Martin Schörner, Constantin Wanninger, Raphael Katschinsky, Simon Hornung, Christian Eymüller, Alexander Poeppel, W. Reif
{"title":"UAV Inspection of Large Components: Determination of Alternative Inspection Points and Online Route Optimization","authors":"Martin Schörner, Constantin Wanninger, Raphael Katschinsky, Simon Hornung, Christian Eymüller, Alexander Poeppel, W. Reif","doi":"10.1109/RoSE59155.2023.00012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RoSE59155.2023.00012","url":null,"abstract":"Automation is playing an increasing role in the field of quality assurance. For the visual inspection of larger assemblies such as aircraft fuselages or ship hulls, the use of UAVs is an option. This paper deals with one aspect of the UAV-supported inspection of assemblies in production. Here, newly added components have to be checked for correct assembly. The planning of the shortest possible route from which all components to be inspected can be viewed as well as the estimation of the UAV’s position relative to the component have already been presented in previous work. We propose strategies that can be used if an inspection point cannot be reached by the UAV or the component to be inspected cannot be seen by the UAV’s camera from the inspection point. For this purpose, we generate alternative inspection points that can be used if errors occur during the inspection from the original inspection point. To achieve this, we present a metric that can be used to select an alternative inspection point that is as suitable as possible. We conclude by demonstrating how this strategy works by evoking different failure cases in a simulated environment.","PeriodicalId":332212,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE/ACM 5th International Workshop on Robotics Software Engineering (RoSE)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130348906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emil Stubbe Kolvig Raun, M. Kjærgaard, Ralph Brorsen
{"title":"EDDE: An Event-Driven Data Exchange to Accurately Introspect Cobot Applications","authors":"Emil Stubbe Kolvig Raun, M. Kjærgaard, Ralph Brorsen","doi":"10.1109/RoSE59155.2023.00009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RoSE59155.2023.00009","url":null,"abstract":"Commercialized collaborative robots (cobots) are typically programmed in proprietary languages and employ interfaces that gather data at predefined frequencies, such as the Real Time Data Exchange offered by Universal Robots (UR). This approach challenges the observability of program execution during runtime. To address this issue, the paper proposes applying software architectural knowledge from the introspection of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) to the robotics domain. The proposed solution is to improve the classical protocol interfaces with an Event-Driven Architecture, enabling the acquisition of program events in relation to state variables and thus, richer information concerning runtime. The proposed architecture, called the Event-Driven Data Exchange, is implemented and evaluated on a UR e-Series cobot in a practical study. The study highlights the significance of implementing software architectural knowledge in CPSs, such as cobots to extend observability and data availability.","PeriodicalId":332212,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE/ACM 5th International Workshop on Robotics Software Engineering (RoSE)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126208878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ROMoSu: Flexible Runtime Monitoring Support for ROS-based Applications","authors":"Marco Stadler, Michael Vierhauser","doi":"10.1109/RoSE59155.2023.00013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RoSE59155.2023.00013","url":null,"abstract":"ROS-based robotic applications are becoming increasingly common in various different application domains, performing diverse tasks. Examples include autonomous vehicles, small unmanned systems, as well as industrial applications of Cyber-Physical Production Systems. What all these systems have in common is their tight integration between hardware and software components, and close interactions with humans, e.g., on a shop floor, or autonomously driving robots as part of a warehouse system. This, in turn, requires monitoring the behavior of the system at runtime and ensuring that it behaves according to its specified requirements. However, establishing and maintaining runtime monitoring support is a non-trivial task, requiring significant up-front investment and extensive domain knowledge. To alleviate this problem, in this paper, we present ROMoSu, a flexible runtime monitoring framework for ROS-based systems that allows defining multiple scenarios, or application-specific configurations, taking into account different monitoring needs, and provides tool support for creating, maintaining, and managing configurations at runtime. As part of our evaluation, we have conducted experiments with three different use cases, of both physical and simulated applications. Results confirm that ROMoSu can be successfully used to create monitoring configurations with little effort, create efficient monitors, and perform constraint checks based on the collected runtime data.","PeriodicalId":332212,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE/ACM 5th International Workshop on Robotics Software Engineering (RoSE)","volume":"48 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132801803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Survey on Robotic Systems Integration","authors":"N. Garcia, A. Wortmann","doi":"10.1109/RoSE59155.2023.00007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RoSE59155.2023.00007","url":null,"abstract":"Software integration is central to successfully developing, deploying, and operating robotics applications. Yet, the particular integration process and its challenges are poorly understood. The continuous evolution of the robotics sector, incorporating constantly a growing number of technologies, makes the unification of processes increasingly complicated. Nevertheless, current research on robotics software integration largely focuses on specific integration activities instead of considering the overall activity as a process. To provide some insight into the state of robotics software integration, we drove a survey among researchers and practitioners in the field. In this survey, we inquired how robotics software integration is currently performed in order to identify similarities with traditional software development methodologies. Through this study, we discovered commonalities in the phases of the process and potential directions of a future research to address the current challenges in the area.","PeriodicalId":332212,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE/ACM 5th International Workshop on Robotics Software Engineering (RoSE)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128869675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paulius Daubaris, S. Linkola, Anna Kantosalo, Niko Mäkitalo
