{"title":"A brief history of RT-PCR and our laboratory experience with SARS-CoV-2 analyses using RT-PCR","authors":"N. Alayunt","doi":"10.29238/teknolabjournal.v11i1.337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29238/teknolabjournal.v11i1.337","url":null,"abstract":"Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is in vitro replication that allows accelerated amplification of certain sequences in small DNA fragments. A sensitive technique, only traces of DNA are needed for PCR to produce enough copies to be analyzed. In molecular diagnostic laboratories, rRT-PCR technique is applied to find target RNAs for the diagnosis of specific pathogens. Although the rRT-PCR method, which has high specificity and moderate sensitivity, is accepted by WHO as the gold standard test for the confirmation of COVID-19, there are many negative comments about this method that should be considered. While diagnosing SARS-CoV-2, it is possible to say that real-time PCR (RT-PCR) analysis is still valid but not sufficient to quickly distinguish similar infections. For this reason, there is a need for new analysis methods and new RT-PCR studies to be performed with newly developed unique rapid tests.","PeriodicalId":31934,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41438517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. I. Umar, I. Duru, U. E. Enenebeaku, Lynda C. Ngozi – Olehi, C. Enyoh, C. Duru
{"title":"Inhibitory potentials of ivermectin, nafamostat, and camostat on spike protein and some nonstructural proteins of SARS-CoV-2: Virtual screening approach","authors":"H. I. Umar, I. Duru, U. E. Enenebeaku, Lynda C. Ngozi – Olehi, C. Enyoh, C. Duru","doi":"10.29238/teknolabjournal.v11i1.344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29238/teknolabjournal.v11i1.344","url":null,"abstract":"The search for potent oral drugs either through synthetic routes or by drug repurposing for combating the dreaded covid-19 virus is still ongoing. The coronavirus spike glycoprotein and several other non-structural proteins play crucial roles in the replication and transmission of this virus. Recent research have identified ivermectin, nafamostat, and camostat as promising drug inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 target proteins. The broad-spectrum inhibitory action of ivermectin, nafamostat, and camostat on the spike glycoprotein and some non-structural proteins of this virus was studied in silico. The spike glycoprotein, nsp3, nsp5, nsp9, nsp10, nsp13, and nsp16 were selected for this study and were downloaded from the protein data bank. Flexible docking procedure implemented in Auto Dock Vina module was deployed for the docking procedure of the drugs with the protein receptors. Although ivermectin had the best inhibitory action on the viral spike protein and nsp10, nafamostat was identified as the compound with the best broad-spectrum activity on this virus, having the highest binding affinity values of – 9.4kcal/mol, – 7.9 Kcal/mol, – 6.1 Kcal/mol, – 8.0 Kcal/mol, and – 8.7 Kcal/mol for nsp3, nsp5, nsp9, nsp13, and nsp16 respectively. This drug, in combination with ivermectin could therefore be explored further as potential compounds that could be modified to curb the menace of the covid-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":31934,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49669467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimization of DCR1 and DCR2 epigenetic annealing temperatures for breast cancer biomarker using in-silico and in-vitro study","authors":"A. Kartika","doi":"10.29238/teknolabjournal.v11i1.327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29238/teknolabjournal.v11i1.327","url":null,"abstract":"The epigenetics of methylated and unmethylated DCR1 and DCR2 (decoy receptors 1 and 2) are genes encoding membrane receptors that can bind to TRAIL causing TRAIL inhibition in the apoptotic pathway. Epigenetic detection of DCR1 and DCR2 was developed as a biomarker of breast cancer. One of the detection methods is using PCR. The most important step in the PCR process is the determination of the annealing temperature. This research performs Tm analysis using the insilico program from Neb, insilico, Thermofisher, and Promega and in vitro optimization. Methylated DCR1 can be amplified at annealing temperatures of 51.4°C, 52.4°C, 53.6°C, 54.7°C measuring about 600bp according to Tm analysis of insilico and promega. DCR1 could also be amplified at annealing temperatures of 50,1, 49, and 48.8 but the primers were also amplified at non-specific sites. Methylated DCR2 could be amplified at annealing temperatures of 48.8°C, 49°C and 50.1°C and a specific size of about 500 bp according to the Tm analysis of promega. Unmethylated DCR1 and DCR2 genes could not be amplified at the annealing temperature which were analyzed using Neb, insilico, promega, and thermofisher.","PeriodicalId":31934,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42788551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A phylogenetic analysis of Indonesian SARS-CoV-2 isolates from March to December 2020: Compared with Delta and Mu variant","authors":"A. Ansori, Y. Antonius","doi":"10.29238/teknolabjournal.v11i1.297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29238/teknolabjournal.v11i1.297","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia's economy and global health is endangered due to the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. Our present study aims to examine the phylogenetic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 isolates in Indonesia and compare these isolates to other Southeast Asian countries. In the present study, we retrieved 105 isolates from GISAID EpiCoV and other isolates from GenBank, NCBI. Then, we extracted the full genome and focused on the spike (S) protein gene (3882 bp). We employed Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA X) software to construct a phylogenetic analysis using the maximum likelihood approach. Here, we demonstrated and revealed the relationship between Indonesian and other Southeast Asian SARS-CoV-2 