Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syariah最新文献

{"title":"Complying with Sharia While Exempting from Value-Added Tax: Murābaḥah in Indonesian Islamic Banks","authors":"N. Hidayah, Moch. Bukhori Muslim, Abdul Azis","doi":"10.15408/ajis.v22i1.22833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v22i1.22833","url":null,"abstract":" Law number 42/2009 on Value Added Tax and some subsequent amendments have exempted Islamic banks from the value-added tax on their murābaḥah transactions. This provision raises the sharia issue because the goods are delivered directly from the supplier to the customer. At the same time, the DSN-MUI Fatwa regarding the murābaḥah contract sets that banks must first buy and own the goods from the suppliers before selling them back to the customers. With this tax provision, murābaḥah transactions have shifted from trade systems to service ones because banks directly transfer funds to customers to purchase goods. Such tax policy has dealt with the so-called double taxation issue of Islamic banks but sacrificed the compliance of sharia principles. This paper seeks to solve this dilemma by proposing a revision of tax regulations for murābaḥah transactions using philosophical, juridical, and sociological legal approaches. The delivery of goods from suppliers to banks and from banks to customers is included in non-taxable goods transactions for Islamic banks. With this proposal, Islamic banks are expected to be exempted from value-added tax while complying with sharia principles and competing with conventional banks.  AbstrakUU No. 42/2009 tentang Pajak Pertambahan Nilai dan beberapa amandemen berikutnya telah membebaskan bank syariah dari pajak pertambahan nilai (PPN) pada transaksi murabahah. Namun ketentuan ini dianggap menimbulkan isu syariah karena barang diserahkan langsung dari pemasok ke nasabah, sedangkan Fatwa DSN-MUI tentang akad murabahah mengatur bahwa bank harus membeli dan memiliki barang terlebih dahulu dari pemasok sebelum menjualnya kembali kepada nasabah. Dengan ketentuan pajak ini, transaksi murabahah telah bergeser dari sistem jual beli menjadi sistem jasa karena bank dianggap tidak melakukan pembelian barang melainkan mentransfer dana pembelian barang kepada nasabah. Ketentuan pajak ini telah meringankan beban pajak pertambahan nilai bank syariah namun mengorbankan pemenuhan prinsip syariah. Kajian ini berupaya mencari solusi dilema ini dengan usulan revisi regulasi perpajakan untuk transaksi murabahah dengan pendekatan analisa legal filosofis, normatif, dan sosiologis. Penyerahan barang dari pemasok kepada bank dan dari bank kepada nasabah dimasukkan dalam transaksi barang tidak kena pajak. Dengan usulan ini diharapkan bank syariah tetap terhindar dari pajak ganda, namun tetap memenuhi prinsip syariah serta berdaya saing dengan bank konvensional.","PeriodicalId":32685,"journal":{"name":"Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syariah","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79859948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Other Side of the History of the Formulation of Aceh Jinayat Qanun","authors":"S. Salma, Almuh Fajri, Taufik Hidayat, Edi Safri","doi":"10.15408/ajis.v22i1.21000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v22i1.21000","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of fiqh, the provisions of ḥudūd have been agreeable in terms of the actions and punishments. However, some of them are not mentioned in Aceh Qanun No. 6/2014 on Jinayat (Criminal) Law, such as stoning, death sentence, and hand amputation. These three types of punishment were harshly debated during the formulation of the qanun and subsequently abolished. Using the historical legal approach, this study finds out there were some issues that came up during the formulation process. First, the assessment of the local government and people’s readiness to implement those punishments has not been sufficient. Second, stoning, the death penalty, and hand cutting are not in accordance with the Indonesian procedural law. Third, the qanun formulation was affected by the disparity of Islamic legal scholars’ opinions regarding the mentioned penalties. Forth, the discussants in the forum believed that the implementation of Islamic criminal law needs phasing (tadarruj).   