Open Information Science最新文献_第2页

Adding Perspective to the Bibliometric Mapping Using Bidirected Graph 使用双向图向文献计量图添加透视图

Open Information Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opis-2022-0152

Faizhal Arif Santosa

引用次数: 0

Scopus-Based Study of Sustainability in the Syrian Higher Education Focusing on the Largest University 基于范围的叙利亚高等教育可持续性研究——以最大的大学为重点

Open Information Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opis-2022-0149

Marwan Al-Raeei

{"title":"Scopus-Based Study of Sustainability in the Syrian Higher Education Focusing on the Largest University","authors":"Marwan Al-Raeei","doi":"10.1515/opis-2022-0149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opis-2022-0149","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Achieving an effective sustainable developmental policy is considered a primary goal in a large number of institutions around the world. The application of this policy in universities is reflected throughout the country, especially in developing and low-income countries. This research aims to analyse the sustainability policies adopted at Damascus University during the past 5 years of the Syrian crisis through several factors, with a focus on the analysis based on the SciVal and Scopus databases. We consider Damascus University as an example of an institution of a developing country. We use the method of extracting and analysing the data of the 16 sustainable development goals (SDGs) of Damascus University within Scopus. Based on Scopus and SciVal data, we find that Damascus University made a significant leap in the number of its research related to sustainable development in the year 2022, as these research studies constituted 46.0% of all published, abstracted, and indexed research studies in Scopus by Damascus University researchers. Also, by analysing the citation data which the SDG documents have received, we find that the citations resulted from these documents represent about 53% of the total citation of the university during the same time.","PeriodicalId":32626,"journal":{"name":"Open Information Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43039247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Ethical Issues of Human Information Behaviour and Human Information Interactions 人类信息行为与人类信息互动的伦理问题

Open Information Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opis-2022-0155

Jela Steinerová

{"title":"Ethical Issues of Human Information Behaviour and Human Information Interactions","authors":"Jela Steinerová","doi":"10.1515/opis-2022-0155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opis-2022-0155","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objectives of the study are to determine the main ethical factors related to human information interactions. The main research question was: What is the perception of ethical issues of information work and future topics of information ethics in digital environment? A brief analysis of related ethical issues of information is presented. The main applied methodology was a Delphi study on information ethics with selected experts from Slovakia and Czech Republic. The data were analysed with the use of mixed methods of discourse and content analyses and conceptual modelling. We present results of the discourse analyses (first round, 19 experts; discussion, 6 experts). Results are interpreted with regard to the ethical issues of work with digital information, main ethical dilemmas of the use of advanced technologies, and values of information. Results are visualised in three conceptual maps. A final conceptual model represents the epistemic consensus of experts, including social and cultural rules, value tensions between man and technologies, and utility, truth, and objectivity of information. We propose to include the identified ethical factors into models of human information behaviour. Recommendations for practice focus on value-sensitive design of digital services and products in the intercultural contexts of information literacy, education, science, workplaces, and everyday information use.","PeriodicalId":32626,"journal":{"name":"Open Information Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46780619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effectiveness of Software Designed to Detect AI-Generated Writing: A Comparison of 16 AI Text Detectors 用于检测人工智能生成的文字的软件的有效性:16个人工智能文本检测器的比较

Open Information Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opis-2022-0158

William H. Walters

{"title":"The Effectiveness of Software Designed to Detect AI-Generated Writing: A Comparison of 16 AI Text Detectors","authors":"William H. Walters","doi":"10.1515/opis-2022-0158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opis-2022-0158","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study evaluates the accuracy of 16 publicly available AI text detectors in discriminating between AI-generated and human-generated writing. The evaluated documents include 42 undergraduate essays generated by ChatGPT-3.5, 42 generated by ChatGPT-4, and 42 written by students in a first-year composition course without the use of AI. Each detector’s performance was assessed with regard to its overall accuracy, its accuracy with each type of document, its decisiveness (the relative number of uncertain responses), the number of false positives (human-generated papers designated as AI by the detector), and the number of false negatives (AI-generated papers designated as human ). Three detectors – Copyleaks, TurnItIn, and Originality.ai – have high accuracy with all three sets of documents. Although most of the other 13 detectors can distinguish between GPT-3.5 papers and human-generated papers with reasonably high accuracy, they are generally ineffective at distinguishing between GPT-4 papers and those written by undergraduate students. Overall, the detectors that require registration and payment are only slightly more accurate than the others.","PeriodicalId":32626,"journal":{"name":"Open Information Science","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136005155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Assessing Diversity in Academic Library Book Collections: Diversity Audit Principles and Methods 高校图书馆藏书多样性评价：多样性审计原则与方法

