{"title":"The multipole nature of the extraneous field of a magnetic field wireless power transfer system","authors":"J. Mclean, R. Sutton","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2016.7571713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2016.7571713","url":null,"abstract":"Because efficiency is paramount, magnetic field wireless power transfer (MF-WPT) systems are tuned in a manner similar to some tuned linear transformers, such as IF transformers, in which the primary and secondary circuits are each tuned to the same resonant frequency (synchronous tuning) and then the load resistance adjusted for critical coupling. This causes the primary and secondary currents to be 90° out of phase with one another. The phase difference gives rise to a unique extraneous electromagnetic field consisting primarily of contributions from a magnetic dipole and a linear magnetic quadrupole. At great distance, the dipole moment contribution dominates. However, in the immediate vicinity of the system, the contribution from the quadrupole moment can dominate and thus there exists a certain distance from the system (dependent on direction) at which the dipole and quadrupole contributions are of the same order. We determine this distance for typical MF-WPT designs at ground level and find that the contribution of the dipole moment dominates the magnetic field at distances frequently specified in EMC standards, e.g. 3 and 10 meters. This conclusion has implications for characterization procedures which involve the the measurement of only the magnetic dipole moment.","PeriodicalId":326016,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130458856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hironari Tanaka, Ikuo Makino, H. Shimanoe, H. Muramatsu
{"title":"An evaluation of using small biconical antennas in normalized site attenuation measurements","authors":"Hironari Tanaka, Ikuo Makino, H. Shimanoe, H. Muramatsu","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2016.7571728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2016.7571728","url":null,"abstract":"Validation of radiated emission measurement sites is usually performed through normalized site attenuation (NSA) measurements in 30 MHz to 1 GHz using broadband antennas, as established in such standards as ANSI 63.4 and CISPR 16-1-4. By the standard method, it is typical to use a biconical antenna in the 30 MHz to 200 MHz range and a log-periodic dipole antenna in the 200 MHz to 1 GHz range. Meanwhile, we see cases of using a small biconical antenna in NSA measurements over the entire frequency range Therefore, we, VCCI decided to conduct a series of experiments to evaluate the feasibility of using small biconical antennas in NSA measurements, as contrasted to typical Bicon/LPD antennas. Prior to a series of experiments, we conducted NSA antenna factor calibration, and found small biconical antennas would require an NSA measuring system being able to ensure a wide dynamic range of 140dB or more due to their large antenna factors. Also we experimented the differences of antenna impedance and radiation patterns of each antenna. NSA measurements in this evaluation were conducted at three 3 m SACs and twe 10 m SACs of each antenna. As the results, we found that, although there were little differences from the standard method below 200 MHz, differences were apparent above 200 MHz by the difference of antenna radiation patterns and above 500 MHz by the effect of reflections from the antenna mast.","PeriodicalId":326016,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)","volume":"6 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131653756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Jung, Jonghoon J. Kim, Heegon Kim, Sumin Choi, Jaemin Lim, Joungho Kim, Hyun-Cheol Bae, Kwang-Seong Choi
{"title":"Modeling and analysis of high-speed through silicon via (TSV) channel and defects","authors":"D. Jung, Jonghoon J. Kim, Heegon Kim, Sumin Choi, Jaemin Lim, Joungho Kim, Hyun-Cheol Bae, Kwang-Seong Choi","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2016.7571686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2016.7571686","url":null,"abstract":"Through silicon via (TSV) based 3DIC has allowed vertical integration of multiple dies for wide I/O configuration. With thousands of TSVs, data transfer rate can be reduced, while maintaining the highest bandwidth compared to the systems in conventional integrated chips and packages. The challenges lie on high yield fabrication process. The trend in dimension of TSV is continuously decreasing, which also causes bumps and redistribution layer (RDL) to be reduced for routing high number of I/Os. In this paper, we present the equivalent circuit models and analyze the TSV channels for investigation of the effect of possible defects. The verified models are used for characterizing the defects in TSV channel, and we validate the failure analysis method with electrical characteristic analysis in frequency-domain with S-parameter plots as well as time-domain waveforms with TDR.","PeriodicalId":326016,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131730937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Man-made noise measurement in Sweden: Results, lessons learned and concept for future measurement","authors":"B. Johansson, T. Lindgren","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2016.7571598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2016.7571598","url":null,"abstract":"Man-made