AbstrakDalam konteks fikih, ketentuan hudud telah disepakati baik jenis perbuatannya maupun sanksi-sanksinya. Akan tetapi, tidak semuanya tercantum sebagai materi hudud dalam Qanun Aceh No. 6/2014 tentang Hukum Jinayat, seperti hukuman rajam, hukuman mati dan hukuman potong tangan. Ketiga jenis hukuman ini diperdebatkan dengan sengit selama pembahasan Qanun dan akhirnya ditiadakan. Melalui pendekatan sejarah hukum, diketahui setidaknya ada beberapa faktor problematik yang mewarnai perumusan Qanun Aceh No. 6/2014 tentang Hukum Jinayat. Pertama, adanya penilaian internal tentang kesiapan pemerintah dan masyarakat yang belum maksimal untuk melaksanakan hukuman-hukuman itu. Kedua, materi rajam, hukuman mati bagi pelaku riddah dan potong tangan yang tidak sejalan dengan hukum acara yang telah ada sebelumnya. Ketiga, adanya pengaruh perbedaan pendapat ulama (disparitas) dalam konteks fikih tentang hukuman-hukuman itu dalam proses perumusan qanun. Keempat, adanya keyakinan para pembahas bahwa penegakan hukum pidana Islam dalam Qanun Aceh memerlukan pentahapan (tadarruj).","PeriodicalId":32685,"journal":{"name":"Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syariah","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78620699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moderation in Fatwas and Ijtihad: An Analysis of Fatwas Issued by the MKI Malaysia Concerning the Covid-19 Pandemic","authors":"Abdul Manan Ismail, A. S. Baharuddin","doi":"10.15408/ajis.v22i1.22299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v22i1.22299","url":null,"abstract":"Certain muftis reject the moderation method when giving fatwas. They are more prone to extremism or dereliction approaches. This rejection occurs due to various causes and, if left unaddressed, will have a detrimental impact on the fatwa institutions, muftis, and mustaftis. This research discussed the notion of moderation in Islam and how it is applied in the realm of a fatwa. Given that Malaysia is currently dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic and that the MKI (Majlis Kebangsaan Bagi Hal Ehwal Ugama Islam) has issued several fatwas on it, this research will look into the fatwas and the features of moderation inherent within it. Using Bowen's document analysis methodology, this study was performed qualitatively by gathering pertinent data from primary and secondary documents. The retrieved data from both documents were analyzed using content analysis methodology to get valuable information and rearrange it to produce meaning that could be understood and digested. The findings demonstrate that moderation is a symbol of Islam and that one of Islam's virtues is to conduct religious affairs and issue rulings with moderation. In fatwas, the notion of moderation centers on facilitating Muslims' religious experiences. In the context of the MKI fatwas, this study discovered that five fatwas were issued on Islamic affairs during the COVID-19 pandemic. According to the findings of this study, each fatwa has its features of moderation.   AbstrakBeberapa mufti tertentu menolak menerapkan moderasi saat memberikan fatwa. Mereka lebih rentan terhadap pendekatan ekstremisme atau kelalaian. Penolakan ini terjadi karena berbagai sebab. Hal itu jika dibiarkan akan berdampak merugikan bagi lembaga fatwa, mufti, dan para mustafti. Untuk itu, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk membahas pengertian moderasi dalam Islam dan bagaimana penerapannya dalam konteks fatwa. Mengingat bahwa Malaysia saat ini sedang berurusan dengan pandemi COVID-19 dan bahwa MKI (Majlis Kebangsaan Bagi Hal Ehwal Ugama Islam Malaysia) telah mengeluarkan beberapa fatwa yang berkaitan hal tersebut. Penelitian ini akan melihat fatwa-fatwa tersebut dan bentuk moderasi yang melekat di dalamnya. Untuk menjelaskan rumusan masalah dan tujuannya, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan mengumpulkan data terkait dari dokumen primer dan sekunder menggunakan metodologi analisis dokumen Bowen. Data yang diperoleh dari kedua jenis dokumen tersebut dianalisis menggunakan metodologi analisis isi untuk mendapatkan informasi yang berharga dan disusun kembali untuk menghasilkan makna yang dapat dipahami dan dicerna. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa moderasi adalah simbol Islam, dan bahwa salah satu keutamaan Islam adalah moderasi saat menjalankan urusan agama dan mengeluarkan aturan. Dalam fatwa, gagasan moderasi berpusat pada prinsip memfasilitasi umat Islam dalam menjalankan urusan agamanya. Dalam konteks fatwa MKI saat ini, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa lima fatwa yang dikeluarkan berkaitan den","PeriodicalId":32685,"journal":{"name":"Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syariah","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72960266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State and Islamic Law: A Study of Legal Politics on Zakat as a Tax Deduction in