Cyrilla Kinanti Werdiningtyas, A. Wibowo, S. Subandiyah, A. Widiastuti
{"title":"Exploration, Screening, and Application of Silica Solubilizing Bacteria and Silica Fertilizer to Suppress Fusarium Wilt Disease in Abaca","authors":"Cyrilla Kinanti Werdiningtyas, A. Wibowo, S. Subandiyah, A. Widiastuti","doi":"10.14692/jfi.19.3.111-117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.19.3.111-117","url":null,"abstract":"Pisang abaka (Musa textilis) merupakan penghasil serat alam berkualitas tinggi dengan permasalahan utama penyakit layu fusarium oleh Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh bakteri pelarut silika (BPS), menentukan pengaruh aplikasi BPS dan pupuk silika untuk menghambat serangan fusarium serta memacu pertumbuhan tanaman pisang. Sebanyak enam isolat BPS diperoleh dari tanah rizosfer pisang abaka sehat, tiga di antaranya memiliki aktivitas antagonis terhadap F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4. Empat perlakuan yang dicobakan menunjukkan keparahan penyakit layu fusarium yang tidak berbeda. Demikian juga keempat perlakuan tidak menunjukkan perbedaan pada peubah pertumbuhan yang diamati. Bakteri pelarut silika dan pupuk silika belum mampu mengendalikan F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4. Oleh karena itu, pisang abaka terbukti rentan terhadap F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4.","PeriodicalId":31619,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44545959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Isolation and Morphological Characterisation of Cercospora janseana Infecting Rice Leaves","authors":"E. T. Tondok, Rima Nur Halimatu Sa’adah","doi":"10.14692/jfi.18.6.255-263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.18.6.255-263","url":null,"abstract":"Penyakit bercak cokelat sempit pada tanaman padi menjadi salah satu penyakit yang paling merugikan. Di Indonesia, informasi mengenai penyakit ini masih terbatas dan kurang mendapatkan perhatian petani dan peneliti. Pengetahuan dasar mengenai patogen penyebabnya—Cercospora janseana—diperlukan sebagai acuan dalam tindakan pengendalian dan memahami epidemiologinya di masa mendatang. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan teknik isolasi yang sesuai untuk C. janseana serta melakukan karakterisasi morfologinya dari beberapa varietas tanaman padi. Teknik isolasi yang digunakan ialah metode penanaman jaringan, suspensi spora, penyebaran spora, dan penempelan spora. Pengamatan morfologi dilakukan dengan mengamati warna dan pertumbuhan koloni, konidium dan konidiofor, serta pertumbuhan koloni pada medium tumbuh yang berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknik isolasi yang sesuai untuk C. janseana ialah dengan penempelan spora pada agar-agar air dan menumbuhkannya pada medium agar-agar Martin. Teknik ini lebih baik dibandingkan dengan tiga teknik isolasi lainnya dan berhasil memudahkan proses isolasi C. janseana hingga diperoleh isolat murni.","PeriodicalId":31619,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45326281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cover Jurnal Fitopatologi Vol. 19 No. 3, Mei 2023","authors":"Editors Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","doi":"10.14692/jfi.19.3.i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.19.3.i","url":null,"abstract":"This editorial contains the front cover, editorial page, and back cover of the Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 19 No. 3, May 2023","PeriodicalId":31619,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43549119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Combination of Biocontrol Agents to Control Shallot Disease in The Field","authors":"S. Wiyono, W. Widodo, T. Khamidi, S. Sobir","doi":"10.14692/jfi.18.6.248-254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.18.6.248-254","url":null,"abstract":"Produksi bawang merah di Indonesia menghadapi permasalahan hama dan penyakit yang berat. Penggunaan pestisida menjadi andalan petani hingga saat ini untuk pengendalian hama dan penyakit tersebut. Beberapa agens biokontrol hama dan patogen bawang merah terbukti efektif secara individual, namun belum terintegrasi di lapangan. Tujuan penelitian ialah mengevaluasi kombinasi agens biokontrol dengan efektivitas terbaik untuk menekan insidensi penyakit utama bawang merah di lapangan. Percobaan lapangan dilakukan di Tegal, Jawa Tengah, salah satu sentra penghasil bawang merah di