Intermetallics最新文献_第2页

Morphology, microstructure, and mechanical properties of TiZrTa0.7NbMo refractory high-entropy alloy spherical powder prepared by ultrasonic atomization 超声雾化制备TiZrTa0.7NbMo耐火高熵合金球形粉末的形貌、显微组织及力学性能

IF 4.8 2区材料科学

Intermetallics Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109019

Chao Liu , Fuyu Dong , Yue Zhang , Xiaoguang Yuan , Binbin Wang , Liangshun Luo , Yanqing Su , Jun Cheng , Peter K. Liaw

{"title":"Morphology, microstructure, and mechanical properties of TiZrTa0.7NbMo refractory high-entropy alloy spherical powder prepared by ultrasonic atomization","authors":"Chao Liu , Fuyu Dong , Yue Zhang , Xiaoguang Yuan , Binbin Wang , Liangshun Luo , Yanqing Su , Jun Cheng , Peter K. Liaw","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs) have potential for high-temperature applications, such as aerospace and gas turbines, owing to their excellent mechanical properties at high-temperature. However, it is difficult to prepare high-quality spherical RHEA powders by conventional atomization techniques because of their high melting point and poor melt wettability. Therefore, the present study applies a novel technology, namely ultrasonic atomization, to prepare TiZrTa<sub>0.7</sub>NbMo RHEA powder. The 2D morphology, 3D structural characteristics (i.e., sphericity and porosity), microstructure, and mechanical properties of the prepared RHEA powder are systematically studied. Scanning electron microscopy and micro-computed tomography indicate that the RHEA powder obtained following ultrasonic atomization have a narrow particle size distribution, high sphericity, low porosity, smooth surfaces, and no satellite balls. X-ray diffraction results show that the powder mainly comprises BCC1 and BCC2 phases. The microstructure of the powder is mainly dendritic, with fine dendrite spacing, and slight composition segregation is observed. Moreover, a small proportion of single-crystal powder particles are identified. The nano-hardness of the powder (average = 5.96 GPa; maximum = 6.18 GPa) is higher than that of the as-cast RHEAs of the same composition. Overall, this work demonstrates that high-quality RHEA spherical powder can be prepared via ultrasonic atomization, which is expected to be applied in additive manufacturing, powder metallurgy, and related fields in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 109019"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microstructure, frictional wear and corrosion properties of FeCrNiTiZrWMo high-entropy alloy coatings prepared by double glow plasma 双辉光等离子体制备FeCrNiTiZrWMo高熵合金涂层的组织、摩擦磨损和腐蚀性能

IF 4.8 2区材料科学

Intermetallics Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109018

Daxiang Li , Chenglei Wang , Haiqing Qin , Xiaodu Li , Weijie Liu , Shichuan Zhu

{"title":"Microstructure, frictional wear and corrosion properties of FeCrNiTiZrWMo high-entropy alloy coatings prepared by double glow plasma","authors":"Daxiang Li , Chenglei Wang , Haiqing Qin , Xiaodu Li , Weijie Liu , Shichuan Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>FeCrNiTiZrWMo high-entropy alloy (HEA) coating was successfully fabricated on 316L stainless steel via double glow plasma surface metallurgy. The effects of deposition holding time on the microstructural evolution, microhardness, wear behavior, and corrosion resistance of the coating were systematically investigated. The results reveal that the gradient-structured HEA coating exhibits excellent metallurgical bonding with the substrate. Notably, the HEA3 coating achieved a microhardness of 1273.5 HV<sub>0.3</sub>, approximately 6.5 times higher than that of the bare 316L stainless steel. Moreover, the coating demonstrated a lower friction coefficient and reduced wear volume, indicative of superior wear resistance. Electrochemical measurements in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution showed a marked improvement in corrosion resistance compared to the substrate. The HEA coating developed in this work offers a potential solution for surface protection of 316L stainless steel, synergistically enhancing its hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 109018"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Performance of FeCoNiCrMn-WC high-entropy alloy coatings fabricated by composite electrodeposition 复合电沉积法制备FeCoNiCrMn-WC高熵合金涂层的性能

IF 4.8 2区材料科学

Intermetallics Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109003

Yunfei Cheng , Chaohui Wang , Meiling Dong , Yuan You , Weidong Cheng , Wanjun Xie , Zhenwei Wang , Liang Wang , Xiaodong Zhang , You Wang

引用次数: 0

Microstructural evolution and mechanical property improvement of TiAl alloy during powder forging TiAl合金粉末锻造过程中组织演变及力学性能改善