Aceh","authors":"M. Syahbandir, Wais Alqarni, Syahrizal Abbas, Bukhari Ali, Fauzan Samad","doi":"10.15408/ajis.v22i1.26200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v22i1.26200","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines zakat (obligatory charity) as a tax deduction in Aceh. Currently, the existing legal rule stipulates that zakat paid by muzakkī (zakat payers) to the National Zakat Board (BAZNAS) and Zakat Official Institution (LAZ) is deducted from taxable income. However, this rule has not been applied since there is no Government Regulation. This empirical legal study used a statutory approach, analyzing the point of view of legal politics theory. This study concludes that the State and Islamic Law in Aceh are closely related to the political context of Indonesian law. The government regulations from the Old Order to the Reform Era related to Islamic Law or Muslims have been greatly influenced by political configurations. When the configuration is democratic, the legal character embraces democratic values and vice versa. As a result, the legal regulations regarding zakat have not yet been enforced due to the strong political configuration. However, referring to the arguments and logic of legal politics that the government is democratic towards the aspirations in Aceh, the Governmental Regulation Draft/Rancangan Peraturan Pemerintah (RPP) for Zakat as Tax Deduction will strengthen the previous legal rule, stipulating zakat as a tax deduction factor. The unification of zakat and taxes in one legal instrument by the government, which has political and structural authority, will be able to realize justice and economic and social welfare of the community as the primary goal of zakat.   AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji zakat sebagai faktor pengurang pajak di Aceh. Berdasarkan aturan hukum yang ada bahwa zakat yang dibayarkan oleh muzaki kepada BAZNAS atau LAZ dikurangkan dari penghasilan kena pajak. Namun sampai saat ini aturan ini belum teraplikasi karena belum ada Peraturan Pemerintah. Kajian ini merupakan studi hukum empiris dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, dianalisis dari sudut teori politik hukum. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa hubungan antara agama, negara, dan hukum Islam di Aceh memiliki kaitan yang erat dengan konteks politik hukum Indonesia secara umum. Aturan pemerintah yang terkait dengan hukum Islam atau umat Islam sejak masa orde lama bahkan sampai reformasi dipengaruhi oleh konfigurasi politik, jika konfigurasinya demokratis maka karakter hukumnya juga demokratis begitu juga sebaliknya. Karena itu, aturan hukum tentang zakat tersebut sampai saat ini masih belum dapat diberlakukan karena kuatnya konfigurasi politik. Mengacu pada argumen dan logika politik hukum, pemerintah bersikap demokratis terhadap aspirasi di Aceh dengan membuat Rancangan Peraturan Pemerintah (RPP) tentang Zakat sebagai Pengurangan Pajak yang akan menguatkan aturan hukum sebelumnya, yaitu zakat sebagai faktor pengurang pajak. Penyatuan zakat dan pajak dalam satu instrumen hukum oleh pemerintah yang memiliki kewenangan politik dan struktural akan dapat mewujudkan keadilan dan kesejahteraan ekonomi dan sosial masyarakat sebagai t","PeriodicalId":32685,"journal":{"name":"Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syariah","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90708876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The New Framework Planned for the Legal Recognition and Regulation of Muslim Marriages in a Secular South Africa: From Litigation to Law Reform","authors":"N. Moosa, M. Abduroaf","doi":"10.15408/ajis.v22i1.26076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v22i1.26076","url":null,"abstract":"Muslims, who originate from the East Indies and the Indian sub-continent, have a history in South Africa dating back more than three centuries. Attempts by South African Muslims to have their Muslim marriages (nikāḥs) recognized have a history spanning more than three decades, starting during white minority or apartheid rule and concluding during democracy. Although the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, makes provision for Muslim marriages to be formally and separately recognized through legislation, it is a travesty of justice that there is, to date, no legislative framework for the recognition and regulation of the consequences flowing from such marriages. This article critically analyses recent and current litigation and judicial developments and parallel law reform and policy processes pertaining to the formal, future recognition and regulation of Muslim marriages in South Africa. As such, it does not provide any detail regarding why Muslim marriages remain unrecognized or the substantive law content and regulation of Muslim marriages.  