{"title":"Design and evaluation of water Blumlein pulse generator","authors":"H. Heo, O. Choi, S. Nam","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2011.6191612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2011.6191612","url":null,"abstract":"We designed and tested a water filled Blumlein pulse generator. For the purpose of repetitive operation, we used a gas spark switch and high voltage transformer. The pulse generator was tested an aqueous resistor dummy load. When the load resistance was matched with the pulse generator's impedance, we obtain about up to 200 kV voltage pulse.","PeriodicalId":331835,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121818217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Jadidian, J. G. Hwang, M. Zahn, N. Lavesson, O. Widlund, K. Borg
{"title":"Streamer initiation and propagation in transformer oil under positive and negative impulse voltages","authors":"J. Jadidian, J. G. Hwang, M. Zahn, N. Lavesson, O. Widlund, K. Borg","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2011.6191425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2011.6191425","url":null,"abstract":"Electro-thermal hydrodynamic modeling of streamers formed by positive and negative impulse voltages in transformer mineral oil is presented. Negative streamers initiate at roughly two times higher applied voltages while positive streamers propagate about two times faster and occupy much less space. Charge carrier mobilities dependence on the temperature is taken into account as well as the electric field effect on the ionization potential of hydrocarbon molecules. Negative streamer dynamics greatly depend on the variations of electron mobility. On the other hand, positive streamers are mostly dependent on applied impulse voltage rise-time for a given applied voltage peak. Higher applied voltage peaks form faster streamers called higher mode streamers in both polarities.","PeriodicalId":331835,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125186165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Tantong, P. Kirawanich, Zan Lu, J. Baker, N. Islam
{"title":"Gigahertz sources for cancer detection","authors":"S. Tantong, P. Kirawanich, Zan Lu, J. Baker, N. Islam","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2011.6191455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2011.6191455","url":null,"abstract":"A low cost antenna was designed, fabricated and analyzed for ultra-wideband characteristics. It was also demonstrated through experiment and simulation analysis how the ultra-wideband characteristics can be used in the detection of breast tumors. The designed antenna can achieve a good impedance matching over a very wide bandwidth (9.00 GHz). The detection technique utilizes dual probes for signal detection, and employs a new methodology for imaging and reconstruction. The ultra-wideband antenna and the imaging technique can be applied to the detection of embedded objects.","PeriodicalId":331835,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122744068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Kuznetsova, V. Lopatin, V. Burkin, V. Golovanevskiy, D. Zhgun, N. Ivanov
{"title":"Theoretical and experimental investigation of electro discharge destruction of non-conducting materials","authors":"N. Kuznetsova, V. Lopatin, V. Burkin, V. Golovanevskiy, D. Zhgun, N. Ivanov","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2011.6191428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2011.6191428","url":null,"abstract":"The results of electro-discharge fracture of large-size concrete samples with electrical breakdown initiation by the exploding wire are presented. In order to minimize the operating voltage of the pulse generator and to increase the discharge gap and hence the energy absorption by the plasma channel that leads to the fracture build-up, the electro-bursting cartridge (copper wire in polyethylene) was used. With the pulse amplitudes of ∼ (15–20) kV and wire length of ∼ (20–60) mm, concrete blocks of 700*450*300mm size can be fractured. Specific energy deposition of ∼ 60 kJ/cm3 leads to the pressure buildup of up to 2.5·109 Pa in the discharge plasma channel. Under the action of pressure, the highly conductive plasma channel expands and generates the shock wave, causing the mechanical stress formation in the solid. Elastoplastic deformations and radially propagating cracks are launched into the material and this leads to the sample fracture. The dynamics of the generator energy conversion into the plasma channel and into the wave of mechanical stresses in solid is considered. Electro-discharge fracture can be a cost-effective and practical solution for disintegration of the rock mass by splitting rock fragments off the free rock surface in mining, oil and gas, tunnel construction and similar applications.","PeriodicalId":331835,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131450172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Chuvatin, V. Kantsyrev, A. Astanovitsky, R. Presura, A. Safronova, B. LeGalloudec, V. Nalajala, K. Williamson, I. Shrestha, G. Osborne, M. Weller, V. Shlyaptseva, L. Rudakov, M. Cuneo
{"title":"Advanced load current multiplier on Zebra generator","authors":"A. Chuvatin, V. Kantsyrev, A. Astanovitsky, R. Presura, A. Safronova, B. LeGalloudec, V. Nalajala, K. Williamson, I. Shrestha, G. Osborne, M. Weller, V. Shlyaptseva, L. Rudakov, M. Cuneo","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2011.6191628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2011.6191628","url":null,"abstract":"An improved load current multiplier (LCM) was designed and tested on a high-voltage 100 ns, 0.8–1 MA generator Zebra. The new design allowed to achieve up to ∼1.7 MA in plasma loads and up to 1.9 MA in static loads [1]. The previous LCM version provided 1.4 and 1.6 MA accordingly [2]. The load current increase results in the increase of X-ray yield and power from plasma radiation source loads [3]. The advanced LCM represents an integral part of Zebra, inside the generator vacuum section. The new low-inductance design of LCM-to-load connection ensured shielding of the multiplier convolute from load events. Experiments with plasma loads were thus possible without after-shot dismounting of LCM for load installation and diagnostics arrangement. Validation of LCM's on a high-voltage nanosecond generator suggests that the concept could be applicable to existing and future multi-MA fast pulse-power drivers. Anticipating these applications, we present first estimates supporting scaling-up of the LCM technique to multi-terawatt facilities.","PeriodicalId":331835,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134501510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Wilson, M. Given, I. Timoshkin, S. Macgregor, T. Wang, M. Sinclair, K. Thomas, J. Lehr
