Aging Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Intratumoral microbiota as cancer therapeutic target","authors":"Chang Guo,&nbsp;Qi An,&nbsp;Lu-yao Zhang,&nbsp;Xun-dong Wei,&nbsp;Jing Xu,&nbsp;Jiang-yong Yu,&nbsp;Guo-ju Wu,&nbsp;Jie Ma","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12359","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Intratumoral microbiota, which affects the physiological and pathological processes of the host, has attracted increasing attention from researchers. Microbials have been found in normal as well as tumor tissues that were originally thought to be sterile. Intratumoral microbiota is considered to play a significant role in the development of tumors and the reduction of clinical benefits. In addition, intratumoral microbiota are heterogeneous, which have different distribution in various types of tumors, and can influence tumor development through different mechanisms, including genome mutations, inflammatory responses, activated cancer pathways, and immunosuppressive microenvironments. Therefore, eliminating the intratumoral microbiota is considered one of the most promising ways to slow down the tumor progression and improve therapeutic outcomes. In this review, we systematically categorized the intratumoral microbiota and elucidated its role in the pathogenesis and therapeutic response of cancer. We have also described the novel strategies to mitigate the impact of tumor progression. We hope this review will provide new insights for the anti-tumor treatment, particularly for the elderly population, where such insights could significantly enhance treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 5","pages":"636-644"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12359","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142588019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excess dietary salt is associated with an altered bone strain index, degraded bone microarchitecture, vertebral fractures, and increased prevalence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women—A study from a teaching hospital in southern India","authors":"Rebecca John,&nbsp;Kripa Elizabeth Cherian,&nbsp;Nitin Kapoor,&nbsp;Thomas Vizhalil Paul","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12360","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Excess dietary salt causes increased urinary calcium and this may lead to bone loss. We proposed to study the association between dietary salt intake and bone health in postmenopausal women from southern India.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An observational study in which community-dwelling postmenopausal women were recruited. Daily salt intake and urine calcium/creatinine ratio were assessed. Bone biochemistry and densitometric parameters such as bone mineral density (BMD), trabecular bone score (TBS) vertebral fractures, and bone strain index (BSI) were assessed using Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 383 postmenopausal women with a mean ± SD age of 59.8 ± 7.2 years and BMI of 25.2 ± 4.6 kg/m² were recruited. Among the participants, 165/383(43.1%) had osteoporosis at any site and 21% had moderate–severe vertebral fractures. The BMD at lumbar spine and femoral neck, TBS and BSI were significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) lower and the CTx was significantly (<i>p</i> = 0.008) higher among women with high salt intake (7.2 g/day) as compared to those with salt intake of &lt;7.2 g/day. The prevalence of osteoporosis, low TBS, high BSI, and moderate–severe vertebral fractures significantly increased across low to high salt-intake categories. An ROC analysis showed that excess dietary salt was significantly associated with osteoporosis at any site with an AUC of 0.870 (95% CI: 0.832–0.907). On a multivariate analysis, excess salt intake conferred the highest odds of osteoporosis (OR: 2.296; 95% CI: 1.909–2.761).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Excess dietary salt is associated with high urinary calcium and compromised bone health among postmenopausal women from southern India. This may be a modifiable risk factor in osteoporosis and warrants further research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 5","pages":"606-613"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12360","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142588018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncontrolled blood pressure among the established hypertensive elderly people in Jashore, Bangladesh: A cross-sectional type of observational study","authors":"Goutam Kumar Acherjya,&nbsp;Ali Mohammad,&nbsp;Tarafder Keya,&nbsp;Mohammad Touhidul Islam,&nbsp;Md. Selim Reza,&nbsp;Md. Shakur Ahmed,&nbsp;Huq Md. Zahirul,&nbsp;Biswas Debashis,&nbsp;Shamsuzzaman Sheikh,&nbsp;Alam Nur","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12348","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12348","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objectives&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Hypertension is one of the major modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity throughout the world. Increased life expectancy leads to increase prevalence of non-communicable diseases among the elderly people including Bangladesh. However, different studies reported high prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension ranging from 52.6% to 67.9% among the elderly people in different countries. With this view, we aimed to assess the frequency of uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) among the elderly hypertensive people and its associated risk factors and treatment pattern in Bangladesh.