Wen-Jing Wang, Ziyang Du, Sha Li, Guangyue Lu, Long Chen, Nan Qi
{"title":"UAV-Based Intelligent Reflecting Surface Transmission: Weighted Sum Rate Maximization of Wireless Network","authors":"Wen-Jing Wang, Ziyang Du, Sha Li, Guangyue Lu, Long Chen, Nan Qi","doi":"10.1109/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10012856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10012856","url":null,"abstract":"Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) carrying intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) can serve as an aerial platform to improve the coverage area and transmission performance of traditional wireless network. In this paper, we investigate the weighted sum rate maximization problem for a UAV-assisted and IRS-based multi-user communication system. Specifically, by applying the alternating optimization approach, we propose a two-phase approach to effectively optimize the number of activated reflective elements, the precoding matrix, the phase shift, and the UAV location. Numerical results validate that the proposed approach can converge at a faster rate and improve the weighted sum rate performance.","PeriodicalId":326047,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 96th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2022-Fall)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130300112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cybertwin-Driven Multi-Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces aided Vehicular Edge Computing Leveraged by Deep Reinforcement Learning","authors":"Xuhui Zhang, Huijun Xing, Weilin Zang, Zhenzhen Jin, Yanyan Shen","doi":"10.1109/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10012694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10012694","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the cybertwin-driven intelligent internet of vehicles has received widespread consideration in modern smart cities which makes it possible to run high dimensional, low-latency tolerating, and computational-intensive tasks on the vehicles. Thanks to the development in mobile edge computing, the so-called vehicular edge computing allows mobile vehicles to offload their tasks to the road-side unit or hybrid access point due to the limited computation capability. In this paper, we consider a cybertwin-driven internet of vehicle system that provides computing services for mobile vehicles in local area network or wide area network aided with multi-intelligent reflecting surfaces. Based on this system model, we investigate an optimization problem to jointly maximize the sum of data rate in wide area network, and the sum of energy utilities of vehicles. However, in the proposed system model, it is complicated to design the optimal phase, scheduling and offloading decision policy. To solve this issue, we propose a block coordinate descent and deep reinforcement learning based intelligent IoV computing policy. Numerical results have verified that the proposed algorithm can achieve better IoV computing performance compared with four relative benchmark algorithms.","PeriodicalId":326047,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 96th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2022-Fall)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126936871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study on Optical Fiber Communication in Vehicle","authors":"Toshihito Tatsuoka, Zhenni Pan, S. Shimamoto","doi":"10.1109/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10013017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10013017","url":null,"abstract":"We designed an in-vehicle communication system using wavelength division multiplexing and investigated its characteristics under various environments. Since a single optical fiber can communicate multiple wavelengths of light, it is assumed that this will lead to a reduction in the number and weight of cables required for communication compared to conventional coaxial cables. As a result, vehicle maintenance and fuel efficiency were improved. Using data from coaxial cables as a reference, the transmission characteristics of single-mode fiber (SMF), the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems, and the transmission characteristics of optical fibers were measured and compared in an in-vehicle environment.","PeriodicalId":326047,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 96th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2022-Fall)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123502630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. K. Vankayala, Purnima Lala Mehta, Seungil Yoon, K. Sharma, N. Prashant, Sai Krishna Santosh Gollapudi
{"title":"Outdoor Localization of Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces using Radio Maps","authors":"S. K. Vankayala, Purnima Lala Mehta, Seungil Yoon, K. Sharma, N. Prashant, Sai Krishna Santosh Gollapudi","doi":"10.1109/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10012902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10012902","url":null,"abstract":"Determining the best locations for Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS) is crucial in attaining an intelligent and controllable wireless environment, where increased probability of Line-of-Sight (LoS) links results in achieving higher performance gains. This paper investigates the potential in improving the performance of IRS-assisted wireless communication systems for Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) users. We particularly evaluate the coverage performance of placing multiple IRSs