Ecocycles最新文献

{"title":"A mathematical approach to groundwater quality and pollution of Adyar sub-basin, Tamil Nadu, India","authors":"Y. R. M., Wilmart Clark U., S. Prasad","doi":"10.19040/ecocycles.v8i2.237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19040/ecocycles.v8i2.237","url":null,"abstract":"The quality of drinking water sources in the Adyar river sub-basin of northern Tamil Nadu is assessed in this study. This research uses a combined water quality index (WQI) and pollution index (PI) to assess and characterise groundwater quality. Water samples will be collected from nine locations in the study area for the assessment. The water quality index was calculated based on Total Dissolved Substances (TDS), Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Chloride (Cl), Sulphate (SO4), Bicarbonate (HCO3), Fluoride (F), Power of Hydrogen (pH) and Electrical Conductivity (EC). These twelve parameters were analysed and characterised according to standard methods and the Indian standard, which were then used in calculating the water quality index. Groundwater quality and pollution status of the Adyar river basin were assessed using the Groundwater quality index and comprehensive pollution index for the years 1990, 2005, and 2020. A result reveals that the groundwater quality has decreased from 1990 to 2020. Around seven parameters exceeded the permissible limits in 1990, nine parameters exceeded the permissible limits in 2005, and around eight parameters exceeded the allowable limits in 2020. The pollution status of the groundwater has considerably reduced from 1990 to 2020. Eastern parts of the study area were highly polluted and had low groundwater quality.","PeriodicalId":31709,"journal":{"name":"Ecocycles","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68243913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetics of currant clearwing moth (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae)","authors":"G. Gyulai, R. Malone, G. Gyulai, Péter Lehoczky, Z. Tóth","doi":"10.19040/ecocycles.v8i2.247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19040/ecocycles.v8i2.247","url":null,"abstract":"A group of clearwing moths Sesiidae (Syn.: Aegeriidae) is analyzed here with special emphasis on genetics of currant clearwing moth (Synanthedon tipuliformis, CLERCK 1759). DNA sequences of the longest (1544 nt) available sequence of Sesiidae genes Co1 (cytochrome oxidase subunit-1 of mitochondrial DNA, mtDNA) (mtDNA; NCBI# AJ864359.1) were analyzed after In silico data mining, and dendrogram was edited to reveal molecular diversity and genetic distances among Sesiidae species. Batesian mimicry, sexual dimorphism, and genetics and genomics of Sesiidae are indicated.","PeriodicalId":31709,"journal":{"name":"Ecocycles","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68244523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Harvesting Memories Project: Historical ecology and landscape changes of the Sicani Mountains in Sicily","authors":"Angelo Castrorao Barba, Claudia Speciale, R. Miccichè, F. Pisciotta, Carla Aleo Nero, P. Marino, G. Bazan","doi":"10.19040/ecocycles.v8i1.219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19040/ecocycles.v8i1.219","url":null,"abstract":"The Harvesting Memories project aims to investigate the historical landscape dynamics in an inner area of the Sicani Mountains district in Western Sicily (Contrada Castro, Corleone-Palermo). The interdisciplinary approach of the project allowed us to combine and integrate methods from different disciplines such as historical ecology, landscape archaeology, archaeobotany and GIS-based spatial analysis. In this paper some results have been summarized. The comparison between land mosaic change during the last 60 years, the relationship between site catchment area and land suitability and the correlation between archaeobotanical and phytosociological data. This approach underlined the relevance of the historical ecology for understanding landscape trajectories and planning strategy of suitable development of rural areas.","PeriodicalId":31709,"journal":{"name":"Ecocycles","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68243560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards climate smart agriculture : How does innovation meet sustainability?","authors":"K. Takács-György, I. Takács","doi":"10.19040/ecocycles.v8i1.220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19040/ecocycles.v8i1.220","url":null,"abstract":"A sustainable future is our task. All participants of the economy – including the farmers, food industry, retailers, and consumers – must give appropriate answers to the changes that fit and serve the sustainable world. To inherit a livable world for the future, we need to find and adapt those farming activities, solutions, and technologies that are suitable for effective production, ensuring viability, and adapting to climate change, too. Questions of food safety, food traceability, environmental pollution, or the increasing food demand have been discussed from several aspects by agricultural economists. In this paper, we highlight the role of precision farming as an innovation in agriculture as a way of getting closer to Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA), and the role of innovation in agricultural development in the context of the paradigm of ‘de-growth’. The new values (Réévaluer – reappraise) suggest the intent of preserving nature, at least in the current condition. CSA (including Precision Agriculture) is a tool in this