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methodology&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This cross-sectional type of observational study recruited 246 eligible hypertensive elderly patients attending in 250 Bedded General Hospital, Jashore, Bangladesh dated from 1st July to 31st December 2022. A structured questionnaire was developed and data on associated risk factors, treatment pattern and current blood pressure (BP) measurement were collected by face-to-face interview for the purposive sampling technique.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The mean age of our study patients was 72 ± 7 years with a male and female ratio nearly 1:1. Of the total hypertensive patients aged over 65 years or more, 56.5% remained with uncontrolled hypertension even on their prescribed antihypertensive medications. The mean systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure were significantly high (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) as 167 ± 22 mm Hg and 95 ± 11 mm Hg, respectively, among the uncontrolled hypertensive patients. However, we noticed the mean SBP and DBP among the total hypertensive patients were also significantly high (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) as 148 ± 27 mm Hg and 87 ± 13 mm Hg, respectively. In this study, we reported that the mean number of last prescribed antihypertensive medications used by the total patients was 2 ± 1 (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; =0.224) which was similar among the controlled and uncontrolled hypertensive patient groups. Among the elderly hypertensive patients, the most commonly prescribed antihypertensive medications were Amlodipine 39.8% (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; =0.006), Olmesartan 29.3% (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.186), Losartan 24.4% (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.127), Bisoprolol 15.0% (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.266) and Atenolol 14.6% (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.224).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We noticed high frequency of uncontrolled blood pressure among the elderly hypertensive patients, despite of using multiple antihypertensive medications in Jashore, Bangladesh.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 4","pages":"472-479"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11369329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renal perfusion examination with contrast-enhanced ultrasound in vascular surgery","authors":"Zhiyuan Wu,&nbsp;Ning Zhao,&nbsp;Yongjun Li","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12352","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12352","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;A recent consensus on the standardized evaluation of renal cortical perfusion with contrast-enhanced ultrasound in elderly patients in China was published. This paper mainly aimed to briefly introduce renal perfusion examination with CEUS in vascular surgery.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The kidneys, being the most vascularized organ in the human body, are highly susceptible to inadequate blood perfusion. In a resting state, the blood flow through both kidneys in healthy adults is approximately 1200 mL/min, equivalent to 25% of cardiac output.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Approximately 94% of this renal blood flow is directed to the renal cortex.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; The kidneys maintain the ability to autonomously regulate blood flow within an arterial blood pressure range of 80–180 mmHg. Renal perfusion pressure typically refers to the difference between renal artery pressure and renal vein pressure. In 1991, Gosling et al.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; introduced the concept of the critical closing pressure to reflect the actual renal perfusion.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Renal perfusion can be influenced by various factors including physiological, pathological, pharmacological, traumatic, and surgical factors. Physiological factors primarily involve hemodynamic parameters (blood pressure, blood volume, cardiac output, blood viscosity, etc.) and the sympathetic-parasympathetic nervous system. Specifically, renal diseases or renal vascular-related disorders constitute the primary pathological factors affecting renal perfusion. These renal vascular-related disorders can be categorized into primary and secondary renal vascular lesions. The former encompasses renal artery atherosclerotic stenosis, renal artery dysplasia, Takayasu arteritis, renal artery aneurysm, renal artery thrombosis or embolism, renal artery dissection, renal vein thrombosis, etc. Secondary renal artery lesions may include aortic dissection, para-renal or supra-renal abdominal aortic aneurysm,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; renal artery metastatic cancer,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; etc. Other rare renal vascular diseases such as renal arteriovenous fistula, congenital renal artery anomalies, nutcracker syndrome, can also impact renal perfusion. Among these, renal artery atherosclerosis, renal artery fibromuscular dysplasia, and Takayasu arteritis are currently the three most common causes of renal artery stenosis (RAS). Unlike Western populations, in the Chinese population, Takayasu arteritis is more commonly observed than renal artery fibromuscular dysplasia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;RAS can lead to renal dysfunction and renovascular hypertension. The reduction in renal blood flow caused by RAS results in