IF 4.8 2区材料科学

Intermetallics Pub Date : 2025-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109015

Dingbang Sun , Huijun Wang , Yingchao Guo , Yongfeng Liang , Hui Xue , Junpin Lin

{"title":"Microstructural evolution and mechanical property improvement of TiAl alloy during powder forging","authors":"Dingbang Sun , Huijun Wang , Yingchao Guo , Yongfeng Liang , Hui Xue , Junpin Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel powder forging method that integrates the advantages of powder metallurgy and forging is proposed. TiAl prealloyed powder and binder were cold pressed, followed by pressureless sintering and subsequent forging to achieve densification. Results show that sintering necks formed between powder particles after pressureless sintering by diffusion. During forging, the lamellar colonies were broken and preferentially recrystallized at the sintering neck. The forged microstructure consisted of bent lamellar colonies oriented perpendicular to the forging direction, accompanied by refined equiaxed γ grains. In the range of 1320 °C–1400 °C, as the forging temperature increased, the recrystallization rate accelerated, leading to the disappearance of the deformed structure. The deformed microstructure is meticulously developed, featuring a high density of dislocations and twins, which significantly contribute to the enhancement of the mechanical properties of the TiAl alloy. After forging at 1360 °C for 10 min, the material achieved optimal ultimate tensile strength, with values of 818 MPa at room temperature and 489 MPa at 900 °C.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 109015"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Mo-V co-addition on the elastic properties and wear resistance of AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy laser cladding coatings Mo-V共添加对AlCoCrFeNi高熵合金激光熔覆层弹性性能和耐磨性的影响

IF 4.8 2区材料科学

Intermetallics Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109016

Huaijing Li , Wei Zhao , Lei Wang , Hui Zhang , Yuexia Lv , Zhen Wang , Weifeng Rao

{"title":"Effect of Mo-V co-addition on the elastic properties and wear resistance of AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy laser cladding coatings","authors":"Huaijing Li , Wei Zhao , Lei Wang , Hui Zhang , Yuexia Lv , Zhen Wang , Weifeng Rao","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>AlCoCrFeNiMo<sub>x</sub>V<sub>1-x</sub> (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0) high-entropy alloy coatings were fabricated on Q235 steel via laser cladding. The microstructure, elastic properties, and wear resistance at room temperature and intermediate-to-high temperatures were systematically investigated. The coatings are composed of BCC, σ, and B2 phases, with grain morphology transitioning from dendritic to columnar structures. First-principles calculations and nanoindentation tests reveal that co-addition of Mo and V significantly enhances the deformation resistance and wear performance of the BCC phase. Microhardness and wear resistance initially increase with increasing x, peaking at x = 0.5 before declining. This can be attributed to the formation of a high-elastic modulus BCC phase and the dispersion strengthening of the σ phase. Across the temperature range from room temperature to 800 °C, the wear resistance of each coating initially improves, reaching an optimal at 600 °C before the deterioration. This behavior is driven by the combined effect of oxidation kinetics and friction pressure, which promotes the in-situ formation of a continuous and dense oxide film. However, the volatilization of V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> and MoO<sub>3</sub> at 800 °C leads to a deterioration in wear resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 109016"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of La–Ce interaction effect on fabrication and diffusion processes of sintered RE–Fe–B magnets La-Ce相互作用对烧结RE-Fe-B磁体制备和扩散过程的影响

IF 4.8 2区材料科学

Intermetallics Pub Date : 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109006

Xin Wang , Yan Li , Fei Liu , Jiaying Jin , Shunpeng Yao , Suo Bai , Yanli Liu , Zhubai Li , Yongfeng Li

{"title":"Influence of La–Ce interaction effect on fabrication and diffusion processes of sintered RE–Fe–B magnets","authors":"Xin Wang , Yan Li , Fei Liu , Jiaying Jin , Shunpeng Yao , Suo Bai , Yanli Liu , Zhubai Li , Yongfeng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To clarify the interaction effects of La and Ce in mixed-rare-earth (MM)-based sintered magnets, alloy strip castings and magnets were fabricated by partially substituting Pr/Nd with MM elements or individual La/Ce. Comprehensive analyses of phase compositions and microstructures were performed. The inherent instability of the La<sub>2</sub>Fe<sub>14</sub>B main phase and the formation of the REFe<sub>2</sub> phase were considerably suppressed due to La–Ce synergistic interactions, enabling the MM magnets to achieve a maximum remanence of 11.56 kGs. Sintering temperature studies revealed that magnets containing La and Ce exhibited improved main-phase stability compared to those containing only Ce or La. In addition, the RE-rich grain boundary (GB) phases—similar to the RE<sub>3</sub>Ga phase, the RE<sub>6</sub>(Fe,Ga)<sub>14</sub> phase and REFe<sub>2</sub> phase—were observed at GB junctions in MM and Ce80 (with 80 wt% RE content being Ce and 20 wt% being Pr/Nd) magnets, which affected the grain boundary diffusion depth. Following surface diffusion treatment with a Tb–Cu suspension, the coercivity of the MM magnet increased by 224 %. These results offer valuable insights for the design and development of high-performance sintered magnets with high La–Ce content and optimized microstructures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 109006"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigations on the role of Ce on the transient oxidation of β-NiAl Ce对β-NiAl瞬态氧化作用的研究

