Proceedings OCEANS最新文献

{"title":"Analysis Of Water Surface Oscillations Induced By Waves In The Pits Of The Intake Pipeline","authors":"K. Ishino","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1989.587118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1989.587118","url":null,"abstract":"Technology Research Center, Taisei Corporation 344-1 Nasemachi Totukaku Yokohama 245, Japan The water intakes of plants near the coast facing the open sea may sometimes be affected by waves. When waves enter into the intake, free water surfaces in manholes, pump pits, etc., of the intake pipeline system are forced to move up and down. If the amplitude of oscillation increases, water may overflow manholes, or the suction of pumps may drop. Senshu et a1 (1969) studied theoretical analysis of forced oscillations of water surface in a pit of an intake pipeline due to waves. This paper describes the basic equations and numerical analysis procedure of forced oscillations of water surface in the pits of intake pipelines due to waves. The validity of numerical analysis procedure was confirmed by comparing the calculated amplitude of oscillations with the results of experiment. The calculated amplitude of oscillations agreed with the experiment results. INTRODUCTION Cooling water intakes are often located near the coast facing the open sea because plants near the coast commonly use seawater for cooling. In the pipeline between the cooling water intake and the pump room, pits (manholes) such as those for the entry of robots which remove marine life from the inner wall are often installed. When waves are incident on such a coastal intake pipelines, oscillations occur on the free water surface in the pits. Severe water surface oscillations may cause water to overflow from the pit, entrainment of air into the pump resulting in abnormally low water levels in the pump pit, or problems with the capacity of the pump (see Fig. 1 Conceptual Outline of Water Intake Facilities). To avoid such problems, the oscillations of each water surface must be calculated for waves incident on the intake. Analysis of free water surface oscillations in a water intake pipeline is found in Senshu's report. In Senshu's report, a pipeline with a single free water surface at the end of a one-way water intake pipe is considered. Pit (manhole) Pump pit Sea wall /----I Water over flow Side view Ld = 1 9 3 . 2 ~ ~ Fig. 2 Branch water intake model Branch water intakes and water intakes with several free surfaces were not studied. This paper describes a numerical analysis of forced water surface oscillations in the pits of intake pipelines due to waves. Secondly, the results of a hydraulic model experiment which was undertaken to verify the analysis are presented. WATER SURFACE OSCILLATION ANALYSIS 1. Basic equations for water surface oscillation The continuity equations and equations of motion are given below for the water flow between the free water surfaces of the branch water intake pipelines shown in Fig. 2 1.1 Equations of continuity AI-dZl . -al*Vl+a2*V2 ..................... (1) d t dz2 d z 3 A2'= -a2-V2+a3-V3+a4*V4 ............... (2) A3.= -a3*V3 ............................ (3) d t d t d z 4 A4'= -a4*V4 ........................... (4) d t The t h i r d term on the right-hand side o","PeriodicalId":331017,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings OCEANS","volume":"387 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133785299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Technology In Fisheries Protection.","authors":"W.R. Hoyl, J. Hammer","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1989.592888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1989.592888","url":null,"abstract":"In the past few years fisheries protection activities have been greatly assisted by high technology. A few years ago, data integration on a fisheries patrol vessel meant having the Loran C and Radar information both recorded in the same log book. Today the same vessels are fitted with two or three navigation systems and an ARPA Radar, with all data being fed into a computer which electronically displays the position of the radar targets with respect to the territorial limit. The data from these systems is also being used in court, removing any doubt concerning the position of the target vessel. In addition, the patrol vessels are being fed intelligence collected from reconnaissance aircraft and many carry their own information gathering helicopters. Major steps are currently being taken in the area of Fisheries Information Systems. Qubit have been involved directly with this revolution in fisheries protection and this paper will discuss some of these advances.","PeriodicalId":331017,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings OCEANS","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120984253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term Trends And Intewual Variations Of Sea Level In The Pacific Northwestern Region Of The United States","authors":"H. Mofjeld","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1989.592870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1989.592870","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":331017,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings OCEANS","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117217281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproductive Impairment In Two Species Of Fish From Contaminated Areas Off Southern California","authors":"J. N. Cross, J. Hose","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1989.586744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1989.586744","url":null,"abstract":"The reproductive success of white croaker (Genyonemus linea­ tus) and kelp bass (Paralabrax clathratus), important sport and commercial fishes, was lower in degraded habitats near Los Angeles than in reference areas some distance away. Body burdens of chlorinated hydrocarbons were an order of magni­ tude higher in females from the contaminated site. The percent of fish spawning was 24-68% lower, batch fecundity was 36-44% lower, and proportion of eggs fertilized was 14-45% lower at the contaminated site. These data may partially explain reductions in stocks of local sport and commercial fishes in southern Cali­ fornia in the last four decades.","PeriodicalId":331017,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings OCEANS","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116595543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Landlocked States' New Rights To Adjacent Coastal States ` Living Marine Resources: Is There Anything Left For Them?","authors":"F. Gable","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1989.592849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1989.592849","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":331017,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings OCEANS","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116178733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Development Of A Solid-State, 5 mS Dissolved Oxygen Sensor","authors":"R. D. Hudson, G.M. Eaton","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1989.587124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1989.587124","url":null,"abstract":"The d e v e l o p m e n t o f a. p a . t e n t e d , s o l i d s t a . t e d i s s o l v e d o x y g e n s e n s o r i s d e s c r i b e d . T e s t s u n d e r v a . r i o u s c o n d i t i o n s o f t e m p e r a t u r e , f l o w a.nd p r e s s u r e ha.ve s h o w n t h e s u i t a , b i l i t y o f t h e s e n s o r f o r u s e i n f r e s h w a . t e r a n d 0cea.n c o n d i t i o n s . The u n i t ha.s a. r e s p o n s e t ime of l e s s ; t h a n 10 m i l l i s e c o n d s t o l a . r g e o x y g e n c h a n g e s ( i n u n s t i r r e d c o n d i t i o n s w h e r e a. s : ~ . g n i f i c a . n t b o u n d a r y l a . y e r e x i s t s ) . When i m m e r s e d i n a. w e l l s t i r r e d e n v i r o n m e n t (a.ncl t h e b o u n d a . r y 1 a . y e r i s c o r r e s p o n d i n g l y small), r e s p o n s e t i m e s o f l e s s tha .n 4 m i l l i s e c o n d s 1la.ve b e e n o b t a i n e d , ma.king i t compa. ra .b le i n s p e e d t o t h e c o n d u c t i v i t y , s e n s o r s u s e d i n 0cea .n C T D s . The d e v i c e ’ s p e r f o r m a , n c e c o n t r a . s t s m o s t f a . v o r a . b l y w i t h e x i s t i n g c o m m e r c i a . 1 d i s s o l v e d o x y g e n d e v i c e s , w h i c h ha.ve t i m e c o n s t a , n t s o f t h e order o f I 5 s e c o n d s o r l o n g e r . A s e c o n d g e n e r a . t i o n s e n s o r ,, s p c c i f i c a . l l y t a . i l o r e d f o r o c e a n a , p p l i c a . t i o n s i s d e s c r i b e d . T h i c k f i l m a.nd h y b r i d c i r c u i t t e c h n i q u e s a . re e m p l o y e d i n i t s f a , b r i c a , t i o n . F i e l d ds . ta . a . r e p r e s e n t e d . t e m p e r a. t u r e a.n ci d e p t 11 I N T R O D U C T I O N O x y g e n i s t h e m o s t i m p o r t a . n t d i s s o l v e d g a s f o r a l l f o r m s o f l i f e i n w a t e r . M e a , s u r e m e n t o f d i s s o l v e d o x y g e n ( D O ) i n a.n a . q u e o u s medium i s s i g n i f i c a . n t i n medica.] . , b i o 1 o g i ca. 1, e n v i r o n m e n t a l a.nd o c e a . n o g r a p h i c s e t t i n g s . D e t e r m i n a t i o n o f o x y g e n ‘ c o n t e n t on a c o n t i n u o u s b a s i s h8.s u s u a . l l y b e e n d o n e u s i n g p o l a r o g r a . p h i c or g a , l v a . n i c m e t h o d s ( 1 , 2 ) . T h e i n t r o d u c t i o n o f a. m e m b r a n e t y p e s e n s o r i m p r o v e d t h e u s e f u l n e s s o f t h e t e c h n i q u e , when compa. red t o t h e i o d o m e t r i c t i t r a . t i o n ( W i n k l e r ) m e t h o d , w h i c h wa.s p i o n e e r e d a c e n t u r y a g o ; b u t t o d a t e , p o l a . r o g r a p h i c s e n s o : r s a . re s l o w t o r e s p o n d , a . re m a . i n t e n a , n c e i n t e n s i v e , p r o n e t o d r i f t , a.nd a r e t e m p e r a . t u r e a.nd p r e s s u r e s e n s i t i v e . The p o l a , r o g r a . p h i c t e c h n i q u e u s e s two n o b l e meta .1 e l e c t r o d e s , i m m e r s e d i n a.n e l e ","PeriodicalId":331017,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings OCEANS","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115702628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability Of Sediment Quality Assessment In Puget