{"title":"Weibull statistical analysis of impulse-driven surface breakdown data","authors":"M. Wilson, M. Given, I. Timoshkin, S. Macgregor, T. Wang, M. Sinclair, K. Thomas, J. Lehr","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2011.6191418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2011.6191418","url":null,"abstract":"Surface breakdown of oil-immersed solids chosen to insulate high-voltage, pulsed-power systems is a problem that can lead to catastrophic failure. Statistical analysis of the breakdown voltages associated with such liquid-solid interfaces can reveal useful information to aid system designers in the selection of solid materials. Described in this paper are the results of a Weibull statistical analysis, applied to breakdown voltage data generated in gaps consisting of five different solid polymers immersed in mineral oil. Values of the location parameter γ provide an estimate of the applied voltage below which breakdown will not occur, and under uniform-field conditions, γ varied from 192 kV (480 kV/cm) for polypropylene to zero for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (i.e. the data for UHMWPE were better described by a two-parameter distribution). Longer times to breakdown were measured for UHMWPE when compared with the other materials. However, high values of the shape parameter β reported in the present paper suggest greater sensitivity to an increase in applied voltage - that is, the probability of breakdown increases more sharply with increasing applied voltage for UHMWPE compared to the other materials. Only PP consistently reflected a low value of β across the different sets of test conditions.","PeriodicalId":331835,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133040185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Fukawa, K. Rokkaku, Y. Sakai, Y. Yazawa, K. Teranishi, N. Shimomura, Susumu Suzuki, H. Itoh
{"title":"The decomposition of humate solution by pulsed discharge in the bubble","authors":"F. Fukawa, K. Rokkaku, Y. Sakai, Y. Yazawa, K. Teranishi, N. Shimomura, Susumu Suzuki, H. Itoh","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2011.6191604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2011.6191604","url":null,"abstract":"Pulsed discharge in water with bubbles is proposed for water treatment including the persistent substance. The persistent substance (chiefly organic substance) is difficult to decompose by natural phenomenon. The humic acid that is a target in this study is one of the persistent substances. A Blumlein type pulse forming network (B-PFN) is provided in the present work. The discharge reactor is a glass cylinder with injection needle - spiral electrodes system. Helium, oxygen and nitrogen are used for the bubbling gas. The process time by pulsed discharge in the nitrogen bubble is shorter than the time by pulsed discharge time in helium, oxygen bubbles. The organic carbon concentration in the humate solution has decreased by the pulsed discharge in the nitrogen bubble. The factor of decomposition of the humate solution is compared with ozone and ultraviolet irradiation.","PeriodicalId":331835,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133142711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study of the discharge channel evolution characteristics in the flashlamps","authors":"S. Jia, Rui Li, Xingwen Li","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2011.6191542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2011.6191542","url":null,"abstract":"This work is devoted to study the evolution characteristics of the plasma discharge channel (DC) in the flashlamps. Various influencing factors are studied, including charging voltages, main pulse width, and time interval between the pre-ionization pulse and the main pulse. Distinct branching phenomenon is observed near the grounding terminal of the flashlamps. It is found that the electric field distribution in the flashlamp working environment has the most significant influence on the DC evolution process, determining the DC shape, while other factors have influence on the brightness and fullness of the discharge channels.","PeriodicalId":331835,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134108001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Low voltage low current massively parallel high performance EM gun topology MEMS based manufacturing","authors":"O. Zucker","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2011.6191546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2011.6191546","url":null,"abstract":"A new concept for an induction type electromagnetic gun is proposed. MEMS technology is used to construct thousands of millimeter scale, 3 phase half turn independent structures which are individually powered by dedicated MOSFET H-bridges and dedicated Capacitors. While the individual structures see but a few hundred volts and under 2.5kA, the combined effect induces an accelerating magnetic field above 3 Tesla, on a correspondingly larger interaction area of the projectile circumference consistent with accelerating around a kg to a few km/s in a 5m long gun.","PeriodicalId":331835,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference","volume":"147 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115208925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Mermigkas, I. Timoshkin, S. Macgregor, M. Given, M. Wilson, T. Wang
{"title":"Sub-microsecond impulsive corona discharges for electrostatic precipitation applications","authors":"A. Mermigkas, I. Timoshkin, S. Macgregor, M. Given, M. Wilson, T. Wang","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2011.6191582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2011.6191582","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper discusses the development of the impulsive micro-electrostatic precipitation technology (μ-ESP), which uses superposition of sub-microsecond high field pulses and DC electric field. Short impulses allow the application of higher voltages to the ionisation electrodes of a precipitation system without the initiation of breakdown. These higher levels of electric field generate higher ionic concentrations, resulting in more efficient charging of the airborne particles and can potentially improve precipitation efficiency. The present work is focused on analysis of the behavior of impulsive positive corona discharges in coaxial reactor designed for precipitation studies. The efficiency of precipitation of coarse and fine particles has been investigated using the different DC and impulse voltage levels in order to establish optimal energisation modes.","PeriodicalId":331835,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115679547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}