within an area map that consists of pre-installed Base Stations (BSs). We propose a fast and novel Angle-Direction Localization algorithm to determine optimal IRS locations such that a virtual LoS (VLoS) path to the NLoS users can be established. Through our proposed algorithm, we show an increase in the LoS connections to the NLoS users in the area map using optimally localized IRSs. Lastly, we show minimized end-to-end path loss levels at the NLoS user locations on the placement of IRSs using radio maps. Our results showcase that optimally localized IRSs, play an important role in extending the coverage of an existing network.","PeriodicalId":326047,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 96th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2022-Fall)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123533814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design of Robust LoS-MIMO Transmission in HAPS Feeder Link","authors":"Motoshi Tawada, Y. Ohta, A. Nagate","doi":"10.1109/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10012950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10012950","url":null,"abstract":"In line of sight multiple input multiple output (LoS-MIMO) transmission in a feeder link, which involves communication between a ground station and a high altitude platform station (HAPS), the design of antenna arrays that ensure a stable and high channel capacity is a challenge because of the degradation of the channel capacity caused by changes in the distance and angle owing to the movement of the HAPS. In this study, we first evaluate the channel capacity characteristics of a basic uniform linear array (ULA) for LoS-MIMO transmission during movement. To compensate for this drawback, we propose a uniform cross array (UXA) configuration with two crossed ULAs as the antenna array and show that the LoS-MIMO transmission with the UXA configuration is robust against HAPS movement. The method in this paper is applicable to HAPS as well as LoS-MIMO transmission between two stations with changing positions. LoS-MIMO transmission using UXA exhibits excellent performance with the channel capacity approaching the theoretical upper bound.","PeriodicalId":326047,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 96th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2022-Fall)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114067126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Shawky, Muhammad Usman, M. Imran, Q. Abbasi, Shuja Ansari, Ahmad Taha
{"title":"Adaptive and Efficient Key Extraction for Fast and Slow Fading Channels in V2V Communications","authors":"M. Shawky, Muhammad Usman, M. Imran, Q. Abbasi, Shuja Ansari, Ahmad Taha","doi":"10.1109/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10012884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10012884","url":null,"abstract":"Securing data exchange between intercommunicating terminals, e.g., vehicle-to-everything, constitutes a technological challenge that needs to be addressed. Security solutions must be computationally efficient and flexible enough to be implemented in any wireless propagation environment. Recently, physical layer security has gained popularity, which exploits the randomness of wireless channel responses for extracting high entropy secret cryptographic keys. The current state-of-the-art relies on the independently varying channel sources of randomness, e.g., received signal strength (RSS) and phase. However, the limited capability of RSS-based extraction techniques has motivated researchers to investigate alternative approaches. Although phase-based approaches have emerged in many studies, optimising the extraction performance by adapting the algorithm to the non-reciprocal components of static and dynamic channels remains a challenge. In this paper, we propose an adaptive multilevel quantisation approach that adjusts the size of the quantisation region to the channel responses’ non-reciprocity parameters, thus optimising the trade-off between the bit generation rate (BGR) and the bit mismatch rate (BMR). The probability of error has been theoretically formulated. Accordingly, the order of the quantisation process is adapted for acceptable mismatching probability. Moreover, simulation analysis is conducted to prove the ability of the proposed approach to provide flexible adaptation of the quantisation order at different signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), achieving fast secret bit generation rates 1. 1$sim$2.85bits/packet at SNRs of 10$sim$25 dB for acceptable BMR $leq 0.1$.","PeriodicalId":326047,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 96th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2022-Fall)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116333196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Approximate Noise-Whitening in MIMO Detection via Banded-Inverse Extension","authors":"Sha Hu, Hao Wang","doi":"10.1109/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10012712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10012712","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a novel approximate noise-whitening for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) detection via banded-inverse extension (BIE). If a noise covariance matrix origins from a Gauss-Markov process (GMP), its inverse is banded and the proposal is exact and yields no accuracy-losses. For general matrices to be inverted, the approximation-errors from inversion introduce a mismatched MIMO detection-model, which can cause performance-degradation. Hence, we develop an