Sound","authors":"R. Barrick, H. Beller","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1989.586752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1989.586752","url":null,"abstract":"To be useful in environmental management, sediment criteria must, at a minimum, reliably identify environmental problems. Two measures of reliability are evaluated using actual field data from 13 urban and nonurban embayments in Puget Sound Sensitivity in detecting environmental problems (i.e., are all biologically impacted sediments identified) Efficiency in screening environmental problems (i.e., are & biologically impacted sediments identified). High overall reliability results from correct prediction of a large percentage of biologically impacted stations (i.e., high sensitivity; few false negatives) and correct prediction of a large percentage of the nonimpacted stations (i.e., high efficiency; few false positives). These measures of reliability were applied to a range of sediment criteria generated by the Equilibrium Partitioning (EP) and Apparent Effects Threshold (AET) approaches. Overall reliability ranged from 44-64 percent for the EP approach and from 42-85 percent for the AET approach, depending on the particular criterion and biological indicator tested. A higher percentage of correct predictions was made using a combination of the two approaches than by either approach alone. Unless cause-effect relationships between contaminants and adverse biological effects can be acceptably established, additional steps are necessary to ensure that remedial actions effectively mitigate predicted problems. Recommended steps based on the principles of sensitivity and efficiency include: 1) screen out sediments for which a lower range of criteria sensitively predict no adverse effects, 2) perform biological testing of sediments for which there is substantial disagreement among predictions in a middle range of available criteria, and 3) efficiently predict problem sediments from chemical data using a higher range of criteria that provides a preponderance of evidence of adverse biological effects. Optional biological testing using a battery of indicators provides a means of verifying sediment predictions for site-specific concerns. Such a management program is currently used in Puget Sound.","PeriodicalId":331017,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings OCEANS","volume":"1996 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116917460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Installation Of A Deep-sea Water Supply System For Mariculture","authors":"T. Toyota, T. Nakashima, T. Fujita, S. Ishii, K. Hagiwara, K. Merino, K. Shimizu","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1989.592890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1989.592890","url":null,"abstract":"A system was installed of pumping 460 m3 per day of deep-sea water from a depth of 320 m to shore for cultivating fish, shellfish, and algae. The material and the installation method were tested of a deep-sea water pipe. The particularly severe wave conditions that exist during a typhoon at the system site pose unique problems. It was determined that the most suitable material for a deep-sea water pipe was high-density polyethylene with steel wire armor, and that the reel-barge method was optimal for laying this pipe. Laying work was done accurately in a short period (two days). It was found that laying high-density polyethylene pipe with a steel wire armor by the reel-barge method was the best combination for construction of a deep-sea water supply pipeline. Before laying work, it was predicted that approximately 5 % of the total pipe was necessary for extra pipe because of possible errors during laying. During actual laying work, the pipe length was found to be practically equal to a designed pipeline length.","PeriodicalId":331017,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings OCEANS","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121215765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Surface Wind Vectors Resulting From The Assimilation Of Satellite Wind Speed Data In Atmospheric General Circulation Models","authors":"R. Atlas, S. Bloom","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1989.592880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1989.592880","url":null,"abstract":"Methodology for assigning direction to satel l i te surface wind speed data has been developed and tested. Results from these tests show the relative accuracy of each approach and indicate that this methodology should enable the assimilation of currently available SMMR, SSM/I and Geosat wind speed observations.","PeriodicalId":331017,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings OCEANS","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121217742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methods of Ocean Research with Manned Submersibles","authors":"A. Sagalevitch","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1989.586669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1989.586669","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":331017,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings OCEANS","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121934844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}