Indonesia. Perlakuan yang diuji ialah kombinasi Fusarium nonpatogenik (FNP) + plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)+ khamir antagonis (KA), FNP + KA, PGPR + KA, FNP+PGPR, fungisida sintetik, dan tanpa perlakuan (kontrol). Penelitian disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan empat ulangan sebagai blok. Semua perlakuan kombinasi agens pengendali hayati dan fungisida sintetik menunjukkan perbedaan nyata dengan perlakuan kontrol dalam menekan penyakit busuk batang (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae) dan bercak ungu (Alternaria porri), tetapi tidak berbeda nyata antarperlakuan. Produktivitas bawang merah dengan perlakuan agens pengendali hayati memiliki bobot umbi segar yang cukup tinggi. Tanaman dengan perlakuan agens hayati PGPR + KA dan FNP + PGPR memiliki bobot umbi segar yang paling tinggi di antara perlakuan agens pengendali hayati lainnya. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi kombinasi agens pengendali hayati berpotensi menekan penyakit bawang merah di lapangan.","PeriodicalId":31619,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44622519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antagonistic Mechanism of Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, The Causal Agents of Banana’s Panama Disease","authors":"S. Listiyowati, Tya Rustiani, G. Rahayu","doi":"10.14692/jfi.19.3.99-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.19.3.99-110","url":null,"abstract":"Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense merupakan cendawan tular tanah penyebab penyakit panama pada tanaman pisang. Agens hayati dari kelompok cendawan telah banyak dilakukan untuk mengendalikan penyakit tanaman. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi empat koleksi cendawan entomopatogen berdasarkan pada ciri morfologinya dan mengevaluasi mekanisme antagonismenya terhadap F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense IPBCC 19 1472. Galur cendawan entomopatogen dengan kode PS 4, PS 9, PS 11 berasal dari kawasan Situ Gunung, Sukabumi, Jawa Barat dan galur KRC berasal dari Kebun Raya Cibodas, Jawa Barat. Identifikasi cendawan dilakukan berdasarkan ciri morfologi pada medium agar-agar dekstrosa kentang. Mekanisme antagonistik diteliti menggunakan metode biakan ganda dan sebagai kontrol digunakan biakan tunggal F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap daya hambat cendawan entomopatogen dan pertumbuhan koloni F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense. Semua cendawan entomopatogen tidak dapat diidentifikasi secara morfologi karena tidak bersporulasi. Pertumbuhan koloninya lebih lambat daripada F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense. Semua cendawan entomopatogen menghambat F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense melalui mekanisme kompetisi ruang. Galur KRC memiliki aktivitas antagonisme paling besar, diikuti berturut-turut oleh galur PS 9, PS 11, dan PS 4. F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense membentuk klamidospora sebagai respons terhadap cendawan entomopatogen galur PS9 dan vakuolisasi ketika berinteraksi dengan tiga galur cendawan entomopatogen lainnya.","PeriodicalId":31619,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43994534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Korelasi Keparahan, Penyakit Belang, dan Kelimpahan, Serangga Vektor, Terhadap Hasil, Panen Lada Miftakhurohmah, D. Wahyuno, S. Hidayat, K. Mutaqin, Bonny Poernomo, Wahyu Soekarno
{"title":"Correlation of Mottle Disease Severity and Insect Vector Abundance on Black Pepper Yield","authors":"Korelasi Keparahan, Penyakit Belang, dan Kelimpahan, Serangga Vektor, Terhadap Hasil, Panen Lada Miftakhurohmah, D. Wahyuno, S. Hidayat, K. Mutaqin, Bonny Poernomo, Wahyu Soekarno","doi":"10.14692/jfi.19.3.129-134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.19.3.129-134","url":null,"abstract":"Insect-borne viral diseases epidemics are influenced by interaction among host plants, viruses, their vectors, and environment. Two species of mealybugs i.e. Planococcus minor and Ferrisia virgata are known as virus vectors that cause mottle disease on black pepper (Piper nigrum). Research was conducted to determine the main factors affecting mottle disease spread in the field. Study was conducted by observing 30 productive black pepper plants at the experimental field in Sukabumi, West Java. The parameters involved abundance of mealybugs, severity