Open Information Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opis-2022-0148

W. H. Walters

{"title":"Assessing Diversity in Academic Library Book Collections: Diversity Audit Principles and Methods","authors":"W. H. Walters","doi":"10.1515/opis-2022-0148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opis-2022-0148","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Diversity audits reveal the extent to which library collections incorporate the topics, perspectives, authors, characters, and narratives associated with underrepresented or marginalized groups. They can help us evaluate whether the collection is aligned with the user community, pinpoint the specific areas where improvement is needed, establish goals and timelines, measure progress toward those goals, demonstrate that deficiencies in the collection are being addressed, and highlight the need for additional resources. This guide reviews the scholarly and professional literature on diversity audits of academic library book collections. It discusses how concepts such as diverse groups and diverse books can be operationalized; describes three methods of conducting the diversity audit – the catalog search method, the checklist method, and the book inspection method; considers various benchmarks or targets that may be adopted; and explains how the results of the analysis can be used to build more diverse library collections. The review concludes by presenting three fundamental questions that explore the limits of the audit methods currently in use, highlight underlying issues that librarians may want to consider, and suggest avenues for further research and discussion.","PeriodicalId":32626,"journal":{"name":"Open Information Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47923759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analyzing Hate Speech Against Women on Instagram 分析Instagram上针对女性的仇恨言论

Open Information Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opis-2022-0161

Sandra Lopes Miranda

{"title":"Analyzing Hate Speech Against Women on Instagram","authors":"Sandra Lopes Miranda","doi":"10.1515/opis-2022-0161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opis-2022-0161","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The popularization of digital technologies, such as social media, has driven remarkable changes in the way citizens participate in public life. On the one hand, they gave power to social actors, who began to act in a new media environment, with a considerable impact on the political and economic spheres. On the other hand, they laid the material foundations for the dissemination of hate speech against vulnerable groups and minorities. The present investigation has as its main objective to analyze the misogynistic hate narratives that are uttered in social media. For this purpose, a netnographic study was carried out, of the qualitative type, organized in three sequential moments: extraction, exploration/treatment, and content analysis of the data from the platform of the social network Instagram. The data highlighted from 74 profiles aligned with hate speech show, essentially, the presence of 40 publications, largely linked to extreme right-wing cultures with discursive and imagery manifestations of a misogynistic nature, highlighting the use of irony and the ridicule of women. The most offensive dimension of hate speech was measured in the comments of the followers of these publications, present in the form of insult and direct offense, confirming that the digital environment has aggravated hostility and online harassment against women.","PeriodicalId":32626,"journal":{"name":"Open Information Science","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135506669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ethics and Social Responsibility in Information Behavior, an Interdisciplinary Research in Uruguay 信息行为中的伦理与社会责任，乌拉圭跨学科研究

Open Information Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opis-2022-0156

Martha Sabelli

{"title":"Ethics and Social Responsibility in Information Behavior, an Interdisciplinary Research in Uruguay","authors":"Martha Sabelli","doi":"10.1515/opis-2022-0156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opis-2022-0156","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article presents a series of projects focused, within the framework of the ethical and social responsibility of a Latin American public university, on the information behavior of disadvantaged people, developed from 2008 to the present, within the Information Institute of the University of the Republic, Uruguay. They arose from the views and ideas supported by the project leaders and teams concerning the deficiencies and limitations in the access, use, and appropriation of necessary, relevant, valuable, and reliable information for the personal and social development of social sectors in unfavorable situations in the contexts in which they live. Each of the studies has real social impacts on information policy agendas, incorporating actions to achieve the 2030 Agenda. The projects comprise the theoretical and methodological perspectives presented in each one on the field of information behavior and related to each situation problem identified in a specific user community. The research subjects were young women (2008–2010), adolescents (2010–2015), older women (2017–2019), and family members of children with autism spectrum syndrome (ASD) (2021–2023). We seek to understand the social realities of information and information technologies insofar as most investigations incorporate the development and use of ICTs in the quest to disseminate inclusive information.","PeriodicalId":32626,"journal":{"name":"Open Information Science","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135839657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social Unrest Prediction Through Sentiment Analysis on Twitter Using Support Vector Machine: Experimental Study on Nigeria’s #EndSARS 基于支持向量机的推特情绪分析预测社会动荡：尼日利亚#EndSARS的实验研究

