Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science最新文献_第3页

Termites and agricultural production in the Sahel: from enemy to friend? 萨赫勒地区的白蚁与农业生产:由敌转友?

Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 1998-05-01 DOI: 10.18174/NJAS.V46I1.498

A. Mando, T. V. Rheenen

引用次数: 16

Use of a scoring technique to assess the effect of field variability on yield of pearl millet grown on three Alfisols in Niger 利用评分技术评价田间变异性对尼日尔三个Alfisols上珍珠粟产量的影响

Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 1998-05-01 DOI: 10.18174/njas.v46i1.495

M. Gandah, J. Bouma, J. Brouwer, N. V. Duivenbooden

引用次数: 16

Integrating farmers' knowledge, attitude and practice in the development of sustainable Striga control interventions in southern Mali 在马里南部整合农民的知识、态度和实践，制定可持续的斯特里加控制干预措施

Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 1998-05-01 DOI: 10.18174/NJAS.V46I1.497

S. Debrah, T. Defoer, M. Bengaly

引用次数: 20

Application of zai and rock bunds in the northwest region of Burkina Faso: Study of its impact on household level by using a stochastic linear programming model 在布吉纳法索西北地区的应用:用随机线性规划模型研究其对家庭水平的影响

Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 1998-05-01 DOI: 10.18174/NJAS.V46I1.502

A. Maatman, H. Sawadogo, C. Schweigman, A. Ouédraogo

{"title":"Application of zai and rock bunds in the northwest region of Burkina Faso: Study of its impact on household level by using a stochastic linear programming model","authors":"A. Maatman, H. Sawadogo, C. Schweigman, A. Ouédraogo","doi":"10.18174/NJAS.V46I1.502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18174/NJAS.V46I1.502","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural production in the NW Burkina Faso is seriously endangered by soil erosion and an overall decline in soil fertility. In the past 15 years various anti-erosion methods have been adopted in this region with some success. The widespread promotion of rock bunds is an important example. Land conservation methods alone without increased efforts to maintain (or to increase) soil fertility levels does not suffice in the long run. The potential impact of a combination of rock bunds and zai, a local technology to improve water infiltration and efficiency of manure application, was investigated. The analysis is carried out at farm level with a stochastic linear programming model. It includes sequential decision making to cope with rainfall risks. The study shows the important potential of rock bunds and application of zai, and limitations due to labour and manure constraints. The techniques are largely applied on common fields. Changes in labour organization and use of manure have to be introduced before women may profit from these techniques on their individual fields. The results show that the impact on farm-level food security is more limited than is sometimes supposed on the basis of a simple extrapolation of plot-level results.","PeriodicalId":324908,"journal":{"name":"Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127571868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 39

Sustainable land use in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of Mali: exploring economically viable options using multiple goal linear programming 马里苏丹-萨赫勒地区的可持续土地利用:利用多目标线性规划探索经济上可行的选择

Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 1998-05-01 DOI: 10.18174/NJAS.V46I1.501

E. Bakker, H. Hengsdijk, K. Sissoko

{"title":"Sustainable land use in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of Mali: exploring economically viable options using multiple goal linear programming","authors":"E. Bakker, H. Hengsdijk, K. Sissoko","doi":"10.18174/NJAS.V46I1.501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18174/NJAS.V46I1.501","url":null,"abstract":"Technical options in crop and animal husbandry to reduce soil nutrient mining and other forms of natural resource degradation in the Sudano-Sahelian zone should be economically attractive, if they are to be adopted. A model is presented in which agronomic and economic information and goals are combined to explore possibilities for agro-ecologically sustainable and economically viable land use in three different climatic regions in Mali and for a situation of non-degraded soils. The time frame of the study is to the year 2010. For each region, an agro-ecologically sustainable land use system (a combination of crop, livestock and pasture production systems) that maximizes income of the agricultural sector and satisfies self sufficiency targets is identified. Special attention is given to the use of chemical fertilizer in crop activities. It is shown that use of chemical fertilizer is an important element of sustainable and economically viable land use, especially in higher rainfall regions. Population size has a marked effect on optimal land use systems in the regions, but self sufficiency is not endangered even if the population is 50% higher than estimated for 2010. It is argued that results should not be used to simulate the actual situation or future developments, but to define priorities for agricultural development in the Sudano-Sahelian region.","PeriodicalId":324908,"journal":{"name":"Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127723989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

Transect sampling strategies for semi-detailed characterization of inland valley systems 内陆河谷系统半详细表征的样条取样策略

Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 1998-05-01 DOI: 10.18174/njas.v46i1.493

P. Windmeijer, T. Stomph, A. Adam, R. Coppus, N. Ridder, M. Kandeh, M. Mahaman, M. V. Loon

{"title":"Transect sampling strategies for semi-detailed characterization of inland valley systems","authors":"P. Windmeijer, T. Stomph, A. Adam, R. Coppus, N. Ridder, M. Kandeh, M. Mahaman, M. V. Loon","doi":"10.18174/njas.v46i1.493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18174/njas.v46i1.493","url":null,"abstract":"For the semi-detailed characterization of inland valleys systems in the Ivory Coast, transect sampling was used to describe valley morphology, soils, and land use characteristics. Initially, for each valley one transect with a width of 200 to 400 m was proposed. More recently, use of a larger number of transects has been suggested. However, there is no statistical basis for either the number of transects to be described or their optimal width. Two sets of aerial photographs (1979, scale 1:50 000, and 1996, scale 1:20 000) of the Boundiali key area were processed and the results digitized. Using GIS, sets of transects with different width were made, and used for the determination of the sample size for estimating the land use ratio and the valley bottom ratio at valley system level with given confidence intervals. These results were validated with data from the field and with sets of pre-selected transects. The calculated sample size is based on simple random sampling and depends on both transect width and variability in the study area. For the characterization of inland valleys with reasonable confidence intervals, the sample size for random sampling is too large for the semi-detailed characterization method. Smaller samples of transects selected on the basis of sub-recent aerial photographs gave comparable results for land cover characteristics estimation as the larger samples for random sampling. There is scope for reducing sample size by formalizing criteria for transect placement on the basis of the earlier aerial photographs.","PeriodicalId":324908,"journal":{"name":"Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124380391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Research priority setting by a stepped agro-ecological approach: case study for the Sahel of Burkina Faso 阶梯式农业生态方法确定研究重点:布基纳法索萨赫勒地区案例研究

Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 1998-05-01 DOI: 10.18174/njas.v46i1.492

L. Thiombiano, W. Andriesse

{"title":"Research priority setting by a stepped agro-ecological approach: case study for the Sahel of Burkina Faso","authors":"L. Thiombiano, W. Andriesse","doi":"10.18174/njas.v46i1.492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18174/njas.v46i1.492","url":null,"abstract":"A model is proposed for the identification of research issues. It includes a set of criteria to weigh the relevance of identified research projects, using an agro-ecological approach by a multidisciplinary team. In this approach, emphasis is placed on the assessment of the impact of the expected results of research projects with regard to productivity and to ecological, economical, and social sustainability. The model comprises seven steps: (1) determination of the main function(s) of a selected agro-ecological zone; (2) determination of the user-needs and indigenous knowledge; (3) determination of the constraints and potentials of the agro-ecological zone; (4) review of existing scientific knowledge and technologies; (5) identification of relevant research issues and their division over strategic and applied research; (6) prioritization and selection of themes and projects; and (7) evaluation of personnel, material and funds. A case study is presented of the Sahelian zone of Burkina Faso. Illustration of the model with this degraded area where sustainability is an actual and important issue allows a discussion on the advantages and limitations of this agro-ecological approach for research prioritization.","PeriodicalId":324908,"journal":{"name":"Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115322472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Oil palm: domestication achieved? 油棕:实现了驯化?

Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.18174/njas.v45i4.506

W. Gerritsma, M. Wessel

{"title":"Oil palm: domestication achieved?","authors":"W. Gerritsma, M. Wessel","doi":"10.18174/njas.v45i4.506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18174/njas.v45i4.506","url":null,"abstract":"The natural habitat of the oil palm comprises very wet and relatively dry niches in the lowland rain forest in West and Central Africa. The domestication of the oil palm started with the extraction of fruits from wild forest resources. When forests were cleared for shifting cultivation, oil palms were not felled and in the subsequent regeneration period they obtained a favourable position resulting in semi-wild palm groves. Thinning of groves gave rise to semi-permanent or permanent intercropping systems of palms and food crops. After the transfer of oil palm to SE Asia in the 19th century, a mono-crop oil palm evolved. Its success was based on a favourable climate, breeding, improved cultivation and processing practices and the absence of major pests and diseases. The high-yielding production systems are sustainable at high input levels and pollution can be kept within acceptable limits. Oil yields and production costs compare favourably to those from other oil crops. The domestication of oil palm for oil yield so far can be considered as a success story. Physiological studies indicate that there is still considerable scope for further increase in yield. The adaptation of oil palm to new environments will continue and produce diversification puts new demands on domestication. This paper reviews the different stages in the domestication process especially adaptation to plantation agriculture, the simultaneous genetic improvement, and the prospects of reaching full yield potential in different environments.","PeriodicalId":324908,"journal":{"name":"Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":"80 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126550816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

The effect of planting date and plant density on phosphorus uptake and phosphorus harvest by Brussels sprouts 播期和密度对抱子甘蓝磷素吸收和磷素收获的影响

Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.18174/njas.v45i4.508

A. Everaarts, M. L. Beusichem

引用次数: 0

Sink-source and sink-sink relations during reproductive development in Lolium perenne L. 多年生黑麦草生殖发育过程中的库源关系和库库关系。

Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 1997-12-01 DOI: 10.18174/NJAS.V45I4.509

J. Warringa, M. Marinissen

{"title":"Sink-source and sink-sink relations during reproductive development in Lolium perenne L.","authors":"J. Warringa, M. Marinissen","doi":"10.18174/NJAS.V45I4.509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18174/NJAS.V45I4.509","url":null,"abstract":"In greenhouse pot trials, L. perenne cv. Barlet plants were labelled with 13C at regular intervals from main spike emergence onwards in order to identify and measure the activity of source and sink organs during seed formation. The source activity of the various tiller groups within the plant roughly reflected the relative contributions of these groups to total plant dry mass. After anthesis there was little net exchange of 13C-label between the older and younger tiller groups. From main spike emergence onwards the source activity of the leaves of the reproductive tiller declined sharply, from 95% of total tiller photosynthesis to 16% at final cutting. The spike became the main assimilating organ on the flowering tiller as the leaves aged. During anthesis the stem was a stronger sink than the seeds. At final cutting 70% of the label was located in the stem, when fixed during anthesis. Water-soluble carbohydrates accumulated in the stem, forming up to 25% of dry matter. After anthesis the sink strength of the developing seeds increased and that of the stem decreased and the stem remained a net sink organ up to about mid-seed filling. Pre-anthesis assimilates contributed 14% to final seed and spikelet carbon, when correcting for the palea and lemma that are present before anthesis. These results show that the stem is a temporary storage organ that can support seed filling. However, only a small amount of the stem reserves was used by the seeds. In contrast to carbon, nitrogen was largely redistributed from the stem and leaves to the seeds. At final harvest 59% of the nitrogen in the flowering tiller was located in the seeds.","PeriodicalId":324908,"journal":{"name":"Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130758340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10