Proceedings OCEANS最新文献_第10页

Effects Of Topography And Buoyant Plumes Near-bottom Currents Over A Mid-ocean Ridge 地形和海洋中脊近底流浮力羽状流的影响

Proceedings OCEANS Pub Date : 1989-09-18 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1989.592818

R. Thomson

引用次数: 1

Contemporary Pesticide Usage In The Puget Sound Basin: A Level Of Concern Approach For Evaluating Aquatic Contamination Potential 普吉特海湾流域当代农药使用:一种评估水生污染潜力的关注水平方法

Proceedings OCEANS Pub Date : 1989-09-18 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1989.586851

G. Pascoe

{"title":"Contemporary Pesticide Usage In The Puget Sound Basin: A Level Of Concern Approach For Evaluating Aquatic Contamination Potential","authors":"G. Pascoe","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1989.586851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1989.586851","url":null,"abstract":"The Puget Sound basin, a 12-county region near Seattle,WA, contains a diverse economic base in which a wide variety of modem chemicals are used for pest control. Such modern pesticides are seldom included in sampling surveys or monitoring programs because investigators generally are unaware of their potential presence. This study was initiated to fill that information gap. Pesticides currently used in the basin were identified and ranked by a three-tiered level of concern approach. Ranks were based on relative potential to migrate to and endanger the aquatic environment ofpuget Sound. Three major factors were evaluated: estimated amount of pesticide usage in the basin, fate in the environment, and toxicity to nontarget aquatic organisms. Usage Pesticide usage rates were estimated for 20 user categories, using limited surveys, interviews, and, for urban pesticide usage, extrapolation from sources outside the basin. An estimated 2.8 million pounds comprising 120 pesticide active ingredients are used annually in the basin. Major use categories, in rank order, are urban, military, agricultural, transportation-related (i.e., for right-of-ways), and forest-related. Estimated annual usage rates for the major pesticides used in the Puget Sound basin are summarized in the following figure. Estimated Pesticide Usage in the Puget Sound Basin a","PeriodicalId":331017,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings OCEANS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125973069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A Modular Approach To Exploratory Data Analysis 探索性数据分析的模块化方法

Proceedings OCEANS Pub Date : 1989-09-18 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1989.587487

W. Hodgkiss

引用次数: 2

Hydroacoustic Assessment Of Fish Stocks In The Gulf Of Nicoya, Costa Rica 哥斯达黎加尼科亚湾鱼类种群的水声评价

Proceedings OCEANS Pub Date : 1989-09-18 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1989.587476

John B. Hedgepethl, Richard E. Thome

{"title":"Hydroacoustic Assessment Of Fish Stocks In The Gulf Of Nicoya, Costa Rica","authors":"John B. Hedgepethl, Richard E. Thome","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1989.587476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1989.587476","url":null,"abstract":"The Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica is a relatively shallow, tidallyinfluenced estuary that supports a substantial artisanal fishery on various stocks, primarily corvinas. Little is known about the population size or productivity of these stocks. Hydroacoustic techniques have been successfully applied to fish population estimation in many circumstances. However, application to the Gulf of Nicoya stocks faces a double consideration: economic considerations force a relatively simple, cost effective approach, but the environment, including the species and size composition is complex. We approached the problem of the complex biological composition with Clay's deconvolution technique. This approach allowed us to obtain substantial information about the acoustic size characteristics and density of the fishes with a relatively simple, single-beam echo sounder. We implemented the deconvolution analysis, along with standard echo integration techniques, using the BioSonics ESP acoustic signal processing system. This PC-based system combines portability with substantial processing power and storage capability. The deconvolution technique provides the necessary scaling factor for echo integration, so that absolute population estimates can be made. INTRODUCTION The Gulf of Nicoya covers about 1530 square kilometers and is the largest of the Pacific Ocean gulfs of Costa Rica. The inner or northern half of the Gulf is more shallow than the outer parts, with typical depths of 4 to 20 meters. About 50% of the production of fish and invertebrates in Costa Rica comes from the Gulf of Nicoya [l]. Artisanal fisheries contribute to the majority of landings. The dominant group of the 100 species of commercial fishes is the Sciaenidae, consisting of 31 species. About 30% of the Gulf's production is represented by three sciaenids, the corvina species Cvnoscion albus (corvina reina), Cvnoscion sauambinnis (corvina aguada) and Micropogonias ah innis (corvina agria). Until now knowledge about the abundance of fishes in the Gulf of Nicoya came from fisheries landing statistics and some scientific trawl sampling. Using semi-balloon trawls, Leon [2] found that, in the inner Gulf, a non-commercial sciaenid dominated catches, followed by sea catfish, then engraulids and clupeids. From a later survey, Bartels et al. [31 published a similar finding except that engraulids and clupeids were less important. During September 1987, we began a survey of the inner Gulf of Nicoya using hydroacoustic equipment consisting of a singlebeam echo sounder. Groundtruthing by net sampling was limited, but a rapport with fishermen was established to sample catches aboard vessels and to work in proximity to their fishing gear. Early in 1988, we designed and built a midwater trawl in order that groundtruthing could proceed unhindered, and we conducted another survey in the inner Gulf, August and September 1988. We have begun to analyze this most recent data with deconvolution analysis [4,5], along with ec","PeriodicalId":331017,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings OCEANS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120812857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydrodynamic Model Tests Of Pen Systems 钢笔系统的水动力模型试验

