Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Commentary on “HDL-C/LDL-C Ratio and All-Cause Mortality in Populations at High CVD Risk: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study”","authors":"Naghmeh Ziaie, Mohammad Barary, Soheil Bakhshinasab, Romina Hamzehpour, Soheil Ebrahimpour","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cdt3.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lin and colleagues leveraged the 32,609-participant Fu-CARE cohort to report a U-shaped association between the high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol/low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C/LDL-C) ratio and all-cause mortality, with the lowest risk at 0.30–0.50 [<span>1</span>]. Their large sample and sex-specific restricted-cubic-spline modeling deserve praise, but several methodological issues temper causal inference and translational value.</p><p><i>Short follow-up and event scarcity:</i> Median follow-up was 3.4 years (approx. 1100 deaths, 3.4% of the cohort). Cardiovascular epidemiology standards recommend ≥10 years to capture sufficient outcome variability and reduce reverse-causation from subclinical disease or frailty-related lipid changes [<span>2</span>]. Extending surveillance or performing landmark analyses that exclude deaths within the first 2 years could test the robustness of the U-shaped curve.</p><p><i>Single baseline lipid measurement:</i> HDL-C and LDL-C vary with diet, medication, and intercurrent illness. Repeated measures or time-updated covariates would mitigate regression-dilution bias and clarify whether extreme ratio categories represent chronic dyslipidemia or transient fluctuations [<span>3</span>].</p><p><i>Residual confounding:</i> Models adjusted for traditional factors but omitted socioeconomic status, alcohol quantity, dietary pattern, kidney function, inflammatory markers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio), and medication classes (statins, SGLT-2 inhibitors, corticosteroids). Each independently influences both lipids and mortality [<span>4-6</span>]. Multiple-imputation and inverse-probability-weighted models incorporating these variables could diminish bias.</p><p><i>Data-driven categorization and lack of external validation:</i> Cut points (0.30 and 0.50) were derived from the same spline used to test association, risking overfitting. Internal bootstrap optimism-corrected C-statistics, or, ideally, application to an external cohort such as CHARLS or UK Biobank, would gauge generalizability [<span>7</span>].</p><p><i>Limited clinical utility metrics:</i> The authors reported hazard ratios but did not evaluate whether the ratio adds discrimination or net reclassification beyond LDL-C, HDL-C, and established risk scores (e.g., China-PAR). Decision-curve analysis could determine whether measuring HDL-C/LDL-C meaningfully improves risk stratification versus guideline-directed lipid panels [<span>8</span>].</p><p><i>Diabetes-specific findings require caution:</i> The null association in participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may reflect inadequate power (T2DM subgroup deaths, <i>n</i> = 250) or differential statin intensity. Stratified analyses by baseline lipid-lowering therapy and glycemic control (hemoglobin A1c) would clarify effect modification [<span>9</span>].</p><p>In summary, the Fu-CARE data hint that maintaining an HDL-C/LDL-C ratio between 0.30 and 0.50 ","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"11 4","pages":"320-321"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cdt3.70019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145652771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tislelizumab: Structural Innovations and Expanding Clinical Horizons in Next-Generation PD-1 Immunotherapy","authors":"Thy T. Nguyen,&nbsp;Bohan Zhang,&nbsp;Luke Zhong,&nbsp;Xiuyi Liang,&nbsp;Letao Bo","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.70017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cdt3.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tislelizumab is a next-generation PD-1 monoclonal antibody developed to overcome the limitations of earlier immune checkpoint inhibitors. By eliminating Fcγ receptor binding, it avoids macrophage-mediated T-cell clearance and enhances the antitumor immune response. Unlike conventional PD-1 inhibitors, tislelizumab binds to PD-1 in a way that more closely mimics the natural PD-L1 interaction, potentially improving efficacy and reducing immune-related toxicity. This review highlights its structural advantages, clinical efficacy across multiple cancers, and recent global regulatory approvals. We also discuss key pharmacokinetic features and current challenges, including the need for predictive biomarkers, immune-related adverse events, and combination therapy strategies. Together, these insights may guide the more effective and safer use of tislelizumab in cancer immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"11 3","pages":"173-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cdt3.70017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145038003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing Diabetes One Step at a Time in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: The Promise of Wearable Devices","authors":"Safayet Jamil,&nbsp;Masoud Mohammadnezhad,&nbsp;Abdulrakib Abdulrahim,&nbsp;Faisal Muhammad,&nbsp;Hafiz T. A. Khan","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cdt3.