Open Information Science最新文献_第6页

Developing Calligraphic Courtesan Script. Handwriting and Printing connection in Segovia during the Fifteenth century 发展书法交际花文字。15世纪塞戈维亚的手写和印刷联系

Open Information Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opis-2021-0004

Eduardo Juárez Valero

引用次数: 0

Handwritten culture through digital native eyes: student participation in the digital fragmentology project Textus invisibilis 数字原生视角下的手写文化:学生参与数字碎片学项目Textus invisible

Open Information Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opis-2021-0005

A. Molinari

{"title":"Handwritten culture through digital native eyes: student participation in the digital fragmentology project Textus invisibilis","authors":"A. Molinari","doi":"10.1515/opis-2021-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opis-2021-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present paper addresses the issue of how interest-driven learning can enhance an attitude of student-generated inquiry in the learning process so to promote student participation in university research projects. The research question is how wonder as an epistemic emotion may sustain students’ interest-generated questioning, and how the latter may influence the design of a university research project. As a case-study, the paper describes a laboratory on palaeography which took place in Spring 2019 at an Italian State Archive within a University bachelor program in the context of a digital fragmentology project. To design the laboratory and establish qualitative analysis methods for its data, an interdisciplinary educational approach was designed that combines interest-driven learning, emotion theory, value theory, hermeneutics, and User Experience, on the background of Ernst Cassirer’s view of a human being as an animal symbolicum. In the laboratory, the students’ questions and hypotheses arising from their interaction with historical scripts and Medieval handwriting culture are helping redesign some aspects of the research project Textus invisibilis both on the level of the research design and of the team composition, as well as pointing to a novel relevance of state archives and historical libraries in higher education.","PeriodicalId":32626,"journal":{"name":"Open Information Science","volume":"5 1","pages":"89 - 118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/opis-2021-0005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48923234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating Disinformation in Middle East Mainstream News – Operationalization, Detection, and Implication 调查中东主流新闻中的虚假信息-操作，检测和含义

Open Information Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opis-2020-0124

Leon Barkho

{"title":"Investigating Disinformation in Middle East Mainstream News – Operationalization, Detection, and Implication","authors":"Leon Barkho","doi":"10.1515/opis-2020-0124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opis-2020-0124","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper develops some discursive resources and models to analyze how and why disinformation permeates mainstream media. It draws on certain linguistic strategies and propaganda models helpful to unravel disinformation in mainstream media coverage, with focus placed on two main Arabic speaking 24/7 news channels in the Middle East. These strategies and models are used to conduct exploratory critical analyses of data drawn from the online news websites of the two news outlets. The paper presents the trends characterizing disinformation in the Middle East, but more importantly the discursive and social patterns and practices the media employ when publishing news intended to discredit and harm rather than inform. The study’s contribution is twofold: First, it provides a discursive framework for the analysis of disinformation in traditional news outlets. Second, it provides an analytical framework to investigate how disinformation pervades mainstream media. The study’s data and analysis support the lines of research on how patriotic ethics guide coverage and how the selection of discursive patterns responds to interests of hegemonic powers with a say in media organizations’ affairs.","PeriodicalId":32626,"journal":{"name":"Open Information Science","volume":"5 1","pages":"250 - 262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48953063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The virtual and the real. Digital culture and the body in the study of handwriting 虚拟和真实。数字文化与书法研究中的身体

Open Information Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opis-2021-0002

Ewan Clayton

引用次数: 0

Ambiguity, standards and contextual distance: archaeological heritage administrators and their information work 歧义、标准与语境距离：考古遗产管理者及其信息工作

Open Information Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opis-2020-0121

Isto Huvila

引用次数: 0

Sub-Saharan African Countries‘ COVID-19 Research: An analysis of the External and Internal Contributions, Collaboration Patterns and Funding Sources 撒哈拉以南非洲国家新冠肺炎研究：外部和内部贡献、合作模式和资金来源分析

Open Information Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1101/2021.09.27.21264044

