Aging Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Insights Into the Mechanisms of Biological Aging That Guide Translational and Clinical Research","authors":"Evandro Fei Fang,&nbsp;Hilde Nilsen,&nbsp;Morten Scheibye-Knudsen,&nbsp;Vilhelm A. Bohr,&nbsp;Lin Kang","doi":"10.1002/agm2.70107","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.70107","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding the molecular mechanisms of aging guides the development of prevention, intervention, and treatment strategies to reduce the incidence of common age-associated diseases. Over the past decades, the proposed key features (hallmarks) of aging cells have directly or indirectly provided us clues, furthering our understanding of the causes of disease and assisting with the development of therapeutic strategies for diseases such as rare premature aging diseases like Werner syndrome and ataxia telangiectasia (A-T), as well as the common age-related diseases like dementia and sarcopenia. In this editorial, we take a closer look at three of these hallmarks including genomic instability, defective macroautophagy, and mitochondrial dysfunction, and the applications of these concepts in understanding the progress of complex diseases. Mounting studies from the laboratory, supported by emerging clinical evidence, point to the reduction of the oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) as a commonality between many of these hallmarks of aging. Intriguingly, stimulating mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy) via improvement of NAD⁺ availability appears to be a promising and effective therapeutic strategy for many diseases relating to aging. Future studies on the hallmarks of aging should address their internal linkages and clinical interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"9 4","pages":"370-373"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shared Metabolic–Proteinopathy Axis in Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease: Evidence for a Convergent but Not Identical Disease Spectrum","authors":"Shun-yu Yao,&nbsp;Miao-qiao Du,&nbsp;Lan-xin Lin,&nbsp;Xu-hui Kang,&nbsp;Dai-yi Jiang,&nbsp;Yong Peng","doi":"10.1002/agm2.70099","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.70099","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the two most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders globally and have long been classified as clinically and pathologically distinct syndromes. AD is defined by amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and tau-positive neurofibrillary tangles, whereas PD is characterized by α-synuclein aggregation and progressive degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. However, mounting evidence has blurred the traditional boundaries between these disorders, revealing extensive overlaps in pathogenic cascades, clinical phenotypes, and epidemiological risk factors. In this review, we propose an integrated mechanistic framework in which AD and PD represent distinct yet partially overlapping disorders along a convergent neurodegenerative spectrum, unified by a core metabolic–proteinopathy axis. We highlight cerebral insulin resistance and impaired brain glucose metabolism as pivotal upstream triggers that initiate a cascade of pathological events, including mitochondrial dysfunction, energy depletion, oxidative stress, chronic neuroinflammation, and disrupted proteostasis. These disturbances collectively drive aberrant folding and aggregation of Aβ, tau, and α-synuclein, establishing a mechanistic link between systemic metabolic dysregulation and region-selective neuronal vulnerability. We synthesize evidence from molecular studies, preclinical models, clinicopathological analyses, neuroimaging, and longitudinal epidemiological surveys to delineate the extent and limitations of mechanistic convergence. We also emphasize consistent divergences between AD and PD, including distinct patterns of neuroanatomical involvement, dominant clinical presentations, pathological propagation trajectories, and genetic architectures. Epidemiological data confirm that Type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance are associated with elevated risk of both AD and PD. Moreover, antidiabetic agents such as GLP-1 receptor agonists exhibit convergent neuroprotective efficacy in preclinical and early clinical investigations, supporting metabolic modulation as a promising cross-disease therapeutic strategy. Despite shared downstream pathways and therapeutic targets, AD and PD retain unique pathological signatures and clinical progression patterns. This review provides a balanced, evidence-based interpretation of the AD–PD relationship, highlighting partial pathogenic convergence driven by metabolic dysfunction while affirming their identities as distinct disorders. The proposed metabolic–proteinopathy framework advances mechanistic understanding and informs the development of novel disease-modifying therapies targeting shared upstream pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"9 4","pages":"426-437"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535938/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148881685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beneficial Body Mass Index for Age-Related Kidney Function in Males and Females","authors":"Lu Wei,&nbsp;Yao Ma,&nbsp;Xueqi Chen,&nbsp;Xinran Ni,&nbsp;Yu Zhang,&nbsp;Bei Zhu,&nbsp;Qun Zhang,&nbsp;Weihong Zhao","doi":"10.1002/agm2.70102","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.70102","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Kidney function declines with aging, leading to a high prevalence of age-related disease. Concurrently, the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity may influence age-related kidney changes. This study aims to clarify the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and kidney function in the Chinese population, with a focus on sex differences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study involving 343,040 Chinese adults, stratified by sex and age. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated using the CKD-EPI formula based on serum creatinine. We examined trends in BMI and its distribution across age groups, as well as the patterns of estimated GFR (eGFR) decline within BMI subgroups. Multi-linear and multi-logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between BMI and age-related kidney function.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>BMI levels and categories varied with age, exhibiting sex-specific patterns. Overweight and obese individuals experienced a more pronounced decline in eGFR, except for females under 45. In males, BMI showed a negative correlation with eGFR, while females under 65 exhibited a positive association; older females showed a negative correlation. Significant risks for mildly reduced kidney function were noted in overweight or obese males and older females, with no risk identified in younger females.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A normal BMI (18.5–25 kg/m²) is associated with better age-related kidney function in all-aged males and females older than 45 years, considering eGFR levels and decline rates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"9 4","pages":"394-405"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13472647/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148765685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long Noncoding RNAs in Aortic Dissection: Mechanistic Roles and Therapeutic Potential","authors":"Chao Chang,&nbsp;Yongrong Lan,&nbsp;Zhenhua Wu,&nbsp;Jie Geng,&nbsp;Zhigang Guo,&nbsp;Qingliang Chen","doi":"10.1002/agm2.70106","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.70106","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Aortic dissection (AD) is a life-threatening vascular disorder characterized by separation of the layers of the aortic wall, primarily triggered by an intimal tear or an intramural hemorrhage. Age is a well-recognized and critical risk factor for AD. Epidemiological evidence consistently demonstrates a strong positive correlation between age and AD incidence, with peak occurrence in the 50–70-year age group. Its pathogenesis involves vascular inflammation, extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic switching, apoptosis, and immune cell infiltration. Two major pathophysiological theories have been proposed: one suggests a primary intimal tear, and the other involves medial degeneration from stress concentration. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides and account for ~80% of the human noncoding transcriptome. They exert diverse biological functions (e.g., miRNA sponging, protein scaffolding, transcriptional regulation) and are pivotal in diseases such as cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and AD. Despite emerging evidence linking lncRNAs to AD, most studies to date have focused only on their role as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), with limited mechanistic depth and scarce clinical validation. This review summarizes the pathophysiology of AD and systematically discusses lncRNA-mediated mechanisms in AD progression. We highlight current knowledge gaps and propose future directions for exploring lncRNAs as potential therapeutic targets to improve AD prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"9 4","pages":"416-425"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13502957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Hair Cortisol, Sarcopenia, and Sarcopenic Obesity: Results From the ELSA-Brasil Study","authors":"Christiano Barbosa da Silva,&nbsp;Isiyara Taverna Pimenta,&nbsp;Rosane Harter Griep,&nbsp;Arlinda Barbosa Moreno,&nbsp;Isabela Judith Martins Bensenor,&nbsp;Sandhi Maria Barreto,&nbsp;Maria Inês Schmidt,&nbsp;Anissa Daliry,&nbsp;Maria de Jesus Mendes da Fonseca","doi":"10.1002/agm2.70101","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.70101","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hair cortisol has been increasingly used as an important biomarker of chronic stress, as it reflects prolonged systemic exposure to cortisol over time. Such exposure has been associated with alterations in body composition; however, the associations with sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity have still received little attention in the scientific literature on aging. The study aimed to assess the association between hair cortisol, dynapenia, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity in a multicenter and multiethnic Brazilian cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The criterion used to classify sarcopenia was specific to the study population, and the categories used were dynapenia (reduced muscle strength), sarcopenia (reduced muscle strength and mass), and sarcopenic obesity (≥ 38% body fat plus sarcopenia). Hair cortisol levels (<i>pg/mg</i>) were divided into three categories: Low (&lt; 40), normal (40 to 128), and high (&gt; 128). Simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to verify the association between hair cortisol, reduced muscle strength, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity. The final model was adjusted for sex, BMI, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, physical activity, and race/ethnicity, and odds ratios (<i>OR</i>) and 95% confidence intervals (<i>95% CI</i>) were calculated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 947 participants were included (aged 54 to 82 years, mean age 67.1 years, 63.7% women). Participants with high hair cortisol levels showed lower odds of reduced muscle strength (<i>OR: 0.796; 95% CI: 0.504–1.255),</i> suggesting an inverse association; this was not statistically significant. However, no significant association was seen between chronic stress and sarcopenia (<i>OR: 1.106; 95% CI: 0.555–2.206</i>) or sarcopenic obesity (<i>OR: 0.607; 95% CI: 0.162–2.279</i>).