The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology最新文献

{"title":"Primary laryngeal histoplasmosis: a case report","authors":"Kok Foong Yuen, Mun Yee Soo, Nik Fariza Husna Nik Hassan","doi":"10.1186/s43163-023-00519-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-023-00519-8","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Histoplasmosis is a fungal infection that commonly occurs in the lungs or in disseminated form. Primary laryngeal histoplasmosis is a very rare condition that can mimic laryngeal carcinoma or laryngeal tuberculosis. The purpose of this case report is to highlight the rare occurrence of primary laryngeal histoplasmosis with no involvement of other organs, especially the lungs, the diagnosis dilemma, and the antifungal protocol for this case. Case presentation We report a case of a 47-year-old male, who is a pigeon breeder, presented with chronic hoarseness. There were no signs of pulmonary or systemic involvement. Biopsy from laryngeal mucosa was confirmed as histoplasmosis, and he was started on intravenous (IV) amphotericin B for 2 weeks and oral itraconazole for 2 months. Conclusion Primary laryngeal histoplasmosis is considered a very rare occurrence. The laryngeal lesion may mimic conditions such as laryngeal carcinoma and laryngeal tuberculosis. Histopathology examination remains the gold standard, and antifungal treatment is the choice of therapy.","PeriodicalId":321335,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136063304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hearing assessment and treatment outcome in ENT tuberculosis at a tertiary hospital in India","authors":"Reshma P. Chavan, Anish Anto Parokaran, Hamna Abdu Nazir, Ajay P. Damodhar","doi":"10.1186/s43163-023-00516-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-023-00516-x","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aim An attempt has been made to observe the response of anti-Koch’s treatment and the effect of anti-Koch’s treatment on hearing in ENT tuberculosis patients by pure tone audiometry. Material and methods A prospective observational study was carried out at the Government Medical College Hospital. A total of 200 cases diagnosed with tuberculosis in the head and neck regions were included in the study. Sputum/pus of patients were sent for cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT). Hearing assessment was done with PTA1 at the start of the treatment, PTA2 after the intensive phase (IP) at 2 months for newly diagnosed patients and at 3 months for previously treated patients, and PTA3 at the end of the AKT treatment given as per guidelines. Results Among 200 ENT tuberculosis patients, 176 patients were cured with a new case regimen, and one patient was a defaulter. Among 19 patients who were previously treated cases (CAT II regimen), two patients had treatment failure, and the other 17 patients were cured. Four patients diagnosed to have multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) on the initial drug susceptibility testing (DST) were given 24 months’ treatment according to the recent guidelines of MDR-TB treatment regimen, and the patients were cured. In the present study of 200 patients, in the first PTA, 192 patients had normal hearing; in the second PTA, 106 patients had normal hearing; and in the third PTA, 35 patients had normal hearing. 21.7% of cases who were on aminoglycoside therapy developed significant sensorineural hearing loss in high frequency. Conclusion Anti-Koch’s treatment (AKT) has proven effective in ENT tuberculosis. All patients taking anti-Koch’s treatment should be regularly monitored for hearing loss, adherence to treatment, drug-resistant variants, and local recurrences.","PeriodicalId":321335,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135346907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stem cell therapy in sensorineural hearing loss: a systematic review","authors":"Ossama Mustafa Mady, Waleed Farag Ezzat, Anas Mohamed Askoura, Gamal Mohamed Gamal Elbadawy","doi":"10.1186/s43163-023-00452-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-023-00452-w","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Damage to the inner ear or cochlear nerve results in sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), which is typically persistent deafness. SNHL can range in severity from mild to profound. The shape of the audiogram is used to categorise it as high-frequency hearing loss, low-frequency, flat, peaked, or notched. Pure tone audiometry can be used to diagnose SNHL. Objective To summarise the recent updates in the usage of stem cells in sensory neural hearing loss (SNHL). Methods Published studies about using stem cell therapy in ENT practice through comprehensive PubMed, EKG, and Google Scholar search (from 2010 to 2022). Including studies in English, experimental studies, and studies that discuss the application of regenerative medicine in SNHL. Results Progenitor stem cells may be employed to repair damaged cells and restore sensorineural hearing function, according to 36 of the publications. The majority of these articles—about 90%—discussed animal model-based experimental