AbstrakUmat Islam yang berasal dari Hindia Timur dan anak benua India, memiliki sejarah di Afrika Selatan lebih dari tiga abad. Upaya Muslim Afrika Selatan untuk mengakui pernikahan Muslim mereka memiliki sejarah lebih dari tiga dekade, dimulai pada masa pemerintahan minoritas kulit putih atau apartheid dan berakhir selama demokrasi. Meskipun Konstitusi Republik Afrika Selatan, 1996, membuat ketentuan agar pernikahan Muslim diakui secara formal dan terpisah melalui undang-undang, namun hal itu adalah sebuah ironi keadilan bahwa hingga saat ini, tidak ada kerangka legislatif untuk pengakuan dan pengaturan konsekuensinya. Berdasarkan hal itu, artikel ini secara kritis menganalisis perkembangan litigasi dan peradilan saat ini serta reformasi hukum dan proses kebijakan yang berkaitan dengan pengakuan formal dan masa depan pernikahan Muslim di Afrika Selatan. Kerangka hukum tersebut tidak memberikan rincian apapun mengenai mengapa pernikahan Muslim tetap tidak diakui atau isi hukum substantif dan peraturan pernikahan Muslim.","PeriodicalId":32685,"journal":{"name":"Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syariah","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87479607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public Trust in the Religious Court to Handle Dispute of Sharia Economy","authors":"Erie Hariyanto","doi":"10.15408/ajis.v22i1.26216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v22i1.26216","url":null,"abstract":"Religious court is not empowered to seek justice in settling sharia economic disputes. Practitioners of sharia economy lack the enthusiasm to demonstrate the importance of a religious court in solving sharia economic disputes. At the same time, Muslims have often utilized a religious court to solve problems in family law such as divorce, inheritance disputes, applications for child custody, probate, and grants. This trend indicates a lack of public trust in the religious court. This study analyzes how public trust is the main obstacle to improving religious court services to resolve sharia economic disputes. The research is based on sharia economic cases that have been decided in the last fifteen years and interviews with some judges, advocates, and practitioners of sharia economy. The research findings showed that there are three key points on which public trust in religious courts remains low: (1) The historical development of religious courts and the incompleteness of laws and regulations to support the judicial process in resolving sharia economic disputes, (2) The business demand to deal with disputes effectively and efficiently as well as the factor of the lack of the supporting facilities and infrastructures; and (3) lack of legal literacy among Islamic economic practitioners to resolve disputes. Public trusts are crucial for Muslims to raise awareness and belief in the religious court. This macroscopic study requires microscopic analysis to see the anatomy of public perception of religious courts in solving sharia economic disputes.  Abstrak Peradilan Agama kurang dimanfaatkan untuk pencarian keadilan dalam sengketa ekonomi syariah. Mereka hanya memanfaatkan Peradilan Agama untuk memecahkan masalah dalam hukum keluarga seperti perceraian, sengketa kewarisan, permohonan hak asuh anak, wasiat dan hibah. Kecenderungan ini menjadi tanda dari rendahnya kepercayaan publik terhadap Peradilan Agama. Tulisan ini menganalisis bagaimana kepercayaan publik kepada Peradilan Agama menjadi kendala utama dalam pemanfaatan pelayanan untuk menyelesaikan sengketa ekonomi syariah. Fokus penelitian ini pada data perkara ekonomi syariah yang diputuskan pada lima belas tahun terakhir dan wawancara dengan sejumlah hakim, pengaraca, dan pelaku ekonomi syariah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tiga prasyarat yang menjadi dasar lemahnya kepercayaan publik terhadap Peradilan Agama: (1) sejarah perjalanan Peradilan Agama dan aturan perundang-undangan yang tidak lengkap untuk mendukung proses peradilan penyelesaian sengketa ekonomi syariah; (2) tuntutan budaya bisnis dalam penyelesaian sengketa yang cepat efektif dan efisien serta kurangnya sarana dan prasana pendukungnya serta; (3) literasi hukum yang rendah di kalangan pelaku ekonomi syariah untuk menyelesaikan sengketa syariah di Peradilan Agama. Kepercayaan publik menjadi sangat krusial bagi umat Islam dalam meningkatkan kesadaran dan kepercayaan pada lembaga Peradilan