isolates. In summary, our work presents the phylogenetic analysis of 105 isolates in Indonesia. Our study assists in monitoring the deployment of the disease spreading. Furthermore, we suggest that the genomics and epidemiological surveillance investigations on COVID-19 should be enhanced, especially in Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":31934,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48845982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antibacterial activities of bacteria associated with marine sponges of Axinella sp. on Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii (CRAB)","authors":"M. E. Prastiyanto, W. Setyowati, Dian Retnowati","doi":"10.29238/teknolabjournal.v11i1.325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29238/teknolabjournal.v11i1.325","url":null,"abstract":"Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) is a gram-negative bacillus that commonly causes nosocomial infection found in Indonesia. CRAB infection caused by Acinetobacter baumannii that is resistant to Carbapenem. Resistance occurred because bacteria that cause infections easily treated with antibiotics become difficult to treat due to the uncontrolled use of antibiotics. A. baumannii has been resistant against the carbapenem class of antibiotics; and therefore, antibiotics are required to be obtained from natural ingredients with optimal working power, such as from the marine sponges of Axinella sp. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activities of bacteria associated with marine sponges of Axinella sp. against CRAB. Bacteria associated with Axinella sp. were isolated by differential dilution and cultures on Zobell 2216E media. An antibacterial activity test was performed using the overlay method. The antibacterial activity test was carried out to determine the presence of inhibition zones. The test results showed the bacteria associated with a marine sponge of Axinella sp strain 3 KD had antibacterial activity against CRAB growth with the formation of an inhibition zone of 16 mm. The results of the catalase test and oxidase test depicted that the isolates belong to the family of Staphylococcaceae. Isolates bacteria associated with a marine sponge of Axinella sp. were potential antibacterial agents against CRAB growth.","PeriodicalId":31934,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44515504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Egita Windrianatama Puspa, Heribertus Agustinus B.Tena, Fery Setiawan, M. Ruth, A. Yudianto
{"title":"Analysis of time exposure to DNA touch quality on face shield using STR CODIS – TH01 and D18S51","authors":"Egita Windrianatama Puspa, Heribertus Agustinus B.Tena, Fery Setiawan, M. Ruth, A. Yudianto","doi":"10.29238/teknolabjournal.v10i2.287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29238/teknolabjournal.v10i2.287","url":null,"abstract":"A number of countries, including Indonesia, have taken preventive measures and made efforts to break the chain of the spread of COVID-19. The impact of government policies is felt in the economic sector, which causes many people to lose their jobs but is required to meet the needs of daily life. This affects the increase in crime rates during the pandemic, which coincides with the government's policy to implement health protocols by using face shields outside the home. This allows the discovery of evidence in the form of a face shield to be identified through DNA touch. This type of research is experimental analytic with a time-series design. This study aims to analyze the effect of exposure to the environmental temperature range of 28.2 oC - 29.3 oC and humidity range of 88 - 94.2% on the quality of DNA touch on the face shield by giving the 1st, 7th, and 14th-day duration treatment using STR CODIS. TH01 and D18S5. The result is an effect of prolonged exposure time on DNA quality, as evidenced by the Anova test with p < 0.05.","PeriodicalId":31934,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48740096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ketrina Konoralma, J. Sumampouw, D. Sukandar, Sabrima PM Pinontoan, Samuel Tambuwun, Dionysius Sumenge
{"title":"The need for purine examination on fisherman","authors":"Ketrina Konoralma, J. Sumampouw, D. Sukandar, Sabrima PM Pinontoan, Samuel Tambuwun, Dionysius Sumenge","doi":"10.29238/teknolabjournal.v10i2.321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29238/teknolabjournal.v10i2.321","url":null,"abstract":"The need for purine check on Fisherman is important because when the fisherman excess consuming highly purine contained in the food in a long rime periode will cause purine metabolism disorder and can lead to purine deposition in joint tissue and sorouding, and finally will become gout arthritis. The uncontrolled of Gout Arthritis will lead to kidney stone, kidney function impaired, and end with kidney failure. Research aims was to analyzes purine effect toward body metabolism functions. Research types using is analytic research with design one sample group to analyzes purine effect toward body metabolism functions on fishermans in Tafure of North Ternate of Moluccas. Population is whole member fishermans groups in Tafure sub district with sex men as amount 55 peoples. Data analyzes use one samples t-Test, research results precentage in the form frequency distribution table with explaining and narration. Research results showed that respondents characteristic most of the attain the age of 26-45 years as much as 29 respondents (53%), had been BMI normal category as amount 46 respondents (84%). Uric acid levels normal is 32 respondents (60%), abnormal as amount 23 repondents (40%), and food consumption habitually high purine. Statistic test results using one samples t-Test showed that age mean 44.49+Std.D 11.460 p0.000<p0.05, BMI mean 22.62_Std.D 2.468 p0.000<p0.05 and uric acid levels mean 6.69+Std.D 1.275 p0.000<p0.05. That’s mean there is influencing between aged and BMI with increasing uric acid levels that food consumption high purine influencing uric acid levels on fishermans in sub district Tafure North Ternate District.","PeriodicalId":31934,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42423127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhamad Agil, M. E. Prastiyanto, Lulu’ Septiana Dewi, S. Suhartini, S. S. Dewi