T. Asubiaro, Hafsah Shaik

{"title":"Sub-Saharan African Countries‘ COVID-19 Research: An analysis of the External and Internal Contributions, Collaboration Patterns and Funding Sources","authors":"T. Asubiaro, Hafsah Shaik","doi":"10.1101/2021.09.27.21264044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.09.27.21264044","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study aims at providing some evidence-based insight into Sub-Saharan Africa’s first eighteen months of COVID-19 research by evaluating its research contributions, patterns of collaboration, and funding sources. Eighteen months (2020 January 1-2021 June 30) COVID-19 publication data of 46 Sub-Saharan African countries was collected from Scopus for analysis. Country of affiliation of the authors and funding agencies data was analyzed to understand country contributions, collaboration pattern and funding sources. USA (23.08%) and the UK (19.63%), the top two external contributors, collaborated with Sub-Saharan African countries about three times more than other countries. Collaborative papers between Sub-Saharan African countries - without contributions from outside the region- made up less than five per cent of the sample, whereas over 50% of the papers were written in collaboration with researchers from outside the region. Organizations that are in the USA and the UK funded 45% of all the COVID-19 research from Sub-Saharan Africa. 53.44% of all the funding from Sub-Saharan African countries came from South African organizations. This study provides evidence that pan-African COVID-19 research collaboration is low, perhaps due to poor funding and lack of institutional support within Sub-Saharan Africa. This mirrors the collaborative features of science in Sub-Saharan Africa before the COVID-19 pandemic. The high volume of international collaboration during the pandemic is a good development. There is also a strong need to forge more robust pan-African research collaboration networks, through funding from Africa’s national and regional government organizations, with the specific objective of meeting local COVID-19 and other healthcare needs.","PeriodicalId":32626,"journal":{"name":"Open Information Science","volume":"5 1","pages":"263 - 277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49657199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The Influence of historical scripts on contemporary calligraphy and type design 历史文字对当代书法和字体设计的影响

Open Information Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opis-2020-0119

Manny Ling

引用次数: 2

Machine Readable Race: Constructing Racial Information in the Third Reich 机器可读种族：建构第三帝国的种族信息

Open Information Science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opis-2020-0011

Luke Munn

{"title":"Machine Readable Race: Constructing Racial Information in the Third Reich","authors":"Luke Munn","doi":"10.1515/opis-2020-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opis-2020-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper examines how informational processing drove new structures of racial classification in the Third Reich. The Deutsche Hollerith-Maschinen Gesellschaft mbH (Dehomag) worked closely with the government in designing and integrating punch-card informational systems. As a German subsidiary of IBM, Dehomag’s technology was deployed initially for a census in order to provide a more detailed racial analysis of the population. However the racial data was not detailed enough. The Nuremberg Race Laws provided a more precise and procedural definition of Jewishness that could be rendered machine-readable. As the volume and velocity of information in the Reich increased, Dehomag’s technology was adopted by other agencies like the Race and Settlement Office, and culminated in the vision of a single machinic number for each citizen. Through the lens of these proto-technologies, the paper demonstrates the historical interplay between race and information. Yet if the indexing and sorting of race anticipates big-data analytics, contemporary power is more sophisticated and subtle. The complexity of modern algorithmic regimes diffuses obvious racial markers, engendering a racism without race.","PeriodicalId":32626,"journal":{"name":"Open Information Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"143 - 155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/opis-2020-0011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49586693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The YouTube Algorithm and the Alt-Right Filter Bubble YouTube算法和另类右翼过滤泡沫

Open Information Science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opis-2020-0007

Lauren Valentino Bryant

引用次数: 29

Disrupting Digital Divide Narratives: Exploring the U.S. Black Diasporic Immigrant Context 颠覆数字鸿沟叙事:探索美国黑人散居移民背景

Open Information Science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opis-2020-0006

Ana Ndumu

{"title":"Disrupting Digital Divide Narratives: Exploring the U.S. Black Diasporic Immigrant Context","authors":"Ana Ndumu","doi":"10.1515/opis-2020-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opis-2020-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of this study is to probe biased library and information science (LIS) presumptions of digital divides among U.S. immigrants. The stance of the foreign-born as “digital immigrants” departs from migration and population research which hold that gaps in immigrant Internet and technology access are rapidly closing, even when accounting for immigrant type. The research is based on analysis of the 2016 U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey data. Black immigrant households’ ICT device and Internet access were determined and then compared to those of the general population. Findings suggest that Black immigrant households primarily access the Internet through smartphone and laptop devices along with mobile and at-home hi-speed Internet plans. When compared to the general population, Black immigrant households demonstrate significantly greater smartphone access, and they maintain comparable levels of hi-speed Internet and computer/laptop device access. This study adds to a growing body of research on the narrowing digital divide gap among U.S. immigrants. Immigrants rely on the Internet to transition and integrate into U.S. society.","PeriodicalId":32626,"journal":{"name":"Open Information Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"75 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/opis-2020-0006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43015040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3