Agama. Tulisan ini bersifat umum sehingga d","PeriodicalId":32685,"journal":{"name":"Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syariah","volume":"23 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77949816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transition of Civil Law to Public Law: Integration of Modern Punishment Theory in Criminal Apostasy","authors":"Dedy Sumardi, Mukhsin Nyak Umar, Ruslan Sangaji, Firdaus M. Yunus, Rahmatul Akbar","doi":"10.15408/ajis.v22i1.26359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v22i1.26359","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to analyze the determination of death penalty in apostasy through modern criminal theories and human rights considerations. The approach is used to objectively view the purpose of death penalty on a criminal act in the context of religious freedom. This study is a conceptual study using the library research and descriptive-analytical  approach. Based on the analysis of punishment theories, it is found that the determination of the death penalty in apostasy takes a combined pattern of punishment theories: retributive, deterrence, and reformative theories. The combination of these theories leads to an integration, as it does not focus only on the retributive and deterrence aspects, but it also emphasizes on the reformative aspect, as a means of therapy for apostate criminals so they will not repeat the same acts. The integration of the theories seems perfect when accompanied by moral education that can provide “spiritual enlightenment”, so that criminals can be accepted back into the community. The integrity-morality theory or pulse-integrity theory is expected to neutralize the difference in views on the purpose of punishment in Islamic criminal law, which has long been considered not in line with the norms of human rights under the pretext of the sovereign system of the nation-state, where citizenship status is limited by territorial areas. The equality of rights, justice, morality, and individual accountability is a universal principle of the teachings of the Qur’an which inspire the conception of human rights norms by every citizen.AbstrakArtikel ini menganalisis penetapan hukuman mati dalam pidana murtad menggunakan pendekatan teori pemidanaan dan pertimbangan hak asasi manusia. Pendekatan ini digunakan untuk melihat secara objektif tujuan ditetapkan hukuman mati sebagai perbuatan pidana dalam konteks kebebasan beragama. Studi ini merupakan kajian konseptual, dianalisis menggunakan data kepustakaan melalui pendekatan deskriptif-analitis. Berdasarkan analisis teori pemidanan ditemukan bahwa penetapan hukuman mati dalam pidana murtad mengambil pola perpaduan teori pemidanaan; teori retributif,deterrence dan reformatif. Perpaduan ketiga teori melahirkan integritas, tidak terfokus pada aspek retributif  dan deterrence, tetapi lebih menekankan pada aspek reformatif, sebagai terapi pelaku kajahatan murtad agar tidak mengulangi perbuatan yang sama. Pengintegrasian ketiga teori ini terlihat sempurna manakala diiringi pendidikan moral yang dapat memberikan “pencerahan spiritual”, sehingga pelaku kejahatan dapat diterima kembali dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Teori integritas-moralitas atau teori integritas-plus diharapkan dapat menetralisir perbedaan pandangan tujuan pemidanaan Islam. Persamaan hak, keadilan, moralitas dan pertanggunjawaban individu merupakan prinsip universal ajaran al-Qur’an menjadi inspirasi lahirnya norma hak asasi manusia setiap warga negara.","PeriodicalId":32685,"journal":{"name":"Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syariah","volume":"1 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81826884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bisexual Orientation, Divorce and Islamic Law in Indonesia: Legal Standing and Arguments","authors":"Warda Silwana Hikmah, H. Bachtiar, K. Kurniawan","doi":"10.15408/ajis.v22i1.25791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v22i1.25791","url":null,"abstract":"Can the bisexual orientation in a marriage bond be considered a legal argument for formulating a verdict in the Indonesia Islamic courts? Does it have such a specific legal standing mentioned directly within any regulation covering the issue of Islamic private law? In answering both these questions, this article implements a normative-juridical inquiry that examines various rational possibilities in developing arguments of law. This article finds that in handling the case of bisexual orientation, the Indonesian legal system has remained a legal vacuum. Consequently, it seems it might not be a direct legal argument because it has no legal standing. This article argues that there is no single legal instrument has been imposed that explicitly mentions the case of the orientation. However, the judge may implement the analogous of the possibility of \"adultery that leads to unresolved conflicts\" to make a ratio legis of divorce due to the orientation.   