Proceedings OCEANS Pub Date : 1989-09-18 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1989.592892

G. Loverich, B. Griffin, C. Goudey

引用次数: 0

Hydromechanical Analysis And Design Of Horizontal Sonar Line Arrays 水平声纳线阵的流体力学分析与设计

Proceedings OCEANS Pub Date : 1989-09-18 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1989.587104

R. McLauchlan

引用次数: 0

Variations In Mechanical Properties Within A Multi-year Ice Floe 多年浮冰力学特性的变化

Proceedings OCEANS Pub Date : 1989-09-18 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1989.587526

W. Tucker, J. Richter-Menge, A. Gow

{"title":"Variations In Mechanical Properties Within A Multi-year Ice Floe","authors":"W. Tucker, J. Richter-Menge, A. Gow","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1989.587526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1989.587526","url":null,"abstract":"Ice cores taken from several locations on a multi-year floe show significant horizontal and vertical variations in their physical properties. Composite plate theory was used to determine the flexural rigidity from these ice properties. Rigidities calculated using brine volume alone and using both brine and air volumes show a srong dependence on ice thickness. thickness to determine rigidities over a small area of the floe shows large variability due to major changes in thickness. INTRODUCTION Using ice It is well known that the physical properties of sea ice vary significantly with depth. systematic variation of entrapped brine and temperature in a growing first-year i e s eet has been documented in a number of studies. 11''3'' The temperature profile is typically linear, increasing with depth from the cold surface to the freezing point at the bottom of the ice sheet. As a result, the salinity profile is typically C-shaped, with the highest salinities occurring at the top and bottom of the ice sheet. profiles, of course, change dramatically with the warming of the ice sheet during summer. The physical properties of multi-year ice also vary with depth. Due to the unique evolutionary process of each multi-year ice floe, however, the variation is not nearly as predictable as that for first-year ice sheets. Salinities are generally very low near the surface because of flushing that occurs during the warm summer period. with depth, although the profile may be erratic or discontinuous, depending on the history of the floe. Variations in the crystal structure and the presence of deformed ice affects the distribution of the saline brine within the ice. For instance, granular ice may trap and hold more brine because a system of brine drainage channels cannot be easily established. If columnar ice has been deformed such that the well established drainage channels are inclined (as in the tilted blocks of a ridge or rubble field), normal drainage systems are interrupted and the brine drainage may be enhanced or d'minished. Recent investigations in the Fram Strait'\" confirm that there are substantial variations in the vertical property profiles among multi-year floes. Properties also vary significantly within the same multi-year floe, as was clearly pointed out by Cox and Weeks,* who found large vertical and horizontal variations of salinity across a small area of a multi-year floe. In addition to the significant variation in the physical properties of the floe both vertically and horizontally, 5hg thickness of multi-year floes varies considerably. ' Large variations in thickness are caused by the incorporation of deformed ice, namely ridges that have consolidated by weathering and have become an integral part of the floe. Small thickness undulations are stimulated by surface melt ponds, which can cause The relatively","PeriodicalId":331017,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings OCEANS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129169024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Eastern Arctic Ambient Noise 北极东部环境噪声