{"title":"Antituberculosis agents of Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus acidilactici Lactic Acid Bacteria in Breast milk isolates against Mycobacterium tuberculosis","authors":"Muhamad Agil, M. E. Prastiyanto, Lulu’ Septiana Dewi, S. Suhartini, S. S. Dewi","doi":"10.29238/teknolabjournal.v10i2.323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29238/teknolabjournal.v10i2.323","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the infectious diseases that have become a major problem in Indonesia. This disease is caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria. The bacteria are commonly treated with antibiotics. However, the use of irrelevant antibiotics is the most influential factor of antibiotic resistance. Therefore, natural ingredients are required as novel antibiotic agents, some of which are sourced from lactic acid bacteria. This study aims at investigating the antituberculosis activities of Pediococcus acidilactici and Lactobacillus plantarum isolated from breast milk against M. tuberculosis. Pediococcus acidilactici and Lactobacillus plantarum breast milk isolates were rejuvenated with MRS (De Man, Rogosa and Sharpe) broth media, and the supernatant was then neutralized to pH 7.0 using a pH meter by adding 1N NaOH solution. Antituberculosis activity test was performed with Lowensten Jensen media to investigate the growth of M. tuberculosis. The results of this study showed that Pediococcus acidilactici had antituberculosis activity at 48 hours at concentrations of 80% and 90%, while the secondary metabolites of L. plantarum had antituberculosis activity at 24 hours and 48 hours at concentrations of 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%. Therefore, this study concludes that P. acidilactici and L. plantarum bacteria have the potential to be developed as antituberculosis agents.","PeriodicalId":31934,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41327703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Devi Ardila, A. N. Nasution, Fiska Maya Wardhani, Refi Ikhtiari
{"title":"Anti Depression Potential of Papaya Seed Extracts in Wistar Rat Models","authors":"Devi Ardila, A. N. Nasution, Fiska Maya Wardhani, Refi Ikhtiari","doi":"10.29238/teknolabjournal.v10i2.316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29238/teknolabjournal.v10i2.316","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential of papaya seed extract as an antidepressant based on body weight, glucose levels, Interleukin-6, and malondialdehyde levels in treated rats. Force swimming and tail suspension tests have been conducted to measure acute stress and evaluate response behavior. Results showed that the higher concentration of papaya seed extract correlates to higher effectivity on reducing body weight and lowering glucose levels. Dose-response relationships were also observed on the inhibition effect of interleukin-6 and malondialdehyde more effective at higher extract concentrations. The experimental force swimming test and tail suspension test showed the positive effect of extract administration indicated by the shorter immobilization time. Gas chromatography analysis has confirmed the bioactive content in the extract. The main compounds such as; 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-methyl ester, Benzyl nitrile, Hexadecanoic acid- methyl ester, and other saponins might be responsible for the antidepressant effects of papaya seed extract. This research encourages further studies on pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and biomolecules analysis at cellular levels.","PeriodicalId":31934,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47654234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Decreasing the SGPT level of male wistar rats induced by gentamicin with purslane ethanol extract","authors":"Ragil Saptaningtyas, Toeti Rahajoe, Fitri Nuroini","doi":"10.29238/teknolabjournal.v10i2.307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29238/teknolabjournal.v10i2.307","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotics from the aminoglycoside group, such as gentamicin, are frequently used for the infection therapy of gram-negative bacteria including Salmonella typhi. Some studies show that gentamicin can cause hepatotoxicity and increase the level of SGPT (serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase). The purpose of this research is to figure out the decreasing SGPT level of male Wistar rats induced by gentamicin with the purslane ethanol extract. This research employed a post-test only control group design, utilizing 25 male Wistar rats divided into 5 groups. The normal control group (NorG) was without any treatment, while the positive control (PG) was intraperitoneally injected with gentamicin 60 mg/kg of rat body weight. The treatment groups consisted of P1, P2, and P3 were intraperitoneally injected with gentamicin at the dosage of 60 mg/kg of rat body weight for 7 days and then administered with purslane ethanol extract respectively at the dosage of 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg of rat body weight per oral for 7 days. The analysis on the SGPT level was conducted with the IFCC modification method using chemistry analyzer. One way ANOVA test shows that there were significant differences in SGPT levels among groups. LSD post hoc test shows that purslane ethanol extract at the dosage of 400 mg/kg of rat body weight significantly decreased the SGPT level (p<0.05) when compared to the positive control group. The administration of common purslane ethanol extract at the dosage of 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg of rat body weight can decrease the SGPT level of male Wistar rats induced by gentamicin.","PeriodicalId":31934,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41401813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}