of mottle disease, and yield of black pepper plants. Disease severity and plant yield was assessed for three consecutive harvest seasons, while mealybug abundance was observed every two months for a year. The results showed that abundance of mealybugs did not have significant affect to disease severity and plant yield, indicating the vectors in the field does not play as a prominent role in disease spreading. Simple linear regression between disease severity and plant yield showed coefficient determination of R2 value about 0.4351 with negative correlation, indicating opposite effect between severity and plant yield. Increasing disease severity affect moderately plant yield decrease. Therefore, planting virus free seed stocks and applying good cultivation practices in the field will inhibit disease development and spreading which in turn will affect continuous optimal plant yields.","PeriodicalId":31619,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44585225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correlation of Mottle Disease Severity and Insect Vector Abundance on Black Pepper Yield","authors":"None Miftakhurohmah, Dono Wahyuno, Sri Hendrastuti Hidayat, Kikin Hamzah Mutaqin, Bonny Poernomo Wahyu Soekarno","doi":"10.14692/jfi.19.3.127-132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.19.3.127-132","url":null,"abstract":"Insect-borne viral diseases epidemics are influenced by interaction among host plants, viruses, their vectors, and environment. Two species of mealybugs i.e. Planococcus minor and Ferrisia virgata are known as virus vectors that cause mottle disease on black pepper (Piper nigrum). Research was conducted to determine the main factors affecting mottle disease spread in the field. Study was conducted by observing 30 productive black pepper plants at the experimental field in Sukabumi, West Java. The parameters involved abundance of mealybugs, severity of mottle disease, and yield of black pepper plants. Disease severity and plant yield was assessed for three consecutive harvest seasons, while mealybug abundance was observed every two months for a year. The results showed that abundance of mealybugs did not have significant affect to disease severity and plant yield, indicating the vectors in the field does not play as a prominent role in disease spreading. Simple linear regression between disease severity and plant yield showed coefficient determination of R2 value about 0.4351 with negative correlation, indicating opposite effect between severity and plant yield. Increasing disease severity affect moderately plant yield decrease. Therefore, planting virus free seed stocks and applying good cultivation practices in the field will inhibit disease development and spreading which in turn will affect continuous optimal plant yields.","PeriodicalId":31619,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136311287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sakinah Inayatur Rizqiyah, T. Yulianti, S. Hidayat
{"title":"Intensity of Main Disease in Several Superior Sugarcane Clones at Krebet Baru Sugar Factory, Malang","authors":"Sakinah Inayatur Rizqiyah, T. Yulianti, S. Hidayat","doi":"10.14692/jfi.18.6.231-238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.18.6.231-238","url":null,"abstract":"Tebu (Saccharum officinarum) merupakan tanaman perkebunan penting sebagai penghasil utama gula di Indonesia. Penurunan produksi gula tebu dalam beberapa tahun terakhir tidak sejalan dengan permintaan gula tebu yang kian meningkat. Pemuliaan tanaman diarahkan untuk mendapatkan varietas-varietas tebu unggul yang diharapkan memiliki produktivitas tinggi dan tahan terhadap faktor-faktor gangguan yang dapat menurunkan produktivitas tanaman. Pengamatan penyakit mosaik bergaris (Sugarcane streak mosaic virus/SCSMV), pokahbung (Fusarium moniliforme), dan luka api (Sporisorium scitamineum) dilakukan pada 14 klon tebu unggul di PG Krebet Baru, Malang. Pengamatan intensitas penyakit dilakukan setiap 2 minggu selama 3 bulan dan sampel tanaman yang menunjukkan gejala penyakit dideteksi penyebab penyakitnya di laboratorium. Gejala penyakit mosaik bergaris terjadi pada tiga klon tebu dengan intensitas antara 8.33% dan 63.89%; sedangkan gejala penyakit pokahbung dan luka api ditemukan pada 11 dan 14 klon tebu dengan intensitas berturut-turut 2.78% sampai 22.22% dan 11.11% sampai 25%. Konfirmasi keberadaan SCSMV diperiksa dengan metode polymerase chain reaction; sedangkan cendawan F. moniliforme dan S. scitamineum melalui isolasi jaringan dan pengamatan jaringan meristem. Secara umum insidensi penyakit tergolong rendah pada klon 8 dan 12 sehingga klon tersebut dapat direkomendasikan sebagai klon potensial yang digunakan dalam mengendalikan penyakit utama tebu.","PeriodicalId":31619,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41528901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Taufik, Gusnawaty Hs, Syair Syair, Rahayu Mallarangeng, A. Khaeruni, M. Botek, S. Hartono, N. Aidawati, P. Hidayat
