European Polymer Journal最新文献

{"title":"From oils to functional materials: Advancement in vegetable oils as precursors for Next-Generation vitrimers","authors":"Ankit Sharma ,&nbsp;Muskan Kumari ,&nbsp;Sandeep Singh Bisht ,&nbsp;Manju Yadav ,&nbsp;Inderdeep Singh ,&nbsp;Bharti Gaur","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The emerging field of vegetable oil-based vitrimers have been explored as a sustainable alternative to traditional polymers. Vegetable oils, owing to their abundance, renewability, and inherent chemical functionality, serve as versatile biobased precursors for the synthesis of dynamic covalent networks. The paper systematically outlines the synthesis strategies for various types of vitrimers derived from vegetable oils, as well as the dynamic chemistries used along with potential applications in industries striving for sustainable materials. Despite notable advancements, challenges remain in achieving high-performance materials, limitations in scalability, catalyst efficiency, and environmental stability pose hurdles for widespread adoption. By providing insights into future research directions, this review underscores the importance of developing hybrid vitrimer systems, green catalysts, and application-oriented formulations to improve material performance and facilitate broader commercial adoption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114298"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nucleic acid–inspired phosphorus-containing polymers","authors":"Yuchen Ma,&nbsp;Yuwei Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nucleic acids are nature’s archetypal sequence-defined phosphorus-containing polymers. Inspired by their structural precision, programmable synthesis, and functional versatility, a growing body of work is reimagining synthetic polymers through the lens of nucleic acid chemistry. Yet because these efforts span multiple, often siloed disciplines, their conceptual connections are rarely considered together. This Perspective offers a unified view of <em>nucleic acid–inspired polymers</em>, aiming to stimulate broader interest within the synthetic polymer community. We highlight recent advances in xeno-nucleic acids, non-nucleoside oligophosphates, and hybrid macromolecular architectures constructed using nucleic acid scaffolds. We further examine emerging strategies for synthesizing DNA-like polymers via ring-opening polymerization and explore how RNA’s intrinsic degradation pathways inspire the design of sustainable polymers. Together, these developments demonstrate how core principles of nucleic acid structure, synthesis, and function can inform new directions in polymer science, with compelling opportunities on the horizon.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 114294"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poly(2-oxazoline)-based drug delivery systems for cancer therapy","authors":"Bhagyashree Kulkarni,&nbsp;C. Remzi Becer","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of polymer science with medicine has significantly advanced drug delivery, offering solutions for challenges such as poor drug solubility, limited bioavailability, and systemic toxicity. Among polymeric materials, poly(2-oxazoline)s (POx) have emerged as promising alternatives to poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), the conventional standard for nanocarrier surface modification. Appropriate design of POx allows the development of drug delivery systems featuring enhanced biocompatibility, attenuated immunogenicity, and improved pharmacokinetics. Synthesized via living cationic ring-opening polymerization (CROP), POx enables precise control over polymer architecture, allowing for customizable solubility, amphiphilicity, and functionalization tailored to diverse therapeutic needs. Its peptide-like structure confers excellent biostability and pseudopeptide characteristics, making POx suitable for various biomedical applications. Recent developments include multifunctional POx-based drug delivery systems that improve therapeutic performance and offer responsive behaviour for controlled drug release. Importantly, early clinical evaluations and commercial applications, such as POx–drug conjugates and hemostatic patches, support the translational potential of these materials. This review highlights the growing use of POx-based nanocarriers in cancer therapy, extending beyond conventional chemotherapy to include photodynamic therapy (PDT), immunotherapy, and combinatorial strategies aimed at overcoming multidrug resistance and improving therapeutic outcomes in cancer treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114292"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The light Dwarf: Chemiluminescent Poly(2-oxazoline) as a reactive oxygen Species-triggered material for bioimaging and drug delivery","authors":"Mohammed Jamshied ,&nbsp;Sameer Sekhar Mohanty ,&nbsp;Sreevalsan Achikkulathu ,&nbsp;Leonid I. Kaberov","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Luminol (3-aminophthalylhydrazide) is a known example of a chemiluminescent material. In the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS, hydrogen peroxide), luminol transforms to amino phthalic acid with an emission of blue light (λ_max ≈ 425 nm). The high sensitivity of this reaction determines the effectiveness of the luminol chemiluminescence in bioimaging for the detection of reactive oxygen species. Here we report on the first chemiluminescent poly(2-oxazoline)s, bearing luminol units. Using the post-polymerization modification strategy based on the direct grafting of the luminol via imine formation with subsequent reduction, we created a library of block-copolymers with a variable luminol content. Chemiluminescence emission studies confirm the high sensitivity of the obtained copolymers to the reactive oxygen species (H₂O₂) in aqueous solution, comparable to free luminol. Solution behaviour studies revealed the tendency of the obtained copolymers to form nanoparticles, which was confirmed by a combination of dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. Apart from expected sensitivity to ROS, the obtained copolymers show pH-responsive behaviour, which was also confirmed by DLS. Finally, all chemiluminescent poly(2-oxazolne)s demonstrated ability to encapsulate hydrophobic drugs, forming colloidally stable solutions. The obtained results highlight the potential of the obtained luminol-containing polymers for biomedicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114290"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Debondable polyurethane-inspired adhesives using malonate-formed amide chemistry","authors":"Tim Maiheu ,&nbsp;Hiba Kassem ,&nbsp;Adrià Roig ,&nbsp;Nicolai Kolb ,&nbsp;Alexander Azzawi ,&nbsp;Filip E. Du Prez","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114286","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114286","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polyurethane-based adhesives are widely used to adhere various substrates in a wide range of industrial sectors. While such adhesives are often designed for high performance applications, they present a challenge when it comes to recycling or repairing as a result of their thermoset nature. Here, we explore the potential of malonate-formed amides as thermally triggerable dynamic moieties for the development of debondable adhesives. These malonate-formed amides are introduced in polyurethane-inspired adhesives by the fast and straightforward reaction between available malonate-containing polyesters and diisocyanates. First, a systematic catalyst screening has been performed to evaluate the formation of malonate-formed amides from diethylmalonate and 4-ethylphenylisocyanate. Then, it has been confirmed on material level that the dissociation pathway of the debonding reaction occurs <em>via</em> a decarboxylation pathway without the release of isocyanates. Subsequently, the potential of this reverse reaction is demonstrated for a single debonding, using lap shear testing at debonding temperatures above 120 °C. Overall, this approach enables a chemically designed, industrially attractive generation of debondable adhesives based on malonate-functionalized polyesters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114286"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solvable bio-based intrinsic black polyimides containing furanyl-pyridine units: synthesis, structures and properties","authors":"Yongan Niu ,&nbsp;Jianming Feng ,&nbsp;Ke Liu ,&nbsp;Baihui Ding ,&nbsp;Xin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114287","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114287","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Black Polyimides (BPIs) have very important prospectives in aerospace, microelectronics, and advanced optical devices. To the aim, three bio-based aromatic diamines containing furanyl-pyridine units, such as 4-furanyl-2,6-(4-aminophenyl)pyridine (PFDA), O-FPDA with ether bond (−O-) and 6F-FPDA with −CF₃ groups, were designed and successfully synthesized via the Hantzsch reaction using the furfural as original materials. More fine structures of three diamines were determined by using FT-IR, ¹HNMR and XRD analysis. Then, the novel intrinsic BPIs, such as FPPI, O-FPPI and 6F-FPPI, were prepared by polycondensation between three diamines and pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA), respectively. All BPIs exhibit excellent solubility in many polar solvents such as DMF, DMAc, and DMSO at room temperature. Among them, FPPI and O-FPPI are easily dissolved in low-boiling point solvents such as tetrahydrofuran (THF), which would provide the better formability and processability. Under N₂ atmosphere, these BPIs also show the outstanding thermal stability. Especially, O-FPPI