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a sample of Brazilian adults, hair cortisol level, a measurement technique not affected by physiological fluctuations, was not associated with reduced muscle strength, sarcopenia, or sarcopenic obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"9 4","pages":"384-393"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13537710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148881683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chinese Expert Consensus on the Clinical Application of Finerenone in Geriatric Comorbidities: Geriatrics Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Cardiovascular Group of Geriatrics Branch of Chinese Medical Association.","authors":"Xiaoming Wang, Cuntai Zhang","doi":"10.1002/agm2.70103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.70103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dysregulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) constitutes a pivotal factor in the onset and progression of various geriatric diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease (CKD), all closely linked to adverse cardiorenal outcomes in older patients. Excessive activation of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) drives inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress across tissues and organs, representing a fundamental mechanism underlying systemic metabolic disorders, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and kidney pathologies. Emerging clinical evidence indicates that the non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (ns-MRA) finerenone can block MR with high selectivity, significantly reducing cardiorenal event risks in older patients and thereby enhancing overall health status. This offers a novel therapeutic avenue for the long-term management of older patients burdened with multiple chronic comorbidities.</p>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13491116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148798830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining Frailty in Chinese-Language Biomedical Literature (2014–2024): A Decade of Conceptual Evolution","authors":"Haodong Wei,&nbsp;David Mockler,&nbsp;Giulia Cavrini,&nbsp;Nathan W. Hill,&nbsp;Daniel Kam Yin Chan,&nbsp;Román Romero Ortuño","doi":"10.1002/agm2.70091","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.70091","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Frailty is increasingly recognized as a central concept in aging research and clinical practice, which reflects reduced physiological reserve and heightened vulnerability to stressors. While extensively examined in Western biomedical literature, how frailty is defined and conceptualized in Chinese-language biomedical research remains insufficiently explored. This systematic review examined frailty definitions in Chinese biomedical publications from 2014 to 2024, analyzing definitional sources, conceptual emphases, and temporal trends. Searches across major Chinese and international databases identified 1804 eligible articles. Results show growing alignment with international frameworks, particularly through expert consensus statements, alongside improving terminological standardization. However, biomedical interpretations remain dominant, with limited attention to psychological, social, dynamic, and reversible dimensions. Emerging contributions from traditional Chinese medicine introduce distinct perspectives centred on balance and restoration. Clarifying these definitional patterns is essential for cross-cultural comparability and the development of culturally relevant frailty research and clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"9 3","pages":"297-308"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13347167/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148424875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Affecting Recollapse of the Augmented Vertebrae After Percutaneous Vertebral Augmentation: A Prospective Study","authors":"Yawen Zhang,&nbsp;Junchuan Liu,&nbsp;Maoyu Zhao,&nbsp;Yudian Qiu,&nbsp;Quan Ji,&nbsp;Nan Min,&nbsp;Qiang Wang","doi":"10.1002/agm2.70094","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.70094","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the relevant factors of augmented vertebrae recollapse after percutaneous vertebral augmentation (PVA) for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A prospective study was performed on 116 patients who were diagnosed with osteoporotic compression fractures in which the anterior height loss of the vertebral body was greater than <i>1/3</i>. All patients underwent percutaneous vertebral augmentation (PKP or PVP). Possible risk factors for augmented vertebral height decrease, such as age, sex, body mass index, surgical approach, fracture location, cement leakage, patterns of vertebral fractures, Vertebral height restoration (VHR), and intervertebral cleft (IVC), were analyzed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The radiography follow-up period was 1 year. Ninety-five patients completed the trial. Twenty-four patients suffered postoperative recollapse. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging showed that the incidence of IVC in the recollapse group was significantly higher than that in the no-recollapse group (<i>p</i> &lt; <i>0.050</i>). The OR value (<i>157.891</i>) indicates that the presence of IVC before surgery significantly exacerbates the incidence of postoperative recollapse. The surgical approaches of the recollapse group and the no-recollapse group were statistically significant (p &lt; <i>0.050),</i> and the risk of recollapse in the PKP group was lower compared to the PVP group (OR = <i>0.094</i>).