Medicinski Podmladak最新文献

{"title":"The importance of polymorphisms of regulatory and catalytic antioxidant proteins in chronic kidney disease","authors":"Đurđa Jerotić, M. Matić, L. McClements","doi":"10.5937/MP72-31109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/MP72-31109","url":null,"abstract":"Both excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and impaired antioxidant function are found in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Therefore, individual susceptibility towards CKD can be induced by functional variations of genes encoding antioxidant regulatory (nuclear factor erythroid 2 - related factor 2 (Nrf2)) and catalytic (superoxide dismutase (SOD2) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX1)) proteins. Several types of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been found within the genes encoding these proteins, with Nrf2 (-617C/A), SOD2 (Ala16Val) and GPX1 (Pro198Leu) conferring impaired catalytic activity. The most unexplored gene polymorphism in CKD susceptibility, progression and survival, with only two original studies published, is the Nrf2 (-617C/A) polymorphism. The results of these studies showed that there was no individual impact of this polymorphism on the susceptibility towards end stage renal disease (ESRD) development, oxidative phenotype and mortality. However, Nrf2 had a significant role in ESRD risk and survival, when combined with other antioxidant genes. The results regarding the impact of SOD2 (Ala16Val) and GPX1 (Pro198Leu) polymorphisms on either CKD or ESRD are still inconclusive. Namely, some studies showed that patients having variant SOD2 (Val) or GPX1 (Leu) allele were at increased risk of CKD development and progression, while other studies reported only weak or no association between these polymorphisms and CKD. Surprisingly, the only study that reported an association of GPX1 polymorphism with overall/cardiovascular survival in ESRD patients showed a significant impact of low activity GPX1 (Leu/Leu) genotype on better survival. In this review, we comprehensively and critically appraise the literature on these polymorphisms related to oxidative stress in CKD patients, in order to identify gaps and provide recommendations for further clinical research and translation. New developments in the field of antioxidant polymorphisms in CKD patients could lead to better stratification of CKD patients, based on a prognostic antioxidant gene panel, and provide a more personalised medicine approach for the need of antioxidant therapy in these patients.","PeriodicalId":31558,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Podmladak","volume":"72 1","pages":"25-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71004991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: The importance of polymorphisms of regulatory and catalytic antioxidant proteins in chronic kidney disease (2021, vol. 72, br. 1, pp. 25-33)","authors":"U. Uredništvo","doi":"10.5937/mp72-35776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/mp72-35776","url":null,"abstract":"In the paper titled \"The importance of polymorphisms of regulatory and catalytic antioxidant proteins in chronic kidney disease\" by Đurđa Jerotić et al. published in Medical youth journal volumen 72, number 1, there occurred a technical error on the title page, where in the upper left corner the type of manuscript is marked as \"ORIGINAL SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE\". The type of the mentioned manuscript is a mini-review article and in the upper left corner there should be written \"Mini review article\". On this occasion, we apologize to the authors and readers. With the consent of the author, we publish a correction in this issue.","PeriodicalId":31558,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Podmladak","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71005702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency of restenosis after carotid endarterectomy","authors":"Bojana Arnautović, I. Končar","doi":"10.5937/mp72-33415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/mp72-33415","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Carotid artery restenosis is a significant long-term complication of carotid endarterectomy. Carotid artery restenosis is the result of neointimal hyperplasia in the early postoperative period or recurrent atherosclerotic lesions in the following period. Numerous studies have incriminated several risk factors as predisposing conditions for restenosis. The definite role of each predisposing factor, however, is still widely debated. Aim: Investigation of frequency and risk factors for restenosis after carotid endarterectomy. Material and methods: Data of 295 patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy was reviewed between 2008 and 2010. Postoperative duplex studies were performed on control examinations in the following period between 2011 and 2019. Retrospective analysis was performed to assess the effect of demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients on the development of restenosis after carotid endarterectomy. Results: Restenosis occurred in 76 (26%) patients after carotid endarterectomy, with the highest incidence during the third (33%) and fourth (25%) year of follow-up. Patients with diabetes (p = 0.048) and peripheral arterial occlusive disease (p = 0.041) had significant statistical correlation with the occurrence of restenosis, as well as parameters of lipid status - cholesterol values (p = 0.025), serum low-density lipoprotein (p = 0.036) and non highdensity lipoprotein (p = 0.041). Conclusion: The results of our study confirm the significant role of atherosclerotic risk factors in the development of carotid artery restenosis in the later postoperative period. More frequent monitoring and control of systemic risk factors in these patients is necessary in order to prevent the development of carotid artery restenosis.","PeriodicalId":31558,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Podmladak","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71005481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autophagy and renal cell carcinoma: What do we know so far?","authors":"M. Radovanović, Z. Dzamic","doi":"10.5937/MP72-31557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/MP72-31557","url":null,"abstract":"Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney tumor in adults, accounting for approximately 90% of kidney malignances, occurring usually between the ages of 60 and 70. The 5-year overall survival rate for all RCC types is 49%. Since RCCs are resistant to numeorus different radio and chemotherapeutics that act via apoptosis induction, the development of new approaches to RCC treatment is still in the focus of modern urology. In particular, in recent years, autophagy in RCC has been widely studied as a mechanism of cell extinction through which tumor cells can overcome resistance to apoptosis activation therapy. Autophagy is often referred to as a double-edged sword because it can be a process that allows cells of cancer to survive and, on the other hand and under other conditions, it can be a cell dying mechanism, independent or closely related to other cell death modalities, like apoptosis and necrosis. The central role in the tempering of the process of autophagy, in general, belongs to the mTOR complex (mammalian target of rapamycin), which integrates numerous signals that affect autophagy, such as growth factors, nutrients, various stressors and the energy status of the cell. In RCC, the most important is PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, since activation of this signaling leads to survival of tumor cells through mTOR activation and thus, autophagy inhibition. Up to now, it was found that autophagy markers such as Beclin-1 and LC3-II can be considered as prognostic markers for RCC since the high level of Beclin-1 was detected in tissues and cells of RCC (A498 and ACHN cell lines) and that tumor cell mobility is promoted by the up-regulated expression of LC3. Therefore, a progress in RCC therapy can be expected from the development and synthesis of specific compounds targeting autophagy, as well as the therapy based on their combination.","PeriodicalId":31558,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Podmladak","volume":"72 1","pages":"43-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71004885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS-CoV-2: Genetic variability, mutations and variants of concern for the global world","authors":"M. Ćupić","doi":"10.5937/mp72-33322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/mp72-33322","url":null,"abstract":"Since emerging from Wuhan, China, in December of 2019, the novel coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2 has been causing devastating severe respiratory infections in human population worldwide. The new emerging disease was called COVID-19 and, as early as the beginning of 2020, the world found itself in a COVID 19 pandemic. Despite the slow evolutionary rate of SARS-CoV-2 relative to other RNA viruses, its massive and rapid transmission during the COVID-19 pandemic has enabled it to acquire significant genetic diversity since it first entered the human population. This led to the emergence of numerous variants, some of them recently being labeled, \"variants of concern\" (VOC). Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants can be problematic if one or more of the independent mutations result in changes that make the virus more pathogenic, resistant to treatment, able to escape vaccines, or able to evade diagnostic tests. So far, four VOCs have been globally recognized (Alpha or B.1.1.7, Beta or B.1.351, Gamma or P.1 and newly recognized as VOC Delta or lineage B.1.617.2), and areas of the emerging variant of concern first time observed are United Kingdom, South Africa, Brazil, and India, respectively. Notable variants are those that contain mutations within the S gene, particularly within the region that codes for the receptor-binding domain (RBD) that recognize and attach the specific ACE2 cell receptor. These mutations are responsible for increased viral transmission and influence disease severity, reliability of clinical tests as well as vaccine and therapy efficacy. The characteristics of VOCs and their mutational patterns indicate the necessity of permanent close monitoring on a global level.","PeriodicalId":31558,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Podmladak","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71005337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: The role of plant polyphenols in the health preservation: Effects on human cardiometabolic function (2021, vol. 72, br. 1, pp. 34-42)","authors":"U. Uredništvo","doi":"10.5937/mp72-35785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/mp72-35785","url":null,"abstract":"In the paper titled \"The role of plant polyphenols in the health preservation: Effects on human cardiometabolic function\" by Miloš Gostimirović et al. published in Medical youth journal volumen 72, number 1, there occurred a technical error on the title page, where in the upper left corner the type of manuscript is marked as \"ORIGINAL SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE\". The type of the mentioned manuscript is a mini-review article and in the upper left corner there should be written \"Mini review article\". On this occasion, we apologize to the authors and readers. With the consent of the author, we publish a correction in this issue.","PeriodicalId":31558,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Podmladak","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71005797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical pathological characteristics of pelvic bone tumors","authors":"Darko Starčević, Ljubica Simić, Goran Đuričić, Stanislav Rajkovic, J. Sopta","doi":"10.5937/mp72-33519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/mp72-33519","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Bone tumors are rare neoplasms whose therapy depends on the location. Pelvic bones represent a special anatomical entity diagnosis and therapy of pelvic tumors in addition to the pathohistological type largely depends on the anatomical specifics of that region. Aim: The aim of this study was to show the frequency, as well as clinical and pathological characteristics of primary and secondary tumors of the pelvic bones. Material and methods: The research as a descriptive study in the period from January 1, to December 31, 2019 at the Institute of Pathology of the Medical Faculty of the University of Belgrade and includes 33 patients. Demographic, clinical and radiological data were obtained from the Bone Tumor Registry. Statistical processing and analysis were done in the Statistical Package for Social Science SPSS Windows version 22 (IBM Chicago, Ilinois, USA). Results: Out of 33 patients, 55% had secondary pelvic tumors, primarily cancer metastases (37%). In 21% of cases, primary malignant bone tumor as diagnosed, and in 12%, primary benign bone tumor. Hematopoietic neoplasms were verified in 12%. Conclusion: Pelvic bone tumors are not common, but these neoplasms, in orthopedic oncology, represents their malignant biological behavior are of great importance. The most common primary malignant tumor in adults is chondrosarcoma, and in children Ewing sarcoma. Highest frequency for pelvic bone metastases has lung cancer. Plasmacytoma in adults, Langerhans cellular histiocytosis in children are hematological neoplasms seen at this site.","PeriodicalId":31558,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Podmladak","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71005825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Autophagy and renal cell carcinoma: What do we know so far? (2021, vol. 72, br. 1, pp. 43-49)","authors":"U. Uredništvo","doi":"10.5937/mp72-35786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/mp72-35786","url":null,"abstract":"In the paper titled \"Autophagy and renal cell carcinoma: What do we know so far?\" by Milan Radovanović et al. published in Medical youth journal volumen 72, number 1, there occurred a technical error on the title page, where in the upper left corner the type of manuscript is marked as \"ORIGINAL SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE\". The type of the mentioned manuscript is a mini-review article and in the upper left corner there should be written \"Mini review article\". On this occasion, we apologize to the authors and readers. With the consent of the author, we publish a correction in this issue.","PeriodicalId":31558,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Podmladak","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71005869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light chain amiloydosis: Clinical, laboratory characteristics and treatment approach","authors":"A. Stanković, M. Lazarević, Sara