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The global burden of diabetes mellitus disproportionately affects low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where limited healthcare infrastructure hampers timely and effective disease management. Wearable technologies, such as continuous glucose monitors (CGMs), insulin pumps, and fitness trackers, offer a transformative opportunity to bridge care gaps by enabling real-time monitoring, personalized feedback, and improved glycemic control. Evidence shows how wearables enhance patient engagement, support clinical decision-making, and reduce complications. However, significant barriers such as cost, digital illiteracy, poor system integration, and data privacy concerns impede widespread adoption in LMICs. Case studies from Ghana, China, and Ethiopia illustrate these devices' potential and challenges in resource-limited settings. Policy interventions, such as public-private partnerships, subsidies, simplified interfaces, and digital literacy programs, are essential to overcome these obstacles. Furthermore, integrating wearable data into national health systems and leveraging artificial intelligence can improve individualized care and long-term outcomes. As mobile phone use increases in LMICs, coupling wearables with mHealth platforms could further empower self-management. With targeted investments and regulatory support, wearable technologies can be pivotal in advancing equitable, proactive, and data-driven diabetes care across underserved populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"11 4","pages":"279-283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cdt3.70018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145652746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Chronic Body Pain and Depression Among Middle-Aged and Elderly People in China: A Longitudinal Population-Based Study From CHARLS","authors":"Jiaying Wang,&nbsp;Kai Wang,&nbsp;Qingxia Gao,&nbsp;Wenchang Xu,&nbsp;Gongchang Yu,&nbsp;Bin Shi","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cdt3.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"11 3","pages":"232-236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cdt3.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145038575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HDL-C/LDL-C Ratio and All-Cause Mortality in Populations at High CVD Risk: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study","authors":"Biting Lin,&nbsp;Yunzhi Ling,&nbsp;Gengyu Zhou,&nbsp;Ziqing Ruan,&nbsp;Fan Chen,&nbsp;Simiao Chen,&nbsp;Tingting Weng,&nbsp;Yuanfan Zhu,&nbsp;Jingyi Lin,&nbsp;Ling Yu,&nbsp;Kaiyang Lin","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cdt3.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The ratio of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) predicts cardiovascular disease (CVD) endpoints, yet its prognostic validity in high-risk populations and for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-related adverse events remains unestablished.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study included 32,609 people aged 35–75 years in Fujian Province, China, who were at high risk for CVD. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality during follow-up. Cox proportional hazard models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were used to evaluate the correlation between the HDL-C/LDL-C ratio and the endpoints.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Result</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>On the basis of the restricted RCS curve, the participants were classified as having a low (&lt; 0.3), middle (0.3–0.5), or high (&gt; 0.5) HDL-C/LDL-C ratio. Multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed that the risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 1.48, 95% CI 1.14–1.93, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01 for low; HR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.06–1.58, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05 for high) was increased in the low and high groups. Participants without T2DM who were at high risk for CVD had similar prognoses (HR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.19–2.28, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01 for low; HR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.05–1.74, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01 for high). However, this association was not found in participants with T2DM who were at high risk for CVD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>HDL-C/LDL-C can be used to predict the prognosis of individuals at high risk for CVD, and maintaining HDL-C/LDL-C ratios between 0.3 and 0.5 may be the most helpful range for this population. Furthermore, maintaining this ratio range holds clinical significance for cohorts without T2DM, although further exploration is needed in this T2DM cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"11 3","pages":"213-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cdt3.70013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145038368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal Cohort Study of Metabolomic Markers Associated With Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Korean Adults","authors":"Md. Kamruzzaman,&nbsp;Catherine Apio,&nbsp;Md. Mozaffar Hosain,&nbsp;Min Kyong Moon,&nbsp;Geum-Sook Hwang,&nbsp;Eunyong Ahn,&nbsp;Taesung Park","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cdt3.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"11 3","pages":"224-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cdt3.70014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145038405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Vitamin D in Diabetes Ketosis and Ketoacidosis","authors":"Cui Zhang,&nbsp;Jia Liu,&nbsp;Sumita Cholekho,&nbsp;Qin Pei,&nbsp;Huiwen Tan","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cdt3.70015","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder, and diabetes ketosis (DK) is a significant acute complication. Individuals with type 1 DM (T1DM) are inherently at risk for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Individuals with T2DM may develop DK under certain conditions, including infection, interruption of insulin therapy, stress, or excessive alcohol consumption. Recent studies have indicated that vitamin D supplementation reduces the risk of progression from prediabetes to T2DM and that it may also be involved in the prevention of diabetes complications. Yet most previous research has been observational correlations rather than interventional trials.