decreased renal perfusion, triggering a series of pathological changes, including renal ischemia, glomerular atrophy and sclerosis, interstitial fibrosis, and tubular injury, ultimately leading to impaired renal function. RAS induces glomerular atrophy and sclerosis, leading to a decrease in glomerular filtration rate and affecting renal filtrati","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 4","pages":"443-445"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11369315/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of mortality in Parkinson disease in China: Exploration of recent and future trends","authors":"Jinxin Lan,&nbsp;Yifan Ren,&nbsp;Ge Song,&nbsp;Lu Liu,&nbsp;Mingyu Li,&nbsp;Renmu Zhang,&nbsp;Chunyu Yin,&nbsp;Hua Zhou,&nbsp;Xiangyuan Zhang,&nbsp;Bin Lv,&nbsp;Yaqi Ma","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12354","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Parkinson disease (PD) is the third leading cause of mortality among middle-aged and older individuals in China. This study aimed to explore the trends and distribution features of PD mortality in China from 2013 to 2021 and make predictions for the next few decades.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Relevant data were obtained from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Disease Surveillance Point system. The joinpoint regression model was used to evaluate trends. The R software was used to predict future trends.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of PD increased from 0.59 per 100,000 individuals to 1.22 per 100,000 individuals from 2013 to 2021, with an average annual percent change (AAPC) of 9.50 (95% CI: 8.24–10.78). The all-age ASMR of PD were higher in male individuals than in female individuals, and ASMR increased with age. The number of deaths and ASMR increased gradually from west to east and from rural to urban areas. Furthermore, ASMR is expected to increase to 2.66 per 100,000 individuals by 2040.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The heightened focus on the ASMR of PD among male individuals, urban areas, eastern China, and individuals aged ≥85 years has become a key determinant in further decreasing mortality, thereby exhibiting novel challenges to effective strategies for disease prevention and control.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 4","pages":"490-498"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12354","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142130393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficacy of neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in elderly patients with gastric cancer: A subgroup analysis of the NEOSUMMIT-01 study","authors":"Nan An,&nbsp;Run-cong Nie,&nbsp;Feng Wang,&nbsp;Shu-qiang Yuan","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12356","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Based on a subanalysis of the NEOSUMMIT-01 study, it was revealed that perioperative immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) combined with chemotherapy has therapeutic effects in elderly patients with locally advanced gastric cancer, providing a new strategy for the treatment of elderly gastric cancer patients.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 4","pages":"453-455"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12356","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142130357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The increasing prevalence of cancer in the elderly: An investigation of epidemiological trends","authors":"Ramya Prathap,&nbsp;Sherlin Kirubha,&nbsp;Aravindhan Thiyaga Rajan,&nbsp;Santhosh Manoharan,&nbsp;Karthikeyan Elumalai","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12347","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12347","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cancer poses a significant health threat to the elderly, accounting for a substantial proportion of cancer patients aged 65 and above. As life expectancy continues to rise and the population ages, the incidence of cancer in the elderly is expected to increase further. Age is a major risk factor for the majority of common cancers, with the incidence and prevalence rising as individuals grow older. Factors such as chemoprevention and environmental carcinogen elimination may influence the process of carcinogenesis. Studies reveal that the incidence and mortality rates of various cancers in the elderly and extremely old individuals are on the rise worldwide, with most types peaking around the age of 75 to 90, followed by a sharp decline. Birth cohort and period effects also play a complex role in the connection between aging and cancer risk. Clinical trials often exclude older individuals, limiting our understanding of cancer treatments' effects on this particular age group. More research is needed to focus on the unique requirements of older adults with cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 4","pages":"516-527"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11369332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin B12 status and skeletal muscle function among elderly: A literature review and pilot study on the effect of oral vitamin B12 supplementation in improving muscle function","authors":"Sowmya Sharma,&nbsp;Rohini Bhadra,&nbsp;Sumithra Selvam,&nbsp;Sucharita Sambashivaiah","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12346","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12346","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study is to understand the role of vitamin B12 supplementation in improving skeletal muscle function among the elderly.