Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University. Series «Economics»最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of the Dynamics of Foreign Currency Exchange Rates in Ukraine Including Seasonality Factors and Demand for Domestic Government Loans Bonds (Over 5-10 Years)","authors":"Violetta I. Roshylo, Samuel Long","doi":"10.52566/msu-econ.8(4).2021.88-99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52566/msu-econ.8(4).2021.88-99","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the scientific article lies in the need to substantiate the importance of the role of currency exchange rates for the robust functioning of the country’s economy. The purpose of the article is to analyse the dynamics of foreign currency exchange rates, mainly the dollar, and the euro, in Ukraine, taking into account factors of seasonality and demand for government bonds. The main methods used in the paper are statistical empirical research methods, in particular modelling. It was determined that the export of raw materials, mainly steel, and various agricultural crops such as wheat, corn, sunflower oil, soybeans, etc., plays a particularly important role in Ukraine. It was found out that the mentioned fluctuations in export are one of the reasons for the currency seasonality, but not the only one or the main reason, as the exchange rate is strongly influenced by oil, gas, and other energy resources prices, which the country needs constantly, especially during the heating season. The exchange rate of the hryvnia over the last five years within the context of the National Bank of Ukraine has also been analysed. It was found that the demand for government loans bonds is one of the most important factors in considering the foreign currencies exchange rates in Ukraine. To make models more plausible and to reduce the influence of other factors in determining seasonality of the currency with certain currency pairs with the dollar, euro, yen, zloty, and ruble, the data for the last several years has been used, which are less likely to be distorted by the influence of external factors. It has been confirmed that a successful trade policy is a key source of currency stabilisation in Ukraine. The article is useful for studying the functioning of currencies in general; for studying the economy of Ukraine, especially the country’s currency issues; for students of various economic disciplines","PeriodicalId":331060,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University. Series «Economics»","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115474757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-Spectral Analysis of Long-Term Economic Cycles","authors":"V. Derbentsev, Andrey Ovcharenko, N. V. Datsenko, Andrii V. Hrabariev","doi":"10.52566/msu-econ.8(4).2021.53-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52566/msu-econ.8(4).2021.53-59","url":null,"abstract":"One of the problems of studying economic cycles, namely long-term ones, is the choice of an adequate method that allows identifying and explaining the nature of the economic cycle according to available statistical data, which subsequently becomes the basis for predicting future economic dynamics. In addition, questions remain open not only concerning the establishment of the duration of Kondratieff cycles, but also the very fact of their existence. For this purpose, the study investigated time series of annual GDP per capita growth rates for such countries as England, France, and the Netherlands for 1820-2015. In this paper, the cross-spectral analysis approach was developed as a modelling tool for identifying long waves, the use of which, in contrast to classical Fourier spectral analysis, allows investigating the periodicity of two interrelated time series simultaneously in the frequency and time domains. As a result of the analysis, coherence and phase shift graphs were constructed for the investigated time series, which became the basis for identifying and determining the duration of economic cycles of different periods. According to the obtained results, it was found that all selected time series have a high coherence value (within the range of 0.8-0.9) in the frequency domain corresponding to K-waves with the period of 38-55 years (in the frequency range 0.025-0.015). At the same time, a slight phase shift was obtained for the frequency range corresponding to long cycles, which is an empirical confirmation of the synchronisation of the investigated time series. These facts are an additional argument for empirical confirmation of the existence of long waves. The practical significance of this study is that the identification of multi-period cycles using the proposed approach allows developing and implementing adequate counter-cyclical measures to timely regulate economic development at both the macro- and meso-levels","PeriodicalId":331060,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University. Series «Economics»","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125081075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban Parks as an Innovative Social Space and a Factor of Social and Environmental Welfare","authors":"N. Vernihorova","doi":"10.52566/msu-econ.8(4).2021.69-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52566/msu-econ.8(4).2021.69-78","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the study is supported by the fact that the key requirements for modern urban parks are their compliance with the needs of public space, along with their high importance in performing environmental functions. Public and environmental criteria for the construction of parks often contradict one another. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to present a clear integrated approach to solving the problem of developing urban parks in Ukraine and provide proposals for their additional financial and institutional support. The main direction of the methodology of scientific research was the system approach, namely its aspects: system-element, system-functional, system-resource and system-communication. The study revealed the importance of promoting parks as public space, and determined their recreational value for residents of modern metropolitan areas, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The importance of programmatic support for ecosystem services groups of parks that will contribute to their effective operation in terms of social and ecological significance is substantiated. It is proposed to introduce tax incentives and non-market forms of support for enterprises, institutions and organizations that would encourage them to participate in the improvement of parks as one of the ways to solve the lack of funding for parks and stimulate their development. It is indicated that the amount of tax benefits depends on the activity of entrepreneurs in improving parks and creating new green areas, and act on a voluntary basis. The practical value of the work lies in the fact that the recommendations can be used by the authorities in the process of developing programs for the maintenance, financing and operation of parks, in order to increase their environmental and social effectiveness in the welfare of cities","PeriodicalId":331060,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University. Series «Economics»","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125146385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rural Tourism: Diversification and Modernisation of Tourist Infrastructure (on the Materials of the Transcarpathian Region)","authors":"Mukhailo I. Pityulych, Anastasiia Feier","doi":"10.52566/msu-econ.8(4).2021.79-87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52566/msu-econ.8(4).2021.79-87","url":null,"abstract":"In modern conditions, one of the promising areas of diversification of the rural economy in the Transcarpathian region is the rapid development of rural tourism. This is largely due to the concentration of unique natural and climatic, historical, cultural, and national-ethnic resources in rural areas. The assigning of tourism as one of the important priorities of rural economic development in decentralisation has intensified research to study the main trends in rural local tourism markets, the efficiency of tourism and recreational resources, and the level of tourism infrastructure, the quality of which creates an integrated tourism product to meet needs of tourists. The research aims to analyse and assess the level of development of functional tourism infrastructure and its impact on the efficiency of local rural tourism markets, the quality of tourism services, and outline promising areas for its development. By the purpose of the article, considerable attention is paid to the analysis of the existing network of health resorts, tourist and recreational facilities that make up the material and technical base and infrastructure of tourism. Given that the most popular type of tourism in the region is rural green tourism, the paper clarifies the main factors that determine its rapid development. Much attention is paid to the analysis of factors that negatively affect the development of tourist infrastructure. It is proved that the weakest link in the infrastructure chain of the market of tourist services is the state of development of “soft” infrastructure. The perspective directions of the development of “soft” infrastructure of rural tourism are outlined, focusing on the development of innovation-institutional, innovation-organisational, information-communicative, and security components. It is proved that the development of “soft” tourist infrastructure is an important area of diversification and modernisation of the rural economy, which in combination with socio-mental modernisation can ensure sustainable development of rural areas of Transcarpathia","PeriodicalId":331060,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University. Series «Economics»","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131383450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodological Support for the Analysis of Debt Security in Agribusiness and Measures to Improve Its Level","authors":"A. Hevchuk, Belle Christoffers","doi":"10.52566/msu-econ.8(3).2021.18-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52566/msu-econ.8(3).2021.18-30","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the study lies in the fact that in modern competitive environment for effective business management, the analysis of settlements, namely the state of accounts receivable and accounts payable, which are an integral part of monetary relations and play an important role for risk assessment of the impact on the development of agribusiness is important. The purpose of this study is to improve the methodological support for the analysis of debt security in agribusiness and measures to improve its level as an effective way to manage settlements. Methodological techniques for comparing indicators and ratio analysis techniques were used to analyse calculations. The approaches of scientists to organise the analysis of settlements and debt security assessment in agribusiness are summarised and two phases are highlighted: 1) providing analysis; 2) organising the analytical process. Provisions are determined for the organisation of settlements analysis in terms of tasks, objects, subjects, frequency and stages which include: analysis of structure and dynamics of settlements, analysis of turnover of accounts receivable and payable; analysis of quality of settlements and assessment of debt security. A model of settlement analysis methodology has been proposed with the separation of debt security assessment, accounting and evaluation based on an integral indicator which includes: debt load indicators, structure indicators, quality indicators, and turnover indicators. It has been found that the improvement of methodological support through the introduction of the debt security assessment methodology provides ample opportunities for a comprehensive analysis of agribusiness calculations, enables the identification of threats and is the result of a detailed analysis of calculations. A