{"title":"Distribution of Yellow Curly Leaf Disease in Chili Plantations in Southeast Sulawesi and Identification of the Causes","authors":"Muhammad Taufik, Gusnawaty Hs, Syair Syair, Rahayu Mallarangeng, A. Khaeruni, M. Botek, S. Hartono, N. Aidawati, P. Hidayat","doi":"10.14692/jfi.19.3.89-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.19.3.89-98","url":null,"abstract":"Penyakit daun keriting kuning pada pertanaman cabai di Sulawesi Tenggara telah dilaporkan sejak tahun 2018, yaitu di Kabupaten Kolaka Timur dan Kota Kendari. Gejala penyakit di lapangan semakin meluas seiring dengan perluasan penanaman cabai. Penelitian bertujuan menghitung kembali insidensi penyakit daun keriting kuning pada pertanaman cabai di Sulawesi Tenggara, mengidentifikasi serangga yang berasosiasi dengan tanaman cabai, dan mengidentifikasi penyebab penyakitnya. Pengamatan insidensi penyakit dilakukan di pertanaman cabai yang berada di Kabupaten Bombana, Konawe Selatan, Konawe, Kendari, Kolaka Timur, Kolaka, dan Kolaka Utara. Identifikasi kutukebul dilakukan berdasarkan karakter morfologi. Deteksi dan identifikasi begomovirus menggunakan metode polymerase chain reaction, yang dilanjutkan dengan analisis sikuensing. Rata-rata insidensi penyakit daun keriting kuning di tujuh kabupaten ialah 36%–90%. Spesies kutukebul yang ditemukan adalah Aleurotrachelus trachoides. Fragmen DNA spesifik begomovirus berukuran 580 pb berhasil diamplifikasi dari sampel tanaman cabai asal tujuh kabupaten di Sulawesi Tenggara. Analisis sikuen mengonfirmasi infeksi Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus pada pertanaman cabai di Kabupaten Kolaka, Kolaka Utara, Bombana, Konawe, dan Konawe Selatan.","PeriodicalId":31619,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44797403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Tarigan, Diana Sofia Hanafia, M. Sinuraya, S. Barus, A. E. Marpaung, R. Murtiningsih, Amelia Sebayang
{"title":"The The Effect of Gamma Rays on Local Chilli Infected to Pepper Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Infection (Begomovirus)","authors":"R. Tarigan, Diana Sofia Hanafia, M. Sinuraya, S. Barus, A. E. Marpaung, R. Murtiningsih, Amelia Sebayang","doi":"10.14692/jfi.19.2.74-82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.19.2.74-82","url":null,"abstract":"Cabai merupakan salah satu komoditas hortikultura bernilai ekonomi tinggi di Indonesia. Cabai lokal Karo berbatang ungu merupakan cabai yang memiliki keunggulan produksi dan pertumbuhan vegetatif tinggi, namun sangat rentan terhadap penyakit virus keriting kuning oleh begomovirus. Salah satu upaya pengendalian begomovirus ialah dengan perakitan genotipe baru yang tahan melalui induksi iradiasi sinar gamma. Penelitian bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh iradiasi sinar gamma pada benih cabai lokal Karo berbatang ungu terinfeksi begomovirus untuk mendapatkan calon genotipe mutan yang tahan. Benih dari tanaman cabai terinfeksi begomovirus diberi perlakuan iradiasi sinar gamma dengan taraf dosis 150, 200, dan 250 Gy untuk mendapatkan tanaman mutan 1 (M1). Benih sehat dan benih berasal dari tanaman sakit tanpa perlakuan digunakan sebagai tanaman kontrol. Parameter yang diamati meliputi insidensi dan keparahan penyakit, AUDPC dan deteksi begomovirus pada tanaman M1 dan benih generasi kedua (M2). Perlakuan iradiasi sinar gamma taraf dosis 150 Gy pada benih cabai terinfeksi begomovirus menunjukkan rata-rata insidensi, keparahan penyakit, dan AUDPC paling rendah dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya pada tanaman mutan M1 dan M2. Berdasarkan deteksi dengan PCR pada tanaman mutan M2, dari perlakuan dosis 150 Gy didapatkan 7 calon genotipe tahan begomovirus terbanyak di antara perlakuan lainnya.","PeriodicalId":31619,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42670611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}