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A literature review in the Medline database was conducted to understand the association between vitamin B12 and muscle function in Section A. In Section B, 28 healthy elderly participants aged ≥60 years were recruited in a cross-sectional design for estimation of plasma vitamin B12 status and assessment of upper limb muscle strength Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) and muscle quality (expressed as MVC/total muscle mass). Participants were grouped based on vitamin B12 status into vitamin B12-depleted (&lt;148 pmol/L) and replete (≥148 pmol/L) groups. In a quasi-experimental study design, the vitamin B12-depleted group (<i>n</i> = 14) received daily oral vitamin B12 supplementation of 100 μg for 3 months. All the study measures were repeated post-supplementation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vitamin B12 deficiency was identified to contribute adversely to muscle strength, quality, and physical performance among older people in the extensive literature review. The pilot intervention study showed significant improvement in MVC and muscle quality (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.050) post-vitamin B12 supplementation, comparable to the vitamin B12-replete group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vitamin B12 may have a crucial role in the maintenance of muscle function. 3-month oral vitamin B12 supplementation among subclinical vitamin B12 deficient elderly improved muscle strength and quality and reached levels similar to the vitamin B12 replete group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 4","pages":"480-489"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11369341/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of group music reminiscence therapy for people thriving with dementia: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials","authors":"Alwin Ru Kiet Wong,&nbsp;Li Ting Eileen Ng,&nbsp;Ming Hao Lee,&nbsp;James Lai Hock Yeow,&nbsp;Yong Jia Lim,&nbsp;Kah Hui Yap","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12344","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dementia is characterized by a progressive decline in cognition, behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSD), and quality of life (QoL). The lack of curative therapies has led to a psychosocial discourse prioritizing QoL of people thriving with dementia (PTD). Group reminiscence therapy (RT) is a relatively inexpensive intervention, with music prompts being a preferred choice, owing to robust musical memory in the early disease stage. However, a synthesis of current evidence is needed to inform research and clinical use of group music RT in dementia care. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review on PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, APA PsycInfo, and APA PsycArticles to critically appraise published randomized controlled trials examining group music RT to improve cognition, BPSD, and QoL in PTD. Of 14,725 articles, two RCTs involving 102 PTD were included. All studies used prerecorded music for group music RT. All studies were deemed of good quality, adhering to intention-to-treat analysis and assessor blinding. Based on the American Academy of Neurology guidelines, we assigned a Level C recommendation for group music RT for cognition and Level B recommendations for BPSD and QoL (ineffective). In conclusion, group music RT may be useful for symptomatic management in PTD. However, heterogeneous study designs, disease severity, dementia subtype, and outcome measures are likely barriers to meaningful clinical translation. Therefore, the rating of recommendations only serves as a point of reference. Future avenues include live performances as prompts for group music RT.</p>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 4","pages":"528-534"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agm2.12344","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142130374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standardized evaluation methodology for renal cortical blood perfusion in elderly patients using contrast-enhanced ultrasound: A Chinese expert consensus (2024 edition)","authors":"Ren Junhong,&nbsp;He Wen","doi":"10.1002/agm2.12345","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agm2.12345","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As a sensitive and non-invasive method for assessing changes in renal cortical blood perfusion in the elderly, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) can indirectly reflect changes in kidney filtration and reabsorption function, thus providing feasibility for early evaluation of renal function changes. However, significant differences exist among researchers in terms of operational methods, contrast agent selection, post-data analysis, and many other aspects, leading to substantial heterogeneity in results. This hinders horizontal comparisons and greatly limits the clinical application of contrast-enhanced ultrasound for evaluating renal cortical blood flow perfusion. Based on the latest domestic and overseas literature and discussions with clinical experts, this consensus provides recommended guidelines for the evaluation of renal cortical blood flow perfusion using contrast-enhanced ultrasound. It is hoped that this consensus will promote a better understanding of CEUS among medical practitioners at all levels and standardize the examination of renal cortical blood flow perfusion with CEUS.</p>","PeriodicalId":32862,"journal":{"name":"Aging Medicine","volume":"7 4","pages":"429-437"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11369325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}