information-theoretic tool with generalized mutual information (GMI) to evaluate the impacts from approximation-errors on the final achievable rate. We show that the approximate noise-whitening method based on BIE not only minimizes the noise-distortion measured from the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence, but also asymptotically maximizes GMI of the MIMO system as signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) increases. Besides, the proposal also provides a unified framework for approximate matrix-inverse with an adjustable band-size that can tune the trade-off between complexity and accuracy.","PeriodicalId":326047,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 96th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2022-Fall)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121642531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Secrecy Performance of RIS-Aided Wireless Systems in the Presence of Mobile Interferers and Eavesdropper Mobility","authors":"Aman Sikri, Aashish Mathur","doi":"10.1109/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10012999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10012999","url":null,"abstract":"Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) recently emerged as a promising technology for beyond-$5^{mathrm{t}mathrm{h}}$ Generation (B5G)/$6^{mathrm{t}mathrm{h}}$ Generation (6G) wireless networks. In this paper, considering random waypoint (RWP) mobility model, we evaluate the secrecy performance of a RIS-aided legitimate receiver in the presence of mobile eavesdropper and mobile co-channel interferers (CCI). It is assumed that the legitimate transmitter-RIS, RIS-eavesdropper, and RIS-legitimate receiver links follow Rayleigh distributions. The links between the interferers and the legitimate receiver also follow Rayleigh distributions. The performance of the considered system is evaluated by deriving the approximated closed-form expressions for the secrecy outage probability (SOP) and probability of non-zero secrecy capacity (PNZ). It is shown through numerical results that the presence of mobile interferers and eavesdropper mobility significantly degrades the overall secrecy performance of the system considered.","PeriodicalId":326047,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 96th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2022-Fall)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127696269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abderrahmane El Mettiti, M. Oumsis, A. Chehri, Rachid Saadane
{"title":"Real-Time Emotion Recognition Using Deep Learning Algorithms","authors":"Abderrahmane El Mettiti, M. Oumsis, A. Chehri, Rachid Saadane","doi":"10.1109/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10012772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10012772","url":null,"abstract":"Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques have been used to study the changes in human physiological and non-physiological properties. DL has proven his efficiency when perceiving positive emotions (joy, surprise, pride, emotion) and negative emotions (anger, sadness, fear, disgust). Furthermore, the DL is used to identify the emotions accordingly. First, this paper describes the different DL and ML algorithms applied in the emotion recognition field. Then, as a perspective, it proposes a three-layered emotion recognition architecture that leverages the massive data generated by IoT devices such as mobile phones, smart homes, and health monitoring. Finally, the potential of emerging technologies, such as 5G and 6G communication systems in a parallel Big Data infrastructure, were discussed.","PeriodicalId":326047,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 96th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2022-Fall)","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128115057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Underwater Optical Communication Module: An Extension to the ns-3 Network Simulator","authors":"Rabia Qadar, Waleed Bin Qaim, Bo Tan, J. Nurmi","doi":"10.1109/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10012885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10012885","url":null,"abstract":"In the last decade, the field of wireless optical communication has gathered immense interest due to its adoption in growing bandwidth-hungry underwater applications. The expensive and non-standardized on-field research measurements call for a reliable simulation tool that allows researchers to realistically design and assess the performance of Underwater Optical Communication (UOC) systems before conducting actual underwater experiments. In this paper, we present a UOC module as an extension to the network simulator ns-3. The module can study the impact of different water conditions on underwater optical networks from the physical layer to the network layer. The proposed UOC module realizes physical layer models of the UOC channels where the added noise and interference effects are modeled as Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN). Results show the capability of our module to facilitate large underwater optical network design and optimization. Since ns-3 is an open-source software, the module has the flexibility and reusability to be further developed by the worldwide research community.","PeriodicalId":326047,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 96th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2022-Fall)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125678674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}