Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio最新文献

{"title":"On the pursuit of happiness. Personality underpinnings of life satisfaction of Spanish and Polish university freshmen","authors":"Sara Filipiak, A. Tychmanowicz","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v50i2.1022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v50i2.1022","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to analyse the relationship between personality traits and life satisfaction among university freshmen. Knowledge about personality determinants of life satisfaction in newly enrolled university students can be used to predict their successful adaptation to new educational requirements. Two groups of students were surveyed: Spaniards studying in Spain (n = 164; Mage = 21.25; SD = 1.97) and Poles studying in Poland (n=162; Mage=22.85; SD=1.24). The following instruments were used: the Ten Item Personality Inventory (TIPI) and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). The results showed that in the group of Spanish students, life satisfaction correlated positively with Extraversion, Conscientiousness and Neuroticism, while in the group of Polish students, it correlated positively with all personality traits. In both Polish and Spanish students, Extraversion, Conscientiousness and Neuroticism were significant predictors of higher life satisfaction. The Polish and Spanish student groups differed slightly in the patterns of the relationships between personality traits and life satisfaction, however, in both samples, higher levels of Extraversion, Conscientiousness and lower levels of Neuroticism were conducive to higher life satisfaction. The article discusses the educational implications of the reported findings. ","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"61-62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117262455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The contexts of mask. On another note to the considerations of Rev. Edward Wojtusiak on the social uniform","authors":"C. Domański","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v50i2.972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v50i2.972","url":null,"abstract":"Forty years ago the Kultura i Społeczeństwo magazine published a sociological essay by Reverend Edward Wojtusiak (1905-1983) on the subject of \"social uniform\". It contains reflections on the shaping of human social personality, inspired by the views of Józef Chałasiński. The concept of social uniform refers to those concepts perceiving social life as if it were a drama staged in a theater. The leading topic of the essay is a multifaceted presentation of the issues of \"mask\" in formal and material terms, as a concept used by psychologists, philosophers, sociologists and practitioners to explain various aspects of human expression in social contacts. The views of classics such as Richard Müller-Freienfels, Karl Jaspers, Otto Tumlirz, Ludwig Klages, Paul Guillaume, Ernst Harms and Carl Gustav Jung were used. Referring to the aforementioned theatrical metaphor, we can assume that in the most general approach to the subject, a mask is understood as a sign or a system of signs communicating various aspects of human personality \"on the stage of life\". Due to the current pandemic situation, the concept of mask, previously functioning mainly as a term of theoretical considerations, has been supplemented with a number of new meanings related to its universality and the necessity to use it in various situations of our everyday life. This includes, among other things, its impact on interpersonal communication and the relationship with the expression of extreme attitudes towards epidemiological threats, manifested by putting on or refusing to wear a mask in public places. The article presents the results of selected psychological studies from 2020-2021 on the impact of wearing masks on reading emotions from facial expressions, and confronts the applicability of classic mask theories in explaining and searching for new research aspects for this content-relevant construct in the field of social sciences. Rich in content the essay by Rev. Edward Wojtusiak seems to be a good starting point for the exploration of the issue, and the upcoming anniversary of its publication prompts us to refer to this text.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123564741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marital communication and relationship satisfaction - The differential role of gender patterns","authors":"A. Lipińska-Grobelny","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v50i2.1085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v50i2.1085","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to examine whether gender schemas differentiate marital communication and relationship satisfaction. Most analyses are conducted with reference to biological sex. Psychological gender distinguishes the construct of gender differences. The study involved 400 people (200 women and 200 men) who were married, economically active and had at least one child. The respondents completed the Marital Communication Questionnaire (KKM), the Masculinity and Femininity Scale (SMiK) and the Relationship Satisfaction Scale. The results obtained indicate a differential role of gender schemas in terms of preferred conversational styles. Psychological gender does not affect relationship satisfaction. Furthermore, the gender patterns evident in the four psychological gender types differentiate the relationship of spouses' communication with their ratings of relationship satisfaction. To conclude, including the construct of psychological gender in the analyses is important from the point of view of research as well as practice. Firstly, it deepens knowledge on relationship satisfaction and communication in marriage, secondly, the knowledge gained may find practical application e.g. in marriage therapy.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133746942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spis artykułów w języku polskim","authors":"Redakcja Kwartalnika","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v50i2.1096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v50i2.1096","url":null,"abstract":"SPIS ARTYKUŁÓW W JĘZYKU POLSKIM","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126106631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Belonging to religious communities–a source of stress or satisfaction? Analysis of gender differences","authors":"Natalia Pilarska","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v50i2.776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v50i2.776","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Dialogue is an inseparable element of the functioning of social groups, including religious communities. The article shows how being in dialogue with God and people by belonging to religious communities among young Catholics corresponds with the perceived stress in its various areas (e.g. related to health, interpersonal relations, socioeconomic conditions or religiosity) and with life satisfaction, both in the group of boys and men, as well as in the group of girls and women. Method: The gender differences in the identified 18 areas of experienced stress and life satisfaction were analyzed. The study was conducted using the author’s questionnaire and the SWLS scale in the paper-and-pencil version on a group of 407 young Catholics belonging and not belonging to religious communities. Results: The results indicate that belonging to a religious community differentiates the level of experienced stress only in the area of religiosity (no differences were noted in terms of stress as a whole) and differentiated the level of life satisfaction. It turns out that gender differentiates the level of experienced stress both in the group of people belonging and not belonging to the religious community and in the entire studied sample. Women in all groups are characterized by a higher level of experienced stress. Selected areas of experienced stress, which are differentiated by gender and which concern interpersonal relations and the political situation, have been described. Gender also differentiates the level of life satisfaction. In the entire group of respondents, men indicate a higher level of life satisfaction than women. Life satisfaction, on the other hand, negatively correlates with the assessment of experienced stress, which is confirmed by the already existing reports on this subject. Conclusions: Persons belonging to religious communities, treating religiosity as an important value in their lives, feel a higher level of stress in this area. In addition, they experience stress on a very similar level to that of their non-religious peers, but at the same time they are characterized by a higher level of life satisfaction. The results of the study indicate the potential of religious communities and suggest a special sensitivity towards girls and women whose psychological situation is more difficult in the area of experienced stress and life satisfaction than the assessment of these aspects by boys and men.