiwara, J. Yamaguchi, J. Kanemoto","doi":"10.1109/IROS.1989.637950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.1989.637950","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":332317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE/RSJ International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems '. (IROS '89) 'The Autonomous Mobile Robots and Its Applications","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117031600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Protective Autonomy For Improved Remote Control Of Robot-vehicles","authors":"B. Steer","doi":"10.1109/IROS.1989.637962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.1989.637962","url":null,"abstract":"Intelligent robots will possess data processing activities which will enable them to respond to information with behaviour which appears to be optimal with respect to preset goals. The information will include both state and process. The robot’s intelligence will be a function of the amount, variety, and complexity of its informational input, its storage capacity, the number and complexity of its goals, the degree of optimality achieved in attaining these goals, the amount and complexity of the output instructions involved in the response, and the position on a scale strategic/tactical of the activity involved. Intelligent robots in the sense outlined above do not yet exist, and when they do they will need to possess many autonomous skills. To meet this challenge an autonomous skill which will benefit robot-vehicles is one which gives the system the ability to survive. This skill is summarised by the term Protective Autonomy. The long term goal of this programme of work is to provide a robot-vehicle with algorithms which support the strategic behaviour of homing to a spatial goal that is beyond the sensor horizon, and which concurrently utilise tactical observations made from within the sensor horizon to ensure that the execution of the output instructions result in both the safe movement within the sensor horizon and the achievement of the strategic goal seeking","PeriodicalId":332317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE/RSJ International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems '. (IROS '89) 'The Autonomous Mobile Robots and Its Applications","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133209372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Determination of The Position of A Freely Moving Robot Vehicle by Means of Sensing A Mark Pattern","authors":"Kouichi Teraya","doi":"10.1109/IROS.1989.637910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.1989.637910","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":332317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE/RSJ International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems '. (IROS '89) 'The Autonomous Mobile Robots and Its Applications","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124728802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ultrasonic Autonomous Robot Localisation System","authors":"L. Kleeman","doi":"10.1109/IROS.1989.637909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.1989.637909","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":332317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE/RSJ International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems '. (IROS '89) 'The Autonomous Mobile Robots and Its Applications","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122402101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Pin, M. Beckerman, P. Spelt, J. Robinson, C. Weisbin
{"title":"Autonomous Mobile Robot Research Using The Hermies-III Robot","authors":"F. Pin, M. Beckerman, P. Spelt, J. Robinson, C. Weisbin","doi":"10.1109/IROS.1989.637915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.1989.637915","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports on the status and future directions in the research, development and experimental validation of intelligent control techniques for autonomous mobile robots using the HERMIES-III robot at the Center for Engineering Systems Advanced research (CESAR) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). HERMIES-III is the fourth robot in a series of increasingly more sophisticated and capable experimental test beds developed at CESAR. HERMIES-III is comprised of a battery powered, onmi-directional wheeled platform with a seven degree-of-freedom manipulator arm, video cameras, sonar range sensors, laser imaging scanner and a dual computer system containing up to 128 NCUBE nodes in hypercube configuration. All electronics, sensors, computers, and communication equipment required for autonomous operation of HERMIES-III are located on board along with sufficient battery power for three to four hours of operation. The paper first provides a more detailed description of the HERMIES-III characteristics, focussing on the new areas of research and demonstration now possible at CESAR with this new test-bed. The initial experimental program is then described with emphasis placed on autonomous performance of human-scale tasks (e.g., valve manipulation, use of tools), integration of a dexterous manipulator and platform motion in geometrically complex environments, and effective use of multiple cooperating robotsmore » (HERMIES-IIB and HERMIES- III). The paper concludes with a discussion of the integration problems and safety considerations necessarily arising from the set-up of an experimental program involving human-scale, multi-autonomous mobile robots performance. 10 refs., 3 figs.« less","PeriodicalId":332317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE/RSJ International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems '. (IROS '89) 'The Autonomous Mobile Robots and Its Applications","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131523512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lulea Turbo Turtle (LTT)","authors":"K. Hyyppa","doi":"10.1109/IROS.1989.637968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.1989.637968","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":332317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE/RSJ International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems '. (IROS '89) 'The Autonomous Mobile Robots and Its Applications","volume":"231 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121352845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Robot Beings","authors":"R. Brooks, A. Flynn","doi":"10.1109/IROS.1989.637881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.1989.637881","url":null,"abstract":"Being a robot in a human habitat requires dealing with cluttered, unconstrained and dynamically changing environments. Most research on autonomous mobile robots assumes a static world. At best, dynamic aspects of the world are to be avoided. We report on a robot, Seymour, which is designed to interact with people while operating in a crowded office environment. Seymour cannot be dynamically told what to do. Rather, like children and dogs, he does what is in his nature (which is determined by programs residing onboard in EPROMs on power up). He pursues his own activities while responding to the presence and actions of nearby people. Seymour bristles with sensors. But rather than fuse the data from his nine cameras and his pyroelectric array into a world model, he will have many independent perceptual systems which are individually and intimately tied into behavior-generating networks of simple computational elements. Each perceptual subsystem extracts only those aspects of the world which are relevant to the particular task for which it is tuned. Fusion happens closrr 1.0 t.hr motor levrl I.lian t.lir srnsor lrvrl. Srymonr usrs t.hr modified subsnmption architecture which is a methodology for implementing complex agents as an incrementally evolved network of augmented finite state machines. Our approach in building Seymour and other robots has been inspired in many ways by biological systems and research. In particular, we have adopted an evolutionary method of building complex autonomous agents, where the components are simple distributed computational elements. This gives us strong advantages in dealing with the complexity of the environment. We are not particularly interested however, in simply reproducing the complexity of Nature’s solutions. In fact, we maintain that biological inspirations can be taken too far. In particular introspection to determine how perception or even reasoning works is bound to fail.","PeriodicalId":332317,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. IEEE/RSJ International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems '. (IROS '89) 'The Autonomous Mobile Robots and Its Applications","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127990826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}