IF 4.8 2区材料科学

Intermetallics Pub Date : 2025-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109002

Santosh Kumar, Pratik K. Ray

{"title":"Investigations on the role of Ce on the transient oxidation of β-NiAl","authors":"Santosh Kumar, Pratik K. Ray","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The role of 1 atom % Ce addition on transient oxidation behaviour of β-NiAl alloy at 1100 °C has been investigated to observe the spatio-temporal changes across the alloy grain boundaries during initial 2 h of oxidation. We observed that Ce doping in β-NiAl results in an increase in scale growth kinetics as compared to undoped β-NiAl. Oxide surface morphology and cross-sectional features were examined under the scanning electron microscope – to observe the morphological changes and oxidation pathways in both alloys. The role of diffusing species (Al, Ce and O) on scale growth behaviour has been investigated. During oxidation, a ridge shaped Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> scale morphology is developed over the undoped alloy. With Ce doping in β-NiAl, the network of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> ridges disappears. A needle shaped Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> morphology is observed as a result of Ce doping in β-NiAl. The cross-sectional morphology revealed a uniform external scale (with scale thickness ∼ 5 μm) in undoped alloy. However, a significant oxygen ingress beneath the external scale is observed in the Ce doped alloy causing internal and intergranular oxidation. The discontinuities present in Ce doped alloy in the form of secondary precipitates provides the pathways for internal O diffusion. Further, the significant change in diffusion flux of Al due the change in local alloy chemistry results in the development of a non-uniform scale (scale thickness varies from 4 to 11 μm) in Ce doped alloy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 109002"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-precipitate synergetic strengthening in LPBF-fabricated maraging steel: Interplay of intermetallic compounds and oxide nanoparticles lpbf制备马氏体时效钢的多沉淀协同强化：金属间化合物和氧化物纳米颗粒的相互作用

IF 4.8 2区材料科学

Intermetallics Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109005

Lingzhi Wu , Cong Zhang , Dil Faraz Khan , Ruijie Zhang , Yongwei Wang , Haiqing Yin , Xuanhui Qu , Geng Liu , Jie Su

{"title":"Multi-precipitate synergetic strengthening in LPBF-fabricated maraging steel: Interplay of intermetallic compounds and oxide nanoparticles","authors":"Lingzhi Wu , Cong Zhang , Dil Faraz Khan , Ruijie Zhang , Yongwei Wang , Haiqing Yin , Xuanhui Qu , Geng Liu , Jie Su","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is particularly suitable for direct fabrication of metallic components with complex geometries, and has been widely used in aerospace, nuclear energy, and high-end tooling industries. However, the as-printed properties of LPBF-processed Fe-11Cr-9Ni-6Co-3Mo (wt.%) maraging stainless steel often fail to meet application requirements. This study systematically investigates the effects of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of LPBF-Fe11Cr9Ni6Co3Mo. The results show that direct aging at 550 °C for 9 h leads to a multi-nanoprecipitate co-strengthening microstructure, including in-situ formed composite oxide (Mn,Si)O, (Cr,Mo)<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub> carbides, and Fe<sub>2</sub>(Mo,Mn) intermetallic compounds. Through the combined effects of multi-scale precipitation strengthening, improvement in strength and ductility is achieved. Compared to the as-printed condition, the aged samples exhibit a 47.4 % increase in yield strength, a 29.8 % enhancement in ultimate tensile strength, and a 3.3 % improvement in elongation. Furthermore, compared to conventional heat treatment (homogenization + solution treatment + undercooling + aging), the direct-aged samples demonstrate superior mechanical properties without sacrificing ductility, with a 1.94 % higher yield strength, a 3.50 % greater ultimate tensile strength, and a 3.70 % improved elongation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 109005"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145155335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The evolution and deterioration of the B2 phase and corresponding mechanical properties in the BCC/B2 refractory high-entropy superalloys BCC/B2难熔高熵高温合金中B2相的演化变质及其力学性能