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The relationship between metabolic, cardiovascular, and autoimmune diseases and 25[OH]D levels has been explored in several studies. A retrospective study conducted in Morocco examined 200 pediatric patients (aged 1–18 years) with T1DM during 2019 and 2023. The results suggested a possible link between vitamin D and the risk of developing DKA. Specifically, patients with DKA had lower levels of 25[OH]D compared to those without DKA at the onset of T1DM. Furthermore, more severe acidosis was associated with lower concentrations of 25[OH]D [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. Vitamin D levels also appear to be associated with ketosis episodes in individuals with ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes (KPT2D). In these patients, serum 25[OH]D has been found to be an independent factor that helps prevent bouts of ketosis episodes [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. These findings suggest that vitamin D deficiency may predispose patients to a greater risk of metabolic decompensation in both T1DM and T2DM settings.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Vitamin D supplementation combined with lifestyle changes has been recommended to those with a high risk of DM as a means of diabetes risk reduction and improvement of impaired glucose regulation (IGR). However, its effects seem to be more marked in nonobese individuals, and evidence that this also applies to obese populations remains limited [&lt;span&gt;3, 4&lt;/span&gt;]. Notably, pediatric studies demonstrate compelling associations between vitamin D status and diabetes management. A 3-month intervention with vitamin D in pediatrics diagnosed with T1DM and vitamin D deficiency reduced HbA1c levels, underscoring its potential role in glycemic optimization [&lt;span&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;]. Another prospective study, which included 90 patients with uncontrollable T1DM and vitamin D deficiency at the Specialized Center for Endocrinology and Diabetes in Baghdad, Iraq, showed a high frequency of vitamin D deficiency, closely related to poor glycemic control [&lt;span&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;]. Studies in children have shown that pediatrics with DKA tend to have lower median 25[OH]D levels than those without DKA. This supports the recommendation to include vitamin D supplements in managing T1DM and acute diabetes crises [&lt;span&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;]. Preclinical validation emerges from diabetic Wistar rat models, where vitamin D supplementation attenuated fasting hypergly","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"11 3","pages":"237-238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cdt3.70015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guide for Authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cdt3.70012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"11 2","pages":"162-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cdt3.70012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144220415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Association of Cannabis With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and COVID-19 Infection”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cdt3.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<p>S. Lehrer and P. H. Rheinstein, “Association of Cannabis With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and COVID-19 Infection,” <i>Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine</i> 8 (2022): 238–241, https://doi.org/10.1002/cdt3.38.</p><p>The original article included a Conflict of Interest statement which stated: “The authors declare no conflicts of interest.” The journal and the publisher have determined that a conflict of interest on behalf of each author was not declared at publication. The journal and the publisher have had sufficient communication with the authors via email after raising questions about the Conflict of Interest in the article. The authors declared that there was no undeclared Conflict of Interest and further stated that their individual affiliations with commercial entities did not influence the research findings. Following further correspondence between the publisher and the authors, all parties have agreed to include the following Conflicts of Interest statement with the published article.</p><p><b>Conflicts of Interest</b></p><p>Steven Lehrer serves in a scientific advisory capacity with Fermata Pharma, Inc. Peter H. Rheinstein is President of Severn Health Solutions. The scientific content was developed without influence from Fermata Pharma Inc. or Severn Health Solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cdt3.70010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145652612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Shingles Vaccination Reduces the Risk of Parkinson's Disease”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cdt3.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<p>S. Lehrer and P. H. Rheinstein, “Shingles Vaccination Reduces the Risk of Parkinson's Disease,” <i>Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine</i> 9 (2023): 54−57, https://doi.org/10.1002/cdt3.50.</p><p>The original article included a Conflict of Interest statement which stated: “The authors declare no conflicts of interest.” The journal and the publisher have determined that a conflict of interest on behalf of each author was not declared at publication. The journal and the publisher have had sufficient communication with the authors via email after raising questions about the Conflict of Interest in the article. The authors declared that there was no undeclared Conflict of Interest and further stated that their individual affiliations with commercial entities did not influence the research findings. Following further correspondence between the publisher and the authors, all parties have agreed to include the following Conflicts of Interest statement with the published article.</p><p><b>Conflicts of Interest</b></p><p>Steven Lehrer serves in a scientific advisory capacity with Fermata Pharma, Inc. Peter H. Rheinstein is President of Severn Health Solutions. The scientific content was developed without influence from Fermata Pharma Inc. or Severn Health Solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cdt3.70009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145038096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}