AbstrakApakah orientasi biseksual dalam suatu ikatan perkawinan dapat dijadikan sebagai dalil hukum untuk merumuskan suatu putusan di pengadilan? Apakah ia memiliki kedudukan hukum tertentu yang disebutkan secara langsung dalam peraturan apa pun yang mencakup masalah hukum privat Islam? Dalam menjawab kedua pertanyaan tersebut, artikel ini menerapkan penelitian yuridis-normatif yang mengkaji berbagai kemungkinan rasional dalam mengembangkan argumentasi hukum. Artikel ini menemukan bahwa dalam menangani kasus orientasi biseksual, sistem hukum Indonesia masih mengalami kekosongan hukum. Akibatnya, seolah-olah tidak bisa menjadi argumentasi hukum langsung karena tidak memiliki legal standing. Artikel ini berargumen bahwa tidak ada satu pun instrumen hukum yang diberlakukan yang secara eksplisit menyebutkan kasus orientasi tersebut. Namun demikian, hakim dapat menerapkan analogi kemungkinan “perzinahan yang berujung pada konflik yang tidak terselesaikan” untuk membuat rasio logis perceraian karena orientasinya.","PeriodicalId":32685,"journal":{"name":"Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syariah","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84293882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tafsir Tematik Tentang Ibadah Kurban (Studi Surat Al-Hajj: 36)","authors":"K. Kusnadi","doi":"10.52051/ulumulsyari.v10i2.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52051/ulumulsyari.v10i2.141","url":null,"abstract":"Ibadah kurban merupakan ritual penyembelihan binatang berupa unta, sapi kambing dan lembu yang dilakukan setiap tahun oleh umat Islam pada tanggal sepuluh Zul Hijjah (hari raya eidul Adha) hingga hari tasyrik.   Menyembelih hewan kurban merupakan ibadah yang sangat mulia, ibadah ini sudah menjadi syariat bagi setiap umat terdahulu. Kita selaku umat Muhammad ﷺ sangat dianjurkan untuk melaksanakan ibadah ini. Secara formalistik, ibadah kurban pertama kali dilakukan oleh nabi Ibrahim alaihis salam, bahkan ibadah kurban pernah dilakukan di masa Adam alaihis salam. Kita sebagai umat terakhir diperintah untuk mengikuti syariat umat terdahulu, yaitu syariat  Ibrahim alaihis salam. Di antara ayat al-Qur’an yang berbicara tentang kurban adalah surat al-Hajj [22]: 36. Pada ayat tersebut menjelaskan bahwa ibadah kurban merupakan syiar Allah ﷻ  dimana umat Islam dianjurkan untuk melaksanakannya sebagai  wujud kesyukuran kepada-Nya. Ayat ini terdapat beberapa persoalan hukum. Diantaranya adalah kriteria hewan yang  akan disembelih, hukum mambaca basmalah, waktu penyembelihan hewan kurban serta pendistribusian  daging kurban. Mengenai persoalan hukum tentang ayat di atas, terdapat varian pendapat dikalangan ulama, baik dari ulama tafsir  maupun ulama fikih. Ayat tersebut  hingga saat ini terus menjadi sepirit bagi umat Islam  khususnya masyrakat Indonesia walaupun terrtimpa musiabah pandemi covid 19 mereka tetap menjalankan.  Hal ini dilakukan  sebagai pengagungaan kepada Allah ﷻ  dan untuk mendekatkan diri kepada-Nya. ","PeriodicalId":32685,"journal":{"name":"Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syariah","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75666222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pengalihan Sebagian Gaji Tenaga Pendidik Sebagai Voucher Belanja di Sakinah Mart Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19","authors":"Ahmad Taufan, Ahmad Rifai","doi":"10.52051/ulumulsyari.v10i2.139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52051/ulumulsyari.v10i2.139","url":null,"abstract":"In the ijarah transaction (wages) there are conditions that must be met, including thewillingness between the two parties (mu'jir and musta'jir). However, in the case ofthis study, the researcher found several respondents who objected or were not willingwhen their salaries had to be transferred. After the researchers studied this case, theresearcher concluded that the root of the problem so that the educators objected wasdue to the uneven notification of transfers to educators and the high cost of somegoods at Sakinah Mart.","PeriodicalId":32685,"journal":{"name":"Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syariah","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90368215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}