Srdić, A. Sretenović","doi":"10.5937/mp72-33559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/mp72-33559","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Light chain amyloidosis (AL) is a plasma cell neoplasia characterized by deposition of a pathological insoluble fibrillary protein, i.e. light chain immunoglobulin. Aim: To show clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients, course, treatment modalities, prognosis etc. Material and methods: A number of 30 newly diagnosed patients with AL amyloidosis were analyzed. Histopathological diagnosis was made by identifying Congo red positive deposits in the affected organs. Results: A number of 30 patients(pts) was analyzed, 21 male / 9 female, with average age of 59 years. Paraprotein was found in 26 (86.7%). The most frequent monoclonal protein was immunoglobulin light chain (14pts, 46.7%), Lambda isotope was more common (21pts, 70%). Organ involvement: heart (21pts, 70%), kidney (21pts, 70%), sub cutis (18pts, 60%), bone marrow (12pts, 40%), liver (7pts, 23.3%) and 9pts(30%) had unusual localization (lung, skin, uterus); 18pts (60%) had more than one parenchymal organ involved. Biomarkers of cardiac involvement: BNP in 8pts (26.7%), NTproBNP in 13pts (43.3%), and troponin 7pts (23.3). Elevation of LDH was found in 7pts (23.3%). Anemia was observed in 3 (10%) and thrombocytopenia in 1 pts (3.3%). With conventional chemotherapy 21pts(70%) were treated, bortezomib was applied in 9pts (30%). With ASCT was performed on 2pts (6.7%). Overall treatment response (ORR, ≥PR) was achieved in 21pts (70%). All pts treated with bortezomib based HT had treatment response (≥PR). In transplant ineligible patients, treatment modality did not affect PFS (Log Rank = 1.675, p = 0.196), but showed statistically significant effect on OS (Log Rank = 3.834, p = 0.05). Number of parenchymal organ involvement (1 vs. ≥ 2) did not show influence neither of PFS or OS (PFS: Log Rank = 0.017, p = 0.895; OS: Log Rank = 0.739, p = 0.390). Although the most important negative prognostic factor, cardiac involvement had no effect on OS (Log Rank = 2.480, p = 1.410). Conclusion: Heart involvement indicated a worse prognosis for patients. Bortezomib based protocols and HDT with ASCT are essential for maintaining long-term remission and improving OS.","PeriodicalId":31558,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Podmladak","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71005929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional dynamics of myocardial injury biomarkers production during acute isoprenaline treatment in rats","authors":"Nina Gatarić, A. Ilić, D. Todorović, Slavica Mutavdžin, Jovana Jakovljević-Uzelac, S. Stanković, Dragana Đurić","doi":"10.5937/mp72-31512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/mp72-31512","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Isoprenaline or isoproterenol (1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-isopropylaminoethanolhydrochloride; ISO), a synthetic b-adrenergic agonist, can be used to establish myocardial ischemia, cardiotoxicity, necrosis and/or an experimental model of infarction in rats. Aim: Determination of the dynamics of myocardial injury biomarkers production of aspartate transaminase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), and high-sensitive troponin T (hsTnT), with changes on electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters during the subcutaneous aplication of ISO in male Wistar rats. Material and methods: All animals (n = 23) were divided into two groups: control group (n = 11) treated with a saline solution, during two consecutive days (0,2 ml/kg b.m. daily, sc); and the ISO group (n = 12) treated with isoprenaline, during two consecutive days (85 mg/kg b.m. daily, sc). Blood was drawn from the rat tail vein in both groups, in order to determine serum activity levels of myocardial injury biomarkers, and an ECG (n = 6) was registered prior to the application, as well as 48h following the first dose of of saline solution or isoprenaline. Results: In comparison to the control group, in which no significant enzyme activities elevation (p > 0.05) nor ECG changes were registered, ISO group presented a significant rise of two clinically significant biomarkers of acute myocardial injury/myocardial infarction (AMI), CK (p = 0.05) and hsTnT (p < 0.01), as well as an ST segment elevation, with a patognomonic ECG change. Conclusion: Obtained results support previous studies, proving that isoprenaline represents an adequate experimental model for myocardial injury/AMI induction, and a \"golden standard\" for evaluating potential cardioprotective effects of pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapeutic modalities, with the ultimate goal of lowering the degree of lesions and improving post-infarction myocardium function.","PeriodicalId":31558,"journal":{"name":"Medicinski Podmladak","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71004792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}