noise is often a factor that limits the range and data rate for communication in the HF, VHF and the lower UHF bands. Man-made noise is also a limiting factor for what can be achieved by a Signal Intelligence (SI) system or an eavesdropper. The ITU-R P.372, frequently used in link budget calculations, is based on extensive measurements carried out in the 70s. Most of the work was focused on the noise level, and not so much about noise characteristics. However, the noise characteristics are important, particularly for digital systems. In the late 90s to the first years after 2000, FOI performed a measurement campaign in different environment categories. The measurements included, noise levels, diurnal variations, spatial variations and noise characteristics. With a SI system or an eavesdropper in mind, the measurement system was design for low noise levels. In this paper, we will present experience from system design and lessons learned based on earlier measurement campaign of the noise environment. The results show no dramatic changes in noise levels compared to the ITU recommendations for corresponding environments. Measurements in Europe 2006/2007 show similar results in terms of noise levels. In rural environment, the diurnal variation was low, in contrast to the results for the residential environment, which show a clear difference between the day and night levels. Noise variations in space, especially in environment dominated by a few buildings, where evident. Also the deviation in noise characteristic was frequent compared to the commonly assumed Gaussian characteristics. This was palpable for frequencies below 100 MHz. A measuring system with high sensitivity and with directional antennas leads to a physically large system. This is a major limitation when choosing measurement sites. The system was far too unwieldy to be able to be smoothly use in many urban sites. In such environments, the noise levels are usually high and the high sensitivity is not necessary. The sensitivity of the measuring system can therefore be sacrificed for the benefit of flexibility. A source of problems was all the relays needed to switch between the antennas. The reliability of the system would probably have been increased by using a simpler antenna. After that we conducted our measurements, the use of electronic equipment, both in civilian and military applications, has increased significantly. Computer networks, which are potential sources of interference, are commonly used in most environments. Meanwhile, military units are expected to operate in dense urban and indoors environment without disruption or degradation of the communication and sensor systems. Therefore, there is a great need to obtain an over-all picture of the noise environment. In this paper, we present new design ideas of a noise measurement system. The technological development has opened up for the using many small and inexpensive measuring systems with high signal processing capabi","PeriodicalId":326016,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128737482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Magnetic shield design modeling and validation for SWOT spacecraft Ka-band Extended Interaction Klystron","authors":"Edward Gonzales, D. McWatters","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2016.7571570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2016.7571570","url":null,"abstract":"Two Extended Interaction Klystrons (EIKs) containing strong permanent magnets were modeled magnetically in a representative spacecraft geometry using commercial finite element modeling techniques and were validated against measurements made at varying distances. Initial modeling results for the 63 A-m2 dipole moment magnets showed that magnetic shields would be necessary in order to meet magnetic field requirements for the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) spacecraft, which contains components that are susceptible to external DC magnetic fields. JPL and the EIK vendor proposed cold rolled steel and mu-metal as potential shield materials along with proposed thicknesses of 0.5 mm and 1.5 mm. Magnetic shields made from each of these materials were designed and modeled in software, taking high-field saturation into account. Prototype magnetic shields with these parameters were then built, measured with an existing EIK, and compared against modeling results. For single-axis field measurements along the dipole axis, modeling results were within 7 gauss of the measured values at 10 cm from the magnet, and converged to less than 1.5 gauss at distances greater than 14 cm from the magnet. Three-axis field measurements at locations of interest showed that model correlation improved to within 4 gauss at 11 cm and 2 gauss for distances ranging between 15 cm and 36 cm.","PeriodicalId":326016,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115977831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PIM performance of RF components — A growing concern for RF compliance testing of large wireless MIMO transmitters","authors":"Q. Yu","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2016.7571708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2016.7571708","url":null,"abstract":"The passive intermodulation (PIM) had rarely caused a concern for the Radio Frequency (RF) compliance testing of licensed wireless systems in the past. But this may change as the broadband