sample displays the initial thermal decomposition temperature (<em>T</em>₅) of 478 °C and the residual carbon rate (<em>Y</em>_c) of over 71 % at 800 °C. Meanwhile, all BPI films exhibit the super-strong light absorption in UV–Vis districts. FPPI film has almost full spectrum absorption, with the cutoff wavelength (<em>λ</em>_cut) about 702 nm and the relative transmittance only of 2.85 % at 760 nm. Due to these outstanding properties and bio-based characteristics, these diamines with furanyl-pyridine units could provide the green renewability and easy availability of raw materials for BPIs in the future sustainable applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114287"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances and perspectives on melamine-based porous organic polymers: A comprehensive review","authors":"Swathi Thottathil,&nbsp;Jaison Emmanuel Crasta,&nbsp;Kathyayini Nayak,&nbsp;Yashoda Malgar Puttaiahgowda","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114288","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Melamine-based porous organic polymers (M−POPs) have gained significant attention due to their high nitrogen content, tunable porosity, and robust chemical stability. The triazine-rich framework of melamine not only imparts durability but also introduces abundant active sites for adsorption and catalytic processes. Various polymerization strategies, including Schiff-base condensation, nucleophilic substitution, and Friedel-Crafts reactions, have been employed to tailor the structural and functional diversity of M−POPs. Owing to their high surface areas and versatile pore structure, these materials have demonstrated excellent performance in environmental applications, particularly in water purification, where they effectively remove dyes, heavy metals, and other organic pollutants. In addition, their nitrogen-rich networks facilitate strong interactions with gases such as CO₂, making them promising candidates for gas capture and separation. Recent advances also highlight their potential in heterogeneous catalysis, photocatalysis, and electrochemical energy storage, where structural modification and functionalization further enhance selectivity and stability. This review summarizes recent progress in the synthesis, characterization, and multifunctional applications of M−POPs, with emphasis on their role as sustainable materials for environmental remediation and energy-related technologies. The growing versatility of M−POPs underscores their potential as next-generation porous frameworks for addressing global environmental and industrial challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114288"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rational design of Poly(2-Oxazoline) nanozymes for antioxidant and MRI applications","authors":"Milad Ghorbani ,&nbsp;Nicholas P.C. Roxburgh ,&nbsp;Aaron S. Micallef ,&nbsp;Nicole M. Warne ,&nbsp;James P. Blinco ,&nbsp;Kristian Kempe","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polymeric nanozymes are researched as an emerging class of nanozyme antioxidants, introducing potent performance along with desirable properties for biomedical applications. Enabled by the macromolecular engineering capabilities of the cationic ring-opening polymerisation (CROP) technique, here we report the fabrication of nitroxide-bearing poly(2-oxazoline) (POx) nano-self-assemblies via synthesis and self-assembly of amphiphilic copolymers consisting of 2-methyl-2-oxazoline (MeOx; M), a 2-oxazoline bearing a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-<em>N</em>-oxyl (TEMPO; T) 2-substituent (TempOx-O•), and 2-phenyl-2-oxazoline (PhOx; P) repeating units. Three different terpolymers were prepared by a one-pot polymerization (M40T10P15), and combination of one-pot and sequential monomer addition (M40T10-<em>b</em>-P16, and M40-<em>b</em>-T10P15). As a result, each nitroxide-bearing nano-self-assembly shows design-specific structural properties. M40T10P15 exhibited the smallest hydrodynamic size and narrowest dispersity (&lt; 15 nm; PDI 0.19), while M40T10-<em>b</em>-P16 and M40-<em>b</em>-T10P15 showed comparable hydrodynamic size distributions (∼ 20 nm; PDI 0.25 and 0.28, respectively). Each nano-self-assembly design demonstrated excellent colloidal stability in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4). Depending on the positioning of the nitroxide units as well as the hydrodynamic size distribution of the nano-self-assemblies, each design demonstrated particular radical-trapping activity and MRI performance. M40T10P15, with the smallest hydrodynamic size and with the nitroxide units mostly positioned in the hydrophilic shell, showed the most significant radical-trapping activity, as evidenced by a BODIPY assay, as well as the highest r₁ relaxivity as determined by <em>in vitro</em> MRI experiments. In addition, complementary EPR spectroscopy