Open Information Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opis-2022-0141

Temidayo Michael Oladele, E. F. Ayetiran

{"title":"Social Unrest Prediction Through Sentiment Analysis on Twitter Using Support Vector Machine: Experimental Study on Nigeria’s #EndSARS","authors":"Temidayo Michael Oladele, E. F. Ayetiran","doi":"10.1515/opis-2022-0141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opis-2022-0141","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Social unrest is a powerful mode of expression and organized form of behavior involving civil disorders and acts of mass civil disobedience, among other behaviors. Nowadays, signs of most social unrest start from the social media websites, such as Twitter, Facebook, etc. In recent times, Nigeria has faced different forms of social unrest, including the popular #EndSARS, which began on Twitter with a demand that government disband the Special Anti-Robbery Squad (SARS), a unit under the Nigerian Police Force for alleged brutality. Mining public opinions such as this on social media can assist the government and other concerned organizations by serving as an early warning system. In this work, we collected user tweets with #EndSARS from Twitter and pre-processed and annotated them into positive and negative classes. A support vector classifier was then used for classifying the sentiment expressed in them. Experimental results show 90% accuracy, 94% precision, 85% recall, and 89% F1 score on the test set. The codes and dataset are publicly available for research use. https://github.com/Temidayomichael/Social-unrest-prediction.","PeriodicalId":32626,"journal":{"name":"Open Information Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46502568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Culturally Responsive Librarians: Shifting Perspectives Toward Racial Empathy 文化响应型图书馆员：转变对种族同理心的看法

Open Information Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opis-2022-0140

Elizabeth Burns

{"title":"Culturally Responsive Librarians: Shifting Perspectives Toward Racial Empathy","authors":"Elizabeth Burns","doi":"10.1515/opis-2022-0140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opis-2022-0140","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Libraries are charged with being inclusive spaces for all patrons. Library (library and information science [LIS]) preparation programs, by extension, must prepare the next generation of librarians to meet the needs of an increasingly diverse population. It is imperative that today’s librarians are equipped to infuse diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) theory with best practice when establishing policy and procedure for the library environment, staff, and programing. With little research and no established protocol in LIS education, it is unclear how pre-service librarians are trained in DEI to meet the needs of all users. This exploratory study used a participatory action research model to examine how a library educator-researcher might begin to develop a framework centered on cultural competence and implement it with one class of emerging librarians to explore issues impacting racial DEI in library services. Findings suggest that the framework provided a structure by which the LIS students could interrogate their own bias, gain greater empathy toward understanding DEI and racial issues, and begin to shift their beliefs toward creating a culturally responsive library setting.","PeriodicalId":32626,"journal":{"name":"Open Information Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47559063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Whom Do I Ask? First-Time Postpartum Mothers in a Developing Economy 我该问谁?发展中经济体中的首次产后母亲

Open Information Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/opis-2022-0157

Pearl Owusua Amanquah, Florence Odarkor Entsua-Mensah, Lenin Nii Korley Commodore

{"title":"Whom Do I Ask? First-Time Postpartum Mothers in a Developing Economy","authors":"Pearl Owusua Amanquah, Florence Odarkor Entsua-Mensah, Lenin Nii Korley Commodore","doi":"10.1515/opis-2022-0157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opis-2022-0157","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background There is seemingly no clear path to obtain the relevant information during postpartum as there is limited understanding of the information-seeking behaviour of postpartum women in recent times and difficulty in getting adequate healthcare information in sub-Saharan Africa. In Ghana, numerous studies exist on information needs and information-seeking behaviour in the health sector, but none emphasized both the health information needs and information-seeking behaviour of postpartum women. Aim This study aimed to investigate the health information needs and the information-seeking behaviour of first-time postpartum mothers in the Sunyani Municipal Hospital in Ghana. Methods The study employed a cross-sectional survey which used a quantitative research approach and a convenience sampling technique to sample 139 first-time mothers using a questionnaire that is based on a scientific understanding of how people find and use information. Findings It was revealed that the majority of first-time mothers had experienced the need for health information and had adequate knowledge about health issues but inadequate or moderate knowledge of postpartum health issues. Their most preferred source of health information is the healthcare professional due to their trust in them, and first-time mothers also consulted other informal sources without proper evaluation. Conclusion The state of becoming a mother comes with its challenges, and as such, timely and accurate health information is needed to help curb these challenges. Through training and education, government and authorities can help protect postpartum mothers from harm.","PeriodicalId":32626,"journal":{"name":"Open Information Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135953819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0