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Intervertebral cleft (IVC) and those with PVP intervention are at higher risk of recollapse. Patients with osteoporotic compression fractures with anterior vertebral height loss greater than <i>1/3</i>, especially those with IVC, should be concerned and taken seriously, and PVP should be carefully selected to prevent their clinical course from worsening.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"9 3","pages":"291-296"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13347159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148424935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Resistance Training and Ursolic Acid on the PI3K-AKT-mTOR Pathway in Aged Diabetic Rats: A Comparative Study","authors":"Ashkan Sadeghi,&nbsp;Safoura Alizade,&nbsp;Mohammad Faramarzi,&nbsp;Mostafa Rahimi,&nbsp;Rohit Kumar Thapa","doi":"10.1002/agm2.70071","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.70071","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sarcopenia, characterized by age-related muscle loss, worsens in diabetes due to anabolic resistance. Ursolic acid (UA), a natural compound with anabolic and anti-catabolic effects, may mitigate sarcopenia by enhancing anabolic pathways. This study examined the effects of 8 weeks of resistance training and UA supplementation on PI3K-AKT-mTORC1 pathway proteins in muscle tissue of aged diabetic rats.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty 21-month-old Wistar rats were divided into five groups: healthy control, diabetic control, diabetic + resistance training, diabetic + UA, and diabetic + resistance training + UA. Type 2 diabetes was induced using a high-fat diet and low-dose STZ. Resistance training consisted of 8 weeks of ladder climbing at 60% MVCC, 5 days per week. UA was administered daily to the UA and combination groups. Protein expression was analyzed using Western blot.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>AKT and mTORC1 or phosphorylated AKT levels did not differ significantly across groups. However, dephosphorylated PI3K (<i>p</i> = 0.011) and phosphorylated mTORC1 (<i>p</i> = 0.026) showed significant changes. PI3K expression decreased in diabetic, resistance training, and UA groups compared to controls, but not in the combination group. Phosphorylated mTORC1 was reduced in diabetic controls but maintained in the training, UA, and combination groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diabetes reduces PI3K and mTORC1 protein expression. Resistance training or UA alone improved mTORC1 expression, while their combination enhanced both PI3K and mTORC1, suggesting synergistic anabolic benefits. Combining UA with resistance training may counteract diabetes-induced muscle loss.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"9 3","pages":"316-324"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13347156/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148424476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Lactulose on the Intestinal Flora of Elderly Constipation Patients With Chronic Renal Insufficiency","authors":"Jianxia Ma,&nbsp;Jun Wang,&nbsp;Tianran Han,&nbsp;Zhifang Shao,&nbsp;Weiqi Zhang,&nbsp;Ke Wang,&nbsp;Qinlian Zeng,&nbsp;Kangwei Liu,&nbsp;Yuanwen Chen,&nbsp;Songbai Zhen,&nbsp;Jianfeng Yao","doi":"10.1002/agm2.70086","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.70086","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the efficacy of lactulose in the treatment of elderly constipation patients with chronic renal insufficiency and its influence on renal function.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>They were divided into the lactulose group (<i>n</i> = 30) and polyethyleneglycol (PEG) group (<i>n</i> = 26). The lactulose group was given 15 mL oral lactulose qd × 4 weeks, and the PEG group was given PEG 4000 powder 10 g qd × 4 weeks. Wexner constipation score and Bristol stool type were recorded before and after the intervention. To evaluate the efficacy of lactulose and PEG in improving constipation in elderly patients with chronic constipation with renal insufficiency.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Both lactulose and PEG could improve the symptoms of constipation, and no significant difference was observed (<i>p</i> = 0.995). After lactulose treatment for 4 weeks, the serum levels of creatinine, uric acid, and IL-6 reduced significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.050), but they remained unchanged after treatment with PEG for 4 weeks (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.050). At the genus level, the abundance of <i>Anaerofustis stercorihominis</i> (related to the production of short-chain fatty acids) increased markedly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.050), and the abundance of Halomonadaceae (related to the production of uremic toxins), Eikenella (one of the opportunistic pathogenic bacteria), and Sphingomonas (related to nitrogen metabolism) reduced significantly after lactulose treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lactulose can improve renal function, mild inflammation, and gut microbiota in these patients. We speculate that the improvement of renal function after lactulose treatment may be related to the improvement of gut microbiota and systemic mild inflammation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"9 3","pages":"250-257"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13347155/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148424950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}