analyses revealed that positioning of nitroxides mostly in the hydrophilic shell (M40T10P15 and M40T10-<em>b</em>-P16) gives rise to noticeable structural differences in terms of distribution of radical components as compared to the M40-<em>b</em>-T10P15 system, in which nitroxides are mostly positioned in the hydrophobic core. In general, this study describes a CROP-assisted approach for the controlled incorporation of nitroxides into POx nano-self-assemblies to form POx nanozymes with promising design-specific radical-trapping and MR imaging properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114291"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pendant adamantyl Group-Regulated fluorinated Polyimides: Synergistic optimization of low dielectric constant and optical transparency","authors":"Wenguang Zhang ,&nbsp;Linyan Zhu ,&nbsp;Lishuai Zong ,&nbsp;Ya Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuntao Ma ,&nbsp;Yabin Zhang ,&nbsp;Jinyan Wang ,&nbsp;Xigao Jian","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114289","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114289","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the development of 5G communication technology towards higher frequencies, commercial polyimides (PIs) insulating layer materials can hardly meet the urgent requirements of low dielectric constant (D_k) and low dissipation factor (D_f) for high-frequency signal transmission. Therefore, regulating the free volume between molecular chains has become an effective strategy to achieve low dielectric PIs. In this work, two new diamine monomers with pendant adamantyl groups were designed and synthesized: 4-(1-adamantyl)-1,3-bis(4-aminophenoxy)benzene (ADAB) and 4-(1-adamantyl)-1,3-bis(2-trifluoromethyl-4-aminophenoxy)benzene (ADFAB). A series of new PI films were prepared by copolymerizing the above diamines with 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride (6FDA) and 2,2′-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzidine (TFDB). The performance changes of PI films were systematically studied by adjusting the molar ratio of ADAB or ADFAB to TFDB. In the TFDB-6FDA system, with the increase of ADAB or ADFAB ratio (0–100 %), the interchain packing of PIs was hindered, the molar free volume was increased, and the polarizability was balanced, which effectively reduced the D_k and D_f. High-frequency tests (10 GHz) showed that their D_k was as low as 2.43–2.72, and the D_f was 0.0051–0.0078. Additionally, The PI films exhibited exceptional thermal stability, displaying 5 % weight loss temperatures (T_d5%) &gt; 490 °C and glass transition temperatures (T_g) between 304–345 °C. Simultaneously, they demonstrated good solubility and superior optical performance with light transmittance values of 83.8–88.1 % at 450 nm. In conclusion, this kind of high-performance low dielectric PI films have broad application prospects in the fields of microelectronic devices and flexible displays.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114289"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of carboxyl groups in the performance optimization of bio-based itaconate elastomers and nanocomposites","authors":"Liwei Li ,&nbsp;Chaoying Sun ,&nbsp;Hui Yang ,&nbsp;Runguo Wang ,&nbsp;Haijun Ji ,&nbsp;Guo-Hua Hu ,&nbsp;Liqun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2025.114280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bio-based carboxylated elastomers, poly(dibutyl itaconate-<em>co</em>-butadiene-<em>co</em>-methacrylic acid) (PDBIBAs), were synthesized via emulsion polymerization using dibutyl itaconate, butadiene, and methacrylic acid (MAA). Their molecular structures were characterized by FTIR, ¹H NMR, and GPC. By varying MAA content, the molecular weight of the elastomers ranged from 173 to 310 kg/mol, with glass transition temperatures (<em>T</em>_g) between −56.5 °C and −31.8 °C. Incorporation of MAA significantly enhanced tensile strength—up to 14.1 MPa for PDBIBA-15, a 355 % increase compared to PDBIBA-0. This improvement is attributed to cross-linking between carboxyl groups and ZnO. Adding silica nanoparticles further strengthened the composites by enhancing interfacial bonding between the polymer matric and silica, increasing tensile strength (15.5–24.4 MPa) and reducing the Payne effect, with elongation at break between 200 % and 393 %. Higher MAA content also improved abrasion, oil, and aging resistance, indicating improved durability. These findings highlight the potential of MAA-functionalized PDBIBAs and their nanocomposites for sustainable, high-performance applications in the rubber industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":315,"journal":{"name":"European Polymer Journal","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114280"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145060890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}