investigations; the remaining 10% were clinical trials. Conclusion The application of stem cells in the treatment of SNHL will be a significant step in the future since it will change the way that patients are now treated in the hopes of regaining their hearing. The application to the clinical setting is still in its early stage, although a number of encouraging researches illustrate how progenitor stem cells differentiate into sensorineural cells.","PeriodicalId":321335,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135350786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of nasal outcomes after endoscopic removal of large midline skull base tumors with nasoseptal flap reconstruction","authors":"Anwar Abdelatty Ibrahim, Hazem Negm, Ahmad M. Hamdan","doi":"10.1186/s43163-023-00515-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-023-00515-y","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background There have been several reconstructive methods with free flaps or vascular pedicled flaps constituting a large portion of the rebuilding of the skull base. The vascularized pedicled nasoseptal flap, however, appears to be the “gold standard” flap in the restoration of the integrity of the cranial base among all of the foregoing alternatives. This study aimed to assess the postoperative outcomes of endoscopic removal of large midline skull base tumors with nasoseptal flap reconstruction in 21 patients. Patients were assessed at 1 week postoperative using Sinonasal Outcome Test 22 (SNOT 22) to assess postoperative nasal symptoms. An endoscopic assessment of the nose was done at 1 week postoperative to assess the degree of crusting and at 4 weeks postoperative to assess the degree of nasal adhesions and the presence or absence of gangrene of the nasoseptal flap. Postoperative complications were assessed. Results The study patients included 12 cases with pituitary macroadenoma, five cases with anterior cranial fossa meningioma, and four cases with petroclival chordoma. The skull base defect size ranged from 2.5 to 4.5 cm. The most troublesome postoperative symptoms were decreased sense of smell/taste. Postoperatively, 10 patients had mild, 7 patients had moderate, and 4 patients had severe nasal crusting. Three cases had epistaxis and two cases had postoperative cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea. Ten cases had no nasal adhesions, four cases had mild, four cases had moderate, and three cases had severe nasal adhesions. No cases had gangrene of the nasoseptal flap. Conclusion The nasoseptal flap is an effective option for large skull base defect reconstruction after endoscopic resection of large skull base tumors with an acceptable postoperative patient quality of life and a low incidence of postoperative complications.","PeriodicalId":321335,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134975829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of cognitive function in children with temporal lobe epilepsy using mismatch negativity","authors":"Hossam Sanyelbhaa Talaat, Asmaa Salah Moaty, Sameh A. Abd El Naby, Hadeer M. Elgammal, Ahmed Mahmoud Zein-Elabedein","doi":"10.1186/s43163-023-00512-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-023-00512-1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives This study aimed to assess cognitive function in children with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) using mismatch negativity (MMN) potentials. Background Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a neurological condition that causes cognitive and behavioral problems. These complications were found to be affected by many factors including underlying neuropathology, age of onset, psychological issues, and therapeutic side effects that exacerbate pathophysiology of the condition. Subject and method In this case–control study, 44 children were involved and were divided into two groups: the study group involved 22 children with TLE, while the control group involved 22 normal children. Pure-tone audiometry, immittancemetry, and measurement of mismatch negativity (MMN) test were done for all subjects in this study. Results Latency of MMN was significantly increased, while the amplitude was significantly decreased in the study group compared to the control group. Abnormal MMN test was obtained in TLE patients. Conclusion Prolonged MMN latencies and decreased amplitudes in patients indicate impaired cognitive function in children with TLE compared with controls.","PeriodicalId":321335,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"303 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135590690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probable impact of environmental radiation on thyroid swellings in areas of Eastern Hyderabad and Nalgonda","authors":"Namit Kant Singh, Neemu Hage, Shailaja Prabhala, Balaji Ramamourthy, Sushmitha Nagaraju, Krishna Medha Kappagantu","doi":"10.1186/s43163-023-00508-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-023-00508-x","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Thyroid swellings are prevalent in 4 to 7% of the Indian population and are commonly present in females. Thyroid