and allows the efficient use of natural resources (Restructurer – restructuring factors of production). Each farming strategy in which the farmers’ cooperation is the base of an efficient machinery use (Restructurer – restructuring of social relationships), each technology that reduces the human-health risk (Réduire – reduction) shows into the direction of ‘de-growth’ or other words: into the direction of sustainable development. We believe that it will not be possible to maintain a sustainable economy without strengthening the rural areas, helping farmers to find successful ways/strategies for being competitive, innovative, and to cooperate with each other.","PeriodicalId":31709,"journal":{"name":"Ecocycles","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68243704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The importance of biological vision in the control of plant pests","authors":"B. Nagy","doi":"10.19040/ecocycles.v8i2.221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19040/ecocycles.v8i2.221","url":null,"abstract":"Animal populations living on one or more plants, as well as the parasitic and predatory populations built around them, and those living from the carcass, waste, and other populations of all these plants constitute a life-changer held together by specific laws. It is therefore essential that the ratio between plant protection products, on the one hand, and entomological ecological research, on the other hand, should very soon change. Only agrocoenologists are capable to carry out the research task, which is very closely related to plant protection already that examines the immediate and more distant effects of the broad variety of protection methods, particularly those by chemical control. We allude to the agronomist, familiar with biology and not changing his farmland exceedingly often; who can gradually, year after year, compile the building blocks of experience; who can keep an eye on the major alterations in wildlife upon the anthropogenic activities that transform nature; who can record changes in the bulk of pests, their disappearance and reemergence; and who could observe the impacts of plant protection work with a critical eye. We must strive to find processes based on biological-ecological research, practically pest by pest, that allow the greatest use of natural limiting factors by restraining chemical treatments to the narrowest and most appropriate schedule. In our article, we describe some methods and principles of the implementation of a biological approach and ecological plant protection.","PeriodicalId":31709,"journal":{"name":"Ecocycles","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68244085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attempts for undoing the ecological incompatibility of agricultural technologies: from ecological pest management to agroecology","authors":"A. Székács, B. Darvas","doi":"10.19040/ecocycles.v8i2.222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19040/ecocycles.v8i2.222","url":null,"abstract":"Current agroecology is often categorized into three facets, science, practice, and movement. While the latter two aspects currently play significant and varying roles in different regions of the world, the fundamental aspect is the first one, the scientific approach that subsequently provided the possibility of the birth of the other two. The concept of integrated plant protection i.e., the emphasis on ecological considerations in chemical pest control emerged as a revolutionary novel concept in the middle of the last century. Among the priority principles, there are several similarities between ecological plant protection suggested by the pioneering Hungarian researcher Barnabás Nagy in 1957 and integrated pest management (IPM) initiated by US scientists Stern et al. in 1959, in given aspects such as the use of natural enemies, forecasting, and environmentally friendly strategies. In turn, the principles of ecological plant protection and IPM overlap on numerous points, but differences are also apparent. Neither of these strategies, however, emphases with due vigor the significance of persistence, pesticide residues, and chronic health-damaging effects. By today, properly assessing the environmental fate, behavior and chronic side effects of pesticides have become as important as taking the rapidly changing composition of local communities into consideration by the above three aspects of agroecology. The current pesticide re-registration strategy of the European Union focuses on prolonged changes from chronic effects. Ecological plant protection and IPM set preferences of sustainability e.g., the use of mechanical or biological protection methods and lowering the rate of agrochemical protection, but they have failed to establish transparent sustainability requirements that are easy to comprehend by general consumers. In contrast, ecological (organic) agriculture managed to formulate such clear regulations (a complete ban on synthetic pesticides), which is well-reflected in their rising preference by consumers but failed to prove that observed health benefits of organic produce is indeed due to the lack of the residues of those pesticides banned. In turn, the ecological approach currently has a strong presence in the form of the determined agroecological objectives of the European Green Deal. In retrospect, it is particularly impressive to observe the path of IPM, sustainable agriculture and all three aspects agroecology all rooted in the establishment of the ecological