{"title":"Getting Started with ROS2 Development: A Case Study of Software Development Challenges","authors":"Paulius Daubaris, S. Linkola, Anna Kantosalo, Niko Mäkitalo","doi":"10.1109/RoSE59155.2023.00011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RoSE59155.2023.00011","url":null,"abstract":"ROS2 has started to gain attention from the industry as it fosters robot software development. Companies seek to use ROS2 in real products, thus increasing the need for ROS2-related skills. We investigate what kind of challenges junior software developers – i.e. computer science majors on one of their last B.Sc study modules – encounter when learning robotics using ROS2. We conduct a case study with a group of five students with a project goal to develop a robotic application utilizing an agile software development process. We inquire about the challenges after the project using semi-structured interviews. By analyzing the interviews we identified 87 development challenge instances that can be roughly divided into challenges caused by insufficient or misinterpreted documentation and challenges encountered during the development process or usage of ROS2 and its packages. Hence, based on the results, we suggest that the ROS2 community should invest in an integrated resource to help with ROS2 development and patch up the currently fragmented documentation of individual packages in order for it to be adopted more easily as a technology by junior software developers.","PeriodicalId":332212,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE/ACM 5th International Workshop on Robotics Software Engineering (RoSE)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132984673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Augmenting Robot Software Development Process with Flexbot","authors":"Paulius Daubaris, J. Helovuo, Niko Mäkitalo","doi":"10.1109/RoSE59155.2023.00015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RoSE59155.2023.00015","url":null,"abstract":"Robot Operating System (ROS) and its successor ROS2 have significantly improved the state-of-the-art robot software development process. However, even with all the amenities offered by ROS2 to ease the development, research has shown that practitioners still encounter development issues making software a significant bottleneck. Therefore, in this paper, we discuss ROS-based software development challenges encountered during the development and identified in the existing literature, and introduce the new Flexbot framework that seeks to mitigate some of the identified challenges using model-driven engineering (MDE).","PeriodicalId":332212,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE/ACM 5th International Workshop on Robotics Software Engineering (RoSE)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122289221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emilia Cioroaica, Barbora Buhnova, Daniel Schneider, E. Tomur, Ioannis Sorokos, T. Kuhn
{"title":"Towards the Concept of Trust Assurance Case","authors":"Emilia Cioroaica, Barbora Buhnova, Daniel Schneider, E. Tomur, Ioannis Sorokos, T. Kuhn","doi":"10.1109/RoSE59155.2023.00005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RoSE59155.2023.00005","url":null,"abstract":"Trust is a fundamental aspect in enabling a smooth adoption of robotic technical innovations in our societies. While Artificial Intelligence (AI) is capable to uplift digital contributions to our societies while protecting environmental resources, its ethical and technical trust dimensions bring significant challenges for a sustainable evolution of robotic systems. Inspired by the safety assurance case, in this paper we introduce the concept of trust assurance case together with the implementation of its ethical and technical principles directed towards assuring a trustworthy sustainable evolution of AI-enabled robotic systems.","PeriodicalId":332212,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE/ACM 5th International Workshop on Robotics Software Engineering (RoSE)","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127045921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing the technological maturity of robot swarms","authors":"D. Bozhinoski, M. Birattari","doi":"10.1109/RoSE59155.2023.00006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RoSE59155.2023.00006","url":null,"abstract":"The field of swarm robotics has seen significant growth in recent years, with potential applications in a variety of areas. This paper delves into the current research challenges in swarm robotics from a software engineering perspective. The paper presents three key research directions that will pave the way toward creating industry-adoptable robot swarms.","PeriodicalId":332212,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE/ACM 5th International Workshop on Robotics Software Engineering (RoSE)","volume":"218 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115520980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Analysis of Behaviour-Driven Requirement Specification for Robotic Competitions","authors":"Minh Nguyen, N. Hochgeschwender, S. Wrede","doi":"10.1109/RoSE59155.2023.00008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RoSE59155.2023.00008","url":null,"abstract":"Recent scientific and technological advances have enabled robotic applications in various challenging domains, which motivates means to better represent and manage the subsequent increase in number and complexity of requirements. We look into rulebooks of robotic competitions and benchmarks as one publicly available source of requirements and acceptance criteria for evaluating robots’ performance. From our analysis, we derive a Feature Model containing common elements that recur in descriptions of different robotic competitions. We argue how these features can be used to express requirements and acceptance criteria for robotic applications, within the context of the Behaviour-Driven Development (BDD) paradigm. This can serve as a mean not only to analyse and manage requirements, but also to introduce automation into verifying and validating requirements in robotics.","PeriodicalId":332212,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE/ACM 5th International Workshop on Robotics Software Engineering (RoSE)","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116642511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Momina Rizwan, Ricardo Caldas, Christoph Reichenbach, Matthias Mayr
{"title":"EzSkiROS: A Case Study on Embedded Robotics DSLs to Catch Bugs Early","authors":"Momina Rizwan, Ricardo Caldas, Christoph Reichenbach, Matthias Mayr","doi":"10.1109/RoSE59155.2023.00014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RoSE59155.2023.00014","url":null,"abstract":"When we develop general-purpose robot software components, we rarely know the full context that they will execute in. This limits our ability to make predictions, including our ability to detect program bugs early. Since running a robot is an expensive task, finding errors at runtime can prolong the debugging loop or even cause safety hazards. In this paper, we propose an approach to help developers find bugs early with minimal additional effort by using embedded Domain-Specific Languages (DSLs) that enforce early checks. We describe DSL design patterns suitable for the robotics domain and demonstrate our approach for DSL embedding in Python, using a case study on an industrial tool SkiROS2, designed for the composition of robot skills. We demonstrate our patterns on the embedded DSL EzSkiROS and show that our approach is effective in performing safety checks while deploying code on the robot, much earlier than at runtime. An initial study with SkiROS2 developers show that our DSL-based approach is useful for early bug detection and improving the maintainability of robot code.","PeriodicalId":332212,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE/ACM 5th International Workshop on Robotics Software Engineering (RoSE)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130987593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}