LTE (Long-Term Evolution) systems with MIMO (multiple-input and multiple-output) technology are being rolled out nationwide. This article discusses the causes of PIM distortion in RF testing and elaborates on why the PIM performance of RF measurement components becomes so important for testing the latest wireless massive MIMO equipment for higher power application. The static PIM distortion of common RF measurement components, such as RF cables, attenuators and directional couplers was measured. The results illustrated the importance of adding PIM performance as one of selecting criteria for RF testing assets. The steps for negating PIM generation during RF compliance testing are provided as well.","PeriodicalId":326016,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)","volume":"520 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116185518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Radiation pattern of a hybrid type high altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) simulator","authors":"R. Kichouliya, M. J. Thomas","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2016.7571704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2016.7571704","url":null,"abstract":"The high altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) simulators used to simulate the threat level HEMP environment according to the various standards. The electric field radiated outside the working volume may have significant impact on the nearby electronic systems. In this paper we have computed the radiated far field in time domain and electric field radiation pattern of a hybrid type HEMP simulator in θ and φ plane at various frequencies using Method of Moments. Based on the radiation pattern the orientation of the simulator can be decided to minimize the interference effects to critical electronic systems.","PeriodicalId":326016,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115094066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A simplified approach for calculating the capacitance of single conductor by solving the electrostatic field","authors":"Y. Shangguan, Jiansheng Yuan, J. Zou","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2016.7571613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2016.7571613","url":null,"abstract":"The capacitance between two terminals of a single conductor working with time-dependent signals is defined by the amount of energy stored in the electric field outside the conductor. A simple approach for calculating the capacitance is presented in this paper, which only needs the computation of an electrostatic field. The approach is derived based on two assumptions, (1) the distribution of potentials on the conductor surface is almost the same, created by a time-dependent current and a direct current flowing in the conductor, (2) the distribution of the potential created by a direct current in the conductor can be modeled by an electrostatic field, in which the conductor is replaced by a dielectric with high permittivity. The approach is only suitable for low-frequency situations, where the displacement current and the inductive electric field can be disregarded.","PeriodicalId":326016,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131798104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Lin, Chung-Pin Huang, Chih-Hao Lin, Hsin-Nan Ke, Wen-Sheng Liu
{"title":"Common-mode noise reduction of bended coupled lines by using time compensation technology","authors":"D. Lin, Chung-Pin Huang, Chih-Hao Lin, Hsin-Nan Ke, Wen-Sheng Liu","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2016.7571751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2016.7571751","url":null,"abstract":"New schemes of right-angle bended coupled lines with axis-aligned periodic stepped-impedance lines (SILs) and non-axis-aligned periodic SILs are proposed to suppress common-mode noise and differential-to-common mode conversion in this paper. The advantages of the periodic SILs structures employed in coupled lines have lower manufacture cost and easier implemented in two-layer PCB, preserving acceptable transmission level and low reflection to maintain signal integrity (SI). The function of SILs structures is used to increase the electrical length of the shorter one, i.e., to increase its respective propagation time, thereby improves the SI when differential signals pass through the asymmetric bended coupled lines.","PeriodicalId":326016,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120890274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Aguilera, C. Lair, F. Issac, B. Michielsen, M. Hélier, M. Darces
{"title":"Simulation of indirect effects of lightning on an aircraft engine","authors":"P. Aguilera, C. Lair, F. Issac, B. Michielsen, M. Hélier, M. Darces","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2016.7571661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2016.7571661","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new approach for simulating the indirect effects of a lightning impact on an aircraft engine. Based on macro modeling, it performs a model reduction of the lightning current on a geometric support called a “patch”. The associated macro finite element space allows for reliable and sufficiently fast resolution so that parameter analysis can be carried out.","PeriodicalId":326016,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131020293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}