initiatives in the late fifties as their common historical scientific starting point.","PeriodicalId":31709,"journal":{"name":"Ecocycles","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68244105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaccinating plants","authors":"T. Kőmíves","doi":"10.19040/ecocycles.v8i1.213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19040/ecocycles.v8i1.213","url":null,"abstract":"Plant immune systems rely on their ability to recognize enemy molecules, carry out signal transduction, and respond defensively through pathways involving many genes and their products. This Perspective paper aims to explore current views on the vaccination (immunization) of plants against diseases caused by microorganisms and their (macro)molecular components, paying special attention to practical applications. We conclude that the technique of vaccination to control plant disease needs to be further investigated, developed, and considered for wider implementation in plant protection practice.","PeriodicalId":31709,"journal":{"name":"Ecocycles","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68243368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"European inland waters : The history of seafaring, shipping, and shipyards at the Lake Balaton","authors":"Bosse Lagerqvist, L. Bornmalm, S. Némethy","doi":"10.19040/ecocycles.v7i1.194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19040/ecocycles.v7i1.194","url":null,"abstract":"Maritime history and development of waterways is often perceived as a mostly marine issue including activities linked directly to the oceans and seas and their coastal zones. However, inland waters and waterways constitute an important landscape-forming factor in terms of transport, wetland formation, watercourse regulations and flood prevention, agriculture, forestry, fishery, settlement structures, tourism and a number of related services. Lake Balaton in western Hungary is a unique environment regarding its geology, biodiversity, water resources (including springs and thermal waters) and rich cultural heritage. Inland navigation has greatly contributed to the development of settlement structures and trades in the region already from Roman times, but only with the appearance of steamboats and the internationally renowned shipyards the shipping of goods and personal transport reached a larger volume. Since Lake Balaton is a shallow lake, producing ships (both sailing boats and larger vessels) was a technical challenge. The largest shipyard around the lake was in the town of Balatonfüred with some ancillary facilities in Siófok. With the continuous development of railway traffic first on the southern and later on the northern shore successively replaced the goods transport on the lake and changed the system of its water level control through the Sió-channel. In this study, we analyse the development of inland navigation on lake Balaton and its influence on trade and settlement structures and cultural heritage in the region, the connections to international inland waterways through the Sió canal and the River Danube and the changes of ship building industry during history. The article is based on a number of studies on the history of Lake Balaton and a specific focus is put on the industrial era and how international influences have been instrumental in this development.","PeriodicalId":31709,"journal":{"name":"Ecocycles","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43033474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"This is my life : In Memory of Professor Zoltan Kiraly (1925-2021)","authors":"T. Kőmíves","doi":"10.19040/ecocycles.v7i1.190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19040/ecocycles.v7i1.190","url":null,"abstract":"This is the obituary of Professor Zoltan Kiraly (1925-2021).","PeriodicalId":31709,"journal":{"name":"Ecocycles","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49514757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design for sustainable cultural landscapes : A whole-systems framework","authors":"May East, Ki Utara Pinheiro Gibsone, Bernard P. Y. Combes","doi":"10.19040/ECOCYCLES.V7I1.185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19040/ECOCYCLES.V7I1.185","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores how Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) could be used as a guidance framework for the capacity development of those engaged in the process of identifying, protecting, conserving, presenting and transmitting cultural landscapes. It draws insights from the Ecovillage Design Education (EDE) curriculum intended to serve the purpose of educating for the transition to a comprehensive sustainable culture. The framework follows the pattern of the EDE curriculum organised in four dimensions of sustainability and the three dimensions of learning - cognitive, socio-emotional and behavioural. Each of these four dimensions, in turn, contains five modules– thus twenty subject areas in total, all of which need to be considered by sustainable cultural landscape educational programmes. The paper concludes that in order to create a whole-systems guidance framework addressing cultural landscape complexities, a wide variety of viewpoints needs to be considered including community, nature rights and traditional ways of knowing and other participatory epistemologies.","PeriodicalId":31709,"journal":{"name":"Ecocycles","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46941454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}