swelling has been attributed to various causes, such as ingestion of goitrogens and low iodine in the diet in benign, radiation exposure, and genetic in malignancies. Eastern Hyderabad and Nalgonda have a high fluoride content in the ground water, which can potentially disrupt thyroid functioning. Moreover, the region also harbors high uranium content and environmental radiation; hence, a retrospective analysis of the FNAC and histopathology of the thyroid swellings was done to evaluate the paradigm. Method A retrospective analysis of the patient’s records from February 1, 2022, to January 31, 2023, was conducted considering all the patients who presented with thyroid swelling. The variables taken into consideration were age, gender, and FNAC findings. A correlation was also made with the histopathology of the specimen of operated patients. Result A total of 88 medical records of the patients were evaluated, and it was determined that there was a preponderance of females with a ratio of 8.77:1. Majority of the swellings were Benign labeled as Bethesda category 2 ( n = 61) followed by category 3 ( n = 11). To be considered are the cases of malignancies falling into category 6, which comprise 7.95% ( n = 7). The majority of the patients were seen between the ages of 31 to 40 ( n = 28), followed by 41 to 50 ( n = 25). On comparing with the histopathological reports, two cases of category 5 were found to be having papillary thyroid carcinoma and another with follicular thyroid carcinoma making the number of proven malignancies to be 10.22% ( n = 9). Other histopathological findings correlated with the results of FNAC. Conclusion Through this pilot study, we conclude that most thyroid swellings were benign, but there is a higher incidence of thyroid malignancies (10.22%), significantly higher than the country average of 2 to 4%. The higher number of malignant cases can be attributed to many factors, including high fluoride content and environmental radiation. Further studies need to be conducted, taking each element individually.","PeriodicalId":321335,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135537254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a smartphone-based Turkish digits in noise test","authors":"Ümit Can Çetinkaya, Özlem Konukseven","doi":"10.1186/s43163-023-00511-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-023-00511-2","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Pure-tone audiometry is the traditional gold standard for assessment and screening of hearing impairment, but it requires the use of calibrated devices and soundproof booth. Mobile apps can offer a good alternative to traditional methods in limited circumstances and in some emergency situations, especially when traditional methods are not available. The aim of the study was to develop an easily accessible mobile-based Turkish Digit in Noise Test screening test for the assessment of hearing. Methods The digits were read by a male speaker whose native language is Turkish. A mobile application was developed in accordance with the Android operating system. Twenty-five individuals with normal hearing, 25 individuals with bilateral mild sensorineural hearing loss, 25 with bilateral mild mixed hearing loss, and 25 with bilateral mild conductive hearing loss total of 100 participated in the study. All participants were between the ages of 18–60. The Turkish Digit in Noise Test mobile application was applied to the participants and the test scores were compared among the types of hearing loss. Results The Turkish Digit in Noise Test scores of participants with bilateral mild sensorineural hearing loss (19.4 ± 5.39) and mixed hearing loss (22.96 ± 4.52) were lower than those of participants with normal hearing (39.68 ± 6.82) ( p < .01). In addition, the results of participants with bilateral mild sensorineural hearing loss (19.4 ± 5.39) and mixed hearing loss (22.96 ± 4.52) were lower than those of participants with conductive hearing loss (36.88 ± 6.31) ( p < .01). Conclusion An easy and accessible Turkish Digit in Noise Test mobile application has been developed using which one can assess his/her hearing.","PeriodicalId":321335,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135536890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Otoacoustic emission measurements: a test–retest reliability study","authors":"Ayşenur Aykul Yağcıoğlu, Burak Öztürk","doi":"10.1186/s43163-023-00513-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-023-00513-0","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) are an important part of the audiological test battery and have many clinical uses. This study aims to determine the amplitude changes in the test–retest condition of distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) and transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs), which are widely used in clinical settings. Design DPOAE and TEOAE measurements were taken in 110 ears of 55 adults aged 18–35 years with normal hearing during three sessions. The repeatability of the measurements was evaluated by very short-term measurements taken 20 min after the first measurement and by short-term measurements