matrix of measures to improve debt security is considered. The practical value of scientific work lies in the introduction of methods of analysis of settlements with the assessment of debt security, which will control the status of settlements with counterparties, reduce the risk of non-repayment of receivables, determine the need for additional resources to cover accounts payable and contribute to risk reduction","PeriodicalId":331060,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University. Series «Economics»","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116930021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Trends in Improving Public Service Delivery in Ukraine","authors":"T. Slobodeniuk","doi":"10.52566/msu-econ.8(3).2021.75-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52566/msu-econ.8(3).2021.75-83","url":null,"abstract":"In the aspect of the European integration aspirations of Ukrainian society and the social development of the nation state, the issues of its service function formation in the form of public services are becoming more and more relevant in Ukraine. It is worth noting that the functioning of the service state model in Ukraine is only at its initial stage and requires improvement of the institutional arrangements for the public services delivery, which involves taking into account existing problems of their delivery by public authorities in the process of deepening the local government reform and long-term restructuring of the national economy. The purpose of the article is to state the areas of concern in the system for providing administrative, social, housing and public utility services, and to define and elaborate on long-term trends for improving their functioning, as well as their common features and characteristics. The modern general and specific scientific research methods have provided the methodological basis for the research. Their use is based on a systematic approach. The analytical method was used to identify the problematic area of the branched public service delivery system. The comparative-functional and analytical methods were used to identify modern trends in improving the provision of administrative, social, housing and public utility services, their functioning, as well as their common features and characteristics. The research process has provided a comprehensive grounding and articulation of promising trends in improving the system of providing administrative, social and housing and public utility services in Ukraine and identifying their functional features and common characteristics","PeriodicalId":331060,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University. Series «Economics»","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129975332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Process of Designing Artificial Intelligence: Development Trends and Prospects","authors":"Eugeniu B. Cozac","doi":"10.52566/msu-econ.8(3).2021.84-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52566/msu-econ.8(3).2021.84-92","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of research is due to the rapid development of artificial intelligence. It is an important technology that supports everyday social, technical, and economic activities. Artificial intelligence allows computers to learn from their own experience, adapt to set parameters, and perform tasks that were previously only possible for humans. In this regard, this article is aimed at identifying trends and prospects for the development of artificial intelligence. Another considerable task is to highlight the principles of building artificial intelligence systems. Developing an artificial intelligence system differs from building a conventional system as it requires a systematic approach, big data analysis, and model training. Building an artificial intelligence system − is a detailed process of reverse engineering human traits, capabilities of a machine, and using its computational power to surpass humans' skills. The leading approach to the study of this issue is literature analysis, which makes it possible to comprehensively consider artificial intelligence development. This article includes the modern foundations of artificial intelligence and various representative applications. In the context of the modern digital world, artificial intelligence is the property of machines, computer programmes and systems to perform intellectual and creative human functions, independently find ways to solve issues, be able to draw conclusions and make decisions. The research materials are of practical value for a critical analysis of current artificial intelligence capabilities, reasons why it still cannot achieve human intelligence, and the challenges it faces when achieving and surpassing the level of human intelligence","PeriodicalId":331060,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University. Series «Economics»","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129388554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors of Sustainable Intensification in Agriculture of Ukraine: Evidence from the Enterprises of the Kharkivska Oblast","authors":"S. Strapchuk, Olena Mykolenko","doi":"10.52566/msu-econ.8(3).2021.9-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52566/msu-econ.8(3).2021.9-17","url":null,"abstract":"Reducing the negative impact of agricultural enterprises' activities on the environment with an increase in food demand can be achieved by implementing sustainable intensification measures, where the key measure is an increase in crop yields while reducing the use of resources. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors of sustainable intensification of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine by building a model of the interdependence of yield on the level of diversity of agricultural crops, application of organic fertilisers, availability of animal husbandry on the farm, labour costs, mineral fertilisers and depreciation, the use of fuel materials per 1 ha and the level of payback of costs. During the scientific study, a sample of 516 enterprises of the Kharkivska Oblast that grow agricultural products was processed; some of them are engaged in animal husbandry. Using the correlation and regression analysis method, data was analysed and processed using specialised Microsoft Excel and SPSS 21 software. The paper presents a model of the dependence of the yield of agricultural enterprises of the Kharkivska Oblast on numerous factors that were selected based on the theoretical provisions of the sustainable intensification of agriculture. It was found out that the diversity of agricultural crops, the application of organic fertilisers, the availability of animal husbandry on the farm, and labour costs are considerable factors and have both a positive and negative impact on yield. The model applied the effect of interaction between two factors, which showed the greatest impact on the dependent variable. The study provides reasoning for the availability of the highest yield among enterprises that additionally engage in economic activities for raising animals, as well as specialise in the production of various crops. The practical significance of the results obtained lies in the provision of proposals on the areas of sustainable intensification of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine","PeriodicalId":331060,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University. Series «Economics»","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114794469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in the Economic Development of Democratic Kampuchea (1975-1979)","authors":"D. Kupriyanov","doi":"10.52566/msu-econ.8(3).2021.102-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52566/msu-econ.8(3).2021.102-116","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the study is conditioned by the need to examine individual historical stages of Cambodia's economic development to establish the basis for further improvement of the economic system. The purpose of the research was to analyse analytically the development of the economy of Democratic Kampuchea and the role of friendly countries in it. The study on the stated subject was conducted using general scientific theoretical research methods, in particular, methods of analysis, synthesis, and comparison. The article examines the economy of Democratic Kampuchea in the middle of the second half of the 70s. It is determined that after gaining full independence from the French colonialists, followed by the struggle for independence against the Americans, and then the Khmer Rouge era, there was a need to restore and improve the country's economy. The study described the general state of the key industries of Democratic Kampuchea, in particular, light, food, agricultural engineering, heavy, electronic, construction, forestry, chemical, rubber, and military; the principles of conducting trade relations with the countries of the socialist and capitalist camps, and the development features of agriculture under the rule of the Khmer Rouge. The results of the analysis showed that during this period the republic managed to restore agriculture and ensure its subsequent growth, and the updated industry was already fully functioning with the help of the friend countries. The practical value of the study is determined by the integral characteristic of the economic system of Democratic Kampuchea, which contributes to the functional solution of the economic problems of modern Cambodia","PeriodicalId":331060,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University. Series «Economics»","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123056001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creation of a Risk Management Culture on the Example of MNS Investment LLC","authors":"Iryna V. Fedulova Fedulova, Anastasiia Y. Havryliuk, Karl Ricketts","doi":"10.52566/msu-econ.8(3).2021.31-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52566/msu-econ.8(3).2021.31-38","url":null,"abstract":"Creating a risk management culture is an important task for any enterprise in a changing and unpredictable external environment. The purpose of this study is to consider the theoretical foundations of determining the essence of the risk management culture and practical aspects of its creation in the enterprise. The article discusses the methodological provisions of the creation of a risk management culture at the enterprise, according to which a system of parameters for risk management is built: a list of key success factors and risk management indicators in the context of the main risk groups, the activity scope of the company under study, and the areas of influence on risks. Risk management culture is considered a complex concept that determines how much all employees of an enterprise are aware of the values within the risk management system and how much the results of their activities are associated with achieving the lowest risk targets. For that purpose, the company must provide risk identification, risk analysis, risk response, and risk control. The creation of a risk management culture involves combining all these stages into an united company management chain. The methodology for creating a risk management culture was tested at MNS Investment LLC. As a result of the analysis, a risk rating was constructed in terms of the degree of their impact on the main key success indicators. The relationship of identified risks with the main activity fields of the company and the areas of influence on risks is analysed. It was discovered that the greatest risk to the company's activities in terms of impact on the purpose achievement is the risk of violating the reliability and financial status of suppliers. The use of this methodological approach is of practical value since it allows integrating the stages of risk management into the company's activities","PeriodicalId":331060,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University. Series «Economics»","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124142692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}