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124742307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inter-professional and patient communication as part of the personalized treatment process. A patient–doctor–pharmacist–pharmaceutical plant relationship model","authors":"Mateusz Barłóg, Katarzyna Barłóg","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v50i2.1069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v50i2.1069","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the issue of communication with the patient, as well as the professional relationship between a doctor, pharmacist and the employees of a pharmaceutical plant who are involved in the process of personalized treatment. The current literature on the subject recognizes the potential of personalized medicine, but focuses on its medical characteristics, analyzing, to a small extent, the importance of proper communication between entities involved in the treatment process. The transition from the traditional model of treatment to individualized therapy requires the expansion of the classic model of doctor-patient communication into a broader communication model which takes into account the relationship between the patient, doctor, clinic staff, pharmacist and pharmaceutical plant. The article presents the current state of development of personalized medicine and the potential of inter-professional communication in patient treatment. As a consequence, a model of the patient – doctor – pharmacist – pharmaceutical plant relationship has been proposed, taking into consideration potential opportunities and areas for development.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132102134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Communication in logotherapy as phenomenological cognition of another human being","authors":"K. Sipowicz, M. Podlecka, T. Pietras","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v50i2.1078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v50i2.1078","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to outline the issue of communication in logotherapy on the basis of existential communication, which is the foundation of phenomenological cognition of another human being. The basic assumptions of logotherapy have been presented in the context of the issue of the location of psychotherapy in relation to the question of its essence, and at the same time the basic catalyst for therapeutic change – the techniques developed on the basis of empirical evidence, or a therapeutic relationship. The next part of the article outlines the form of existential communication according to K. Jaspers in the context of phenomenological cognition of another human being.  On the background of logotherapy, the meeting of Me and You, full of authentic acceptance and devoid of ready-made interpretative patterns, allows us to discover the freedom “to”, which provides a space for authentic selection and implementation of values, taking responsibility for one’s own existence, and consequently – experiencing the meaning of life.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127769582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lectures on beauty as a way to preserve the spiritual strength and dignity of women in the German concentration camp FKL Ravensbrück in the light of the documentation of prof. Karolina Lanckorońska","authors":"Bogusława Filipowicz","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v50i2.1086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v50i2.1086","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The article aims at analysing the influence of beauty on the spirituality of women (in a philosophical sense) and the value of art history education during the secret teaching that women received in the all-female German Nazi concentration camp – FKL Ravensbrück. The clandestine lessons were initiated by the Polish teachers to save fellow prisoners, young Polish women, who were subjected to some criminal medical experiments conducted by the Germans. The researcher examines the role of telling stories about beauty and works of art in the extreme conditions, when the excruciating suffering was cumulating and depriving the prisoners of hope for survival. The author indicates the importance of influencing the listeners’ with the value of beauty contained in the lecturer’s words concerning the works of art and the emanation of her personal spiritual beauty. The research also underlines the role of the ancient method of learning through ekphrasis and emphasizes the therapeutic value of beauty. Method: Analysis of the source documents: the mémoires of the former Ravensbrück inmates and the results of Urszula Wińska’s survey. Conclusions: Attending the secret classes by the Polish women-prisoners (so called “Rabbits”, as they were subjected to the medical experiments) at FKL Ravensbrück and their education in the field of art history and aesthetics provided by prof. Karolina Lanckorońska had a double meaning. On one hand, it allowed the women to survive the camp (ad hoc effect of teaching), and on the other hand, it strengthened their need for a stronger attachment to their Polish roots and returning to the family home. It also boosted their love for the model of social life, in which one is to start one’s own family and protect the lives of its members.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129340195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spis artykułów w języku polskim","authors":"Redakcja Kwartalnika","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v3i51.1130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v3i51.1130","url":null,"abstract":"Spis artykułów w języku polskim","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130608974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Communication in the family and the system of values of young people in late adolescence","authors":"Anna Koprowicz, Iwona Gumowska","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v49i1.892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v49i1.892","url":null,"abstract":"Communication in the family fulfills a number of important functions: it enables the transfer of information and acquiring knowledge, fosters building bonds and strengthening relationships, and helps build self-esteem and identity. It also serves to convey patterns of social functioning and the value system.The aim of this study is to show the relationship between the preferred values and the assessment of communication in the generational family. 200 people aged 17 to 23 were included in the study. The research used the Short Schwartz Value Scale (SSVS) and the G scale (communication) from the FACES IV by D. Olson. The analysis of the research results shows that people who assess communication in their family best, attach great importance to such values as: benevolence, tradition, conformity and security. The k-means analysis made it possible to distinguish three clusters of the respondents, of which communication in their family is best assessed by people belonging to the second cluster, for which the highest scores regarding the preference for values related to a conservation, openness to change and self-transcendence are characteristic. The surveyed women assess communication in their families better than men. They also more often choose values that are associated with self-transcendence. Men, on the other hand, prefer values related to self-enhancement, mainly power.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130536150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}