taken 20 days after the first measurement. Results There was no statistically significant difference between the three measurements in which DPOAE and TEOAE amplitudes were evaluated. The weakest reliability for TEOAEs was determined at frequencies of 1.0 kHz and 1.5 kHz, and the weakest reliability for DPOAEs was determined at 6728 Hz. Conclusions The current findings indicate that DPOAE and TEOAE measurements are reliable for monitoring cochlear function over time. The data obtained from this study could help clinicians correctly interpret OAE changes and distinguish between physiological and pathological changes.","PeriodicalId":321335,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135537637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasal columella reconstruction using philtrum advancement flap: a case report of treatment of nasal stenosis","authors":"Auwal Adamu, Abdullahi Musa Kirfi, Nurudeen Adebola Shofoluwe, Iliyasu Yunusa Shuaibu, Onyekwere George B. Nwaorgu","doi":"10.1186/s43163-023-00510-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-023-00510-3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Nasal columella reconstruction is a challenging procedure, and the main goal is to maintain function as well as a satisfactory aesthetic outcome. Several surgical techniques have been described for the reconstruction of nasal columella. However, there is a paucity of literature on these techniques in our environment, and the use of superiorly based philtrum advancement flaps is extremely rare in African literature. Case presentation A 60-year-old man presented with nasal obstruction and nasal deformity following facial trauma 6 months prior to presentation. Examination revealed bilateral stenosed nasal cavities and a very short columella with a healed nasal scar. The diagnosis of nasal stenosis was made. Intra-operatively, a superiorly based philtrum advancement flap was designed and elevated, granulation tissues in the nasal cavities were excised, the septum was repositioned, the base of the flap was sutured at the midline of the floor of the nose, and the donor site was approximated. A bilateral nasal stent was applied for 4 weeks. Postoperatively, the recipient and donor sites healed completely with an aesthetically acceptable appearance, and the patient was satisfied with the outcome. Conclusion Nasal columellar reconstruction is a complex procedure. The superiorly based philtrum advancement flap is a simple and aesthetically acceptable method of treating nasal stenosis. This method demonstrated an adequate nasal airway and a good cosmetic appearance.","PeriodicalId":321335,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135863596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The subjective and objective outcomes of endoscopic sinus surgery for nasal polyposis using microdebrider versus conventional instruments: a randomized controlled trial","authors":"Ahmad Aboul Wafa Abdoul Jaleel, Esam Ali Abo El Magd, Abd El Rahman Ahmed El Tahan, Engy Nagy Henry","doi":"10.1186/s43163-023-00514-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-023-00514-z","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Since the evolution of the microdebrider technology and its modulations to be suitable for rhinology, many attempts were carried out to replace the conventional instruments with microdebrider especially in cases of nasal polyposis. Also, many studies were conducted to compare the efficacy of both tools in functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Those studies focused on objective outcomes as the duration of surgery and the amount of blood loss. Aim of the study Comparing the efficacy of microdebrider in cases of resistant chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis to conventional instruments. Analysis of subjective outcomes is mainly the quality of life of our patients, and not neglecting the objective outcomes but analyzing them thoroughly. Method This is a randomized controlled clinical trial, conducted on 100 patients which were diagnosed to have resistant chronic rhinosinusitis with polyposis. We used the microdebrider in functional endoscopic sinus surgery for 50 patients and conventional instruments for the other 50 cases. We compared the operative time, amount of blood loss, and postoperative improvement of quality of life , the presence of adhesions, crustations, and complications, or recurrence of nasal polyposis in both groups. Results We found significant differences in favor of microdebrider mainly in the duration of surgery and the amount of blood loss. Patient satisfaction was better in the microdebrider group, especially in the short-term follow-up, while the postoperative clinical scores were better in the long run. Conclusion Using the microdebrider in dealing with nasal polyposis is much preferable to conventional instruments. For patients, they feel much better in a shorter duration postoperatively. For surgeons, the manipulations are easier, and the operative field is bloodless and clear.","PeriodicalId":321335,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135864523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}