IF 4.8 2区材料科学

Intermetallics Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109014

Xiaofang Ma , Zhengfan Wang , Liang Chen , Peng Yang

{"title":"The evolution and deterioration of the B2 phase and corresponding mechanical properties in the BCC/B2 refractory high-entropy superalloys","authors":"Xiaofang Ma , Zhengfan Wang , Liang Chen , Peng Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Refractory high-entropy superalloys (RHESAs) with a coherent BCC/B2 microstructure, analogous to the γ/γ′ structure in Ni-based superalloys, are regarded as promising candidates to surpass Ni-based superalloys due to their high melting points and exceptional creep resistance. However, the inherent brittleness and high-temperature instability of the B2 phase limit their practical application. This study focuses on the Al<sub>9.26</sub>Nb<sub>17.92</sub>Ta<sub>18.4</sub>Ti<sub>43.47</sub>Zr<sub>10.95</sub> (at.%) RHESA prepared via arc melting, followed by homogenization and aging treatments for various durations. The phase evolution pathways, elemental diffusion mechanisms, and mechanical property changes during aging were systematically investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and room-temperature compression testing. The results demonstrate that in the ST (solution-treated) state, the B2 phase exists as nanodomains smaller than 5 nm, formed through spinodal decomposition and the ordering reaction. During aging for 5–60 h, the B2 phase grows into an interconnected network structure. The 60h-aged sample exhibits a ∼25 % increase in strength without compromising ductility. After 150 h of aging, the B2 phase degenerates radially from elongated precursors to form Al-Zr intermetallic compounds, accompanied by the expulsion of Ti, Nb and Ta element. While both strength and ductility remain largely unchanged, a significant reduction in the strain hardening rate is observed. This study reveals the evolution mechanism of the B2 phase and the formation pathway of the Al–Zr intermetallic phase. For the first time, the intermediate process of the direct deterioration of the B2 phase into the Al–Zr intermetallic compound was directly observed using TEM, and meanwhile, a novel Ta-rich cubic phase was identified during the evolution process. Those provides a theoretical foundation for further optimizing the high-temperature stability of RHEAs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 109014"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145156004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The microstructure and mechanical properties of TLP bonding with (SnBiInZn)100-xGax high entropy alloys TLP与（SnBiInZn）100-xGax高熵合金结合的显微组织和力学性能

IF 4.8 2区材料科学

Intermetallics Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109008

Mo Chen , Liang Zhang , Yu-hao Chen , Lei Sun

{"title":"The microstructure and mechanical properties of TLP bonding with (SnBiInZn)100-xGax high entropy alloys","authors":"Mo Chen , Liang Zhang , Yu-hao Chen , Lei Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this experiment, (SnBiInZn)<sub>100-<em>x</em></sub>Ga<sub><em>x</em></sub> (<em>x</em> = 0.5, 1, 2, 4, at.%) high entropy alloys (HEAs) were prepared in a vacuum furnace, and Cu/(SnBiInZn)<sub>100-<em>x</em></sub>Ga<sub><em>x</em></sub>/Cu solder joints for sandwich construction were prepared by transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding at 160 °C. The effects of different Ga content and bonding time on the interface intermetallic compound (IMC) layer and mechanical properties of the joints were investigated. The results showed that when the Ga content was lower than 1 at.%, Ga atoms were almost completely solid-soluted inside the microstructure and did not affect the strength of the joint. Exceeding this critical level led to Ga being firmly incorporated into the IMC layer's surface, impairing the interfacial bonding and triggering an abrupt drop in shear strength. Specifically, when Ga was 0.5 at.%, the IMC layer at the interface thickened progressively with longer bonding durations. After 30 min, the CuZn<sub>5</sub> IMC fully transformed into the stable Cu<sub>5</sub>Zn<sub>8</sub> phase, resulting in a shear strength of up to 31.7 MPa. The fracture surface exhibited large honeycomb-like dimples, indicative of a ductile fracture. Successful formation of high-quality joints under low-temperature bonding conditions has been realized. However, when the bonding time was excessively prolonged, the Cu<sub>5</sub>Zn<sub>8</sub> IMC layer grew too thick. Due to the significant difference in Cu and Zn diffusion speeds, Kirkendall voids and cracks formed, ultimately degrading the shear strength of the joint. The soldered joints tended to fracture along the Kirkendall voids at the interface, and the fracture mechanism shifted from ductile to brittle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 109008"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145156003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0