Proceedings OCEANS Pub Date : 1989-09-18 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1989.587517

R. Pritchard

引用次数: 0

Recovery Of Santa Monica Bay From Sludge Discharge: Progress Report 圣莫尼卡湾污泥回收:进度报告

Proceedings OCEANS Pub Date : 1989-09-18 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1989.586757

B. Thompson, J. Dorsey

引用次数: 3

Analysis Of Water Surface Oscillations Induced By Waves In The Pits Of The Intake Pipeline 进气管道坑内波浪引起的水面振荡分析

Proceedings OCEANS Pub Date : 1989-09-18 DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.1989.587118

K. Ishino

{"title":"Analysis Of Water Surface Oscillations Induced By Waves In The Pits Of The Intake Pipeline","authors":"K. Ishino","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.1989.587118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.1989.587118","url":null,"abstract":"Technology Research Center, Taisei Corporation 344-1 Nasemachi Totukaku Yokohama 245, Japan The water intakes of plants near the coast facing the open sea may sometimes be affected by waves. When waves enter into the intake, free water surfaces in manholes, pump pits, etc., of the intake pipeline system are forced to move up and down. If the amplitude of oscillation increases, water may overflow manholes, or the suction of pumps may drop. Senshu et a1 (1969) studied theoretical analysis of forced oscillations of water surface in a pit of an intake pipeline due to waves. This paper describes the basic equations and numerical analysis procedure of forced oscillations of water surface in the pits of intake pipelines due to waves. The validity of numerical analysis procedure was confirmed by comparing the calculated amplitude of oscillations with the results of experiment. The calculated amplitude of oscillations agreed with the experiment results. INTRODUCTION Cooling water intakes are often located near the coast facing the open sea because plants near the coast commonly use seawater for cooling. In the pipeline between the cooling water intake and the pump room, pits (manholes) such as those for the entry of robots which remove marine life from the inner wall are often installed. When waves are incident on such a coastal intake pipelines, oscillations occur on the free water surface in the pits. Severe water surface oscillations may cause water to overflow from the pit, entrainment of air into the pump resulting in abnormally low water levels in the pump pit, or problems with the capacity of the pump (see Fig. 1 Conceptual Outline of Water Intake Facilities). To avoid such problems, the oscillations of each water surface must be calculated for waves incident on the intake. Analysis of free water surface oscillations in a water intake pipeline is found in Senshu's report. In Senshu's report, a pipeline with a single free water surface at the end of a one-way water intake pipe is considered. Pit (manhole) Pump pit Sea wall /----I Water over flow Side view Ld = 1 9 3 . 2 ~ ~ Fig. 2 Branch water intake model Branch water intakes and water intakes with several free surfaces were not studied. This paper describes a numerical analysis of forced water surface oscillations in the pits of intake pipelines due to waves. Secondly, the results of a hydraulic model experiment which was undertaken to verify the analysis are presented. WATER SURFACE OSCILLATION ANALYSIS 1. Basic equations for water surface oscillation The continuity equations and equations of motion are given below for the water flow between the free water surfaces of the branch water intake pipelines shown in Fig. 2 1.1 Equations of continuity AI-dZl . -al*Vl+a2*V2 ..................... (1) d t dz2 d z 3 A2'= -a2-V2+a3-V3+a4*V4 ............... (2) A3.= -a3*V3 ............................ (3) d t d t d z 4 A4'= -a4*V4 ........................... (4) d t The t h i r d term on the right-hand side o","PeriodicalId":331017,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings OCEANS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133785299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0