P. Rybski, Franziska Zacharias, Jean-François Lett, O. Masoud, Maria L. Gini, N. Papanikolopoulos
{"title":"Using visual features to build topological maps of indoor environments","authors":"P. Rybski, Franziska Zacharias, Jean-François Lett, O. Masoud, Maria L. Gini, N. Papanikolopoulos","doi":"10.1109/ROBOT.2003.1241699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOT.2003.1241699","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the problem of localization and map construction by a mobile robot in an indoor environment. Instead of trying to build high-fidelity geometric maps, we focus on constructing topological maps, as they are lees sensitive to poor odometry estimates and position errors. We propose a method for incrementally building topological maps for a robot, which uses a panoramic camera to obtain images at various locations along its path and uses the features it tracks in the images to update the topological map. The method is very general and does not require the environment to have uniquely distinctive features.","PeriodicalId":315346,"journal":{"name":"2003 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (Cat. No.03CH37422)","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123508753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interactive rendering of deformable objects based on a filling sphere modeling approach","authors":"François Conti, O. Khatib, C. Baur","doi":"10.1109/ROBOT.2003.1242167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOT.2003.1242167","url":null,"abstract":"Mass-spring systems have widely and effectively been used for modeling in real-time deformable objects. Easier to implement and faster than finite elements, these systems, on the other side, suffer from several drawbacks when coming to render physically believable behaviors. Neither isotropic or anisotropic materials can be controlled easily and the large number of springs and mass points composing the model makes it fastidious to define parameters to control elongation, flexion and torsion at a macroscopic level. Another weakness is that most of the materials found in nature maintain a constant or quasi-constant volume during deformations; unfortunately, mass-spring models do not have this property. In this paper, we extend the current state-of-the-art in soft tissue simulation by introducing a six-degree of freedom macroscopic elastic sphere described by mass, inertia and volumetric properties. Spheres are placed along the medial axis transform of the object whose centers are connected by a skeleton composed of a set of three-dimensional elastic links. Spheres represent internal mass, volume and control the global deformation of the object. The surface is modeled by setting point masses on the mesh nodes and damped springs on the mesh edges. These nodes are connected to the skeleton by individual elastic links, which control volume conservation and transfer forces between the surface and volumetric model. Using this framework we also present an efficient method to approximate collision detection between multiple bodies in real-time.","PeriodicalId":315346,"journal":{"name":"2003 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (Cat. No.03CH37422)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115451833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Self-assembly in space via self-reconfigurable robots","authors":"Wei-Min Shen, P. Will, B. Khoshnevis","doi":"10.1109/ROBOT.2003.1241971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOT.2003.1241971","url":null,"abstract":"Self-assembly systems in space are arguably within the reach of today's technology based on the research and development of self-reconfigurable robots on earth. This paper presents an approach to self-assembly in space by developing: (1) a novel design for intelligent and reconfigurable components; (2) the free-flying \"intelligent fiber/rope\" \"match-maker\" robots with self-reconfigurable and self-adjustable tethering for autonomous docking; and (3) a totally distributed control method for planning, executing, and monitoring the assembly process. These approaches are partially evaluated by a set of experimental and simulation results to simulate the dynamics and control of free-flying objects in zero-gravity environment.","PeriodicalId":315346,"journal":{"name":"2003 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (Cat. No.03CH37422)","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115614885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cooperative task planning of multi-robot systems with temporal constraints","authors":"Feng‐Li Lian, R. Murray","doi":"10.1109/ROBOT.2003.1241969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOT.2003.1241969","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses a design methodology of cooperative trajectory generation for multi-robot systems. The trajectory of achieving cooperative tasks, i.e., with temporal constraints, is constructed by a nonlinear trajectory generation (NTG) algorithm. Three scenarios of multi-robot tasking are proposed at the cooperative task planning framework. The NTG algorithm is, then, used to generate real-time trajectory for desired robot activities. Given robot dynamics and constraints, the NTG algorithm first finds trajectory curves in a lower dimensional space and parameterizes the curves by a set of B-spline representations. The coefficients of the B-splines are further solved by sequential quadratic programming to satisfy the optimization objectives and constraints. The NTG algorithm has been implemented to generate real-time trajectories for a group of cooperative robots in the presence of spatial and temporal constraints. Finally, an illustrated example of cooperative task planning with temporal constraints is presented.","PeriodicalId":315346,"journal":{"name":"2003 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (Cat. No.03CH37422)","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115650594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An extensor mechanism for an anatomical robotic hand","authors":"D. Wilkinson, M. V. Weghe, Y. Matsuoka","doi":"10.1109/ROBOT.2003.1241602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOT.2003.1241602","url":null,"abstract":"The human finger possesses a structure called the extensor mechanism, a web-like collection of tendinuous material that lies on the dorsal side of each finger and connects the controlling muscles to the bones of the finger. In past robotic hand designs, extensor mechanisms have generally not been employed due in part to their complexity and a lack of understanding of their utility. This paper presents our first design and analysis effort of an artificial extensor mechanism. The goal of our analysis is to provide an understanding of the extensor mechanism's functionality so that we can extract the crucial features that need to be mimicked to construct an anatomical robotic hand. With the inclusion of an extensor mechanism, we believe that all possible human finger postures can be achieved using four cable driven actuators, we identified that this extensor mechanism gives independent control of the metacarpo-phalangeal (MCP) joint and acts not only as an extensor but also as a flexor, abductor, adductor, or rotator depending on the finger's posture.","PeriodicalId":315346,"journal":{"name":"2003 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (Cat. No.03CH37422)","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123152182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficient selection of scheduling rule combination by combining design of experiment and ordinal optimization-based simulation","authors":"B. Hsieh, Shi-Chung Chang, Chun-Hung Chen","doi":"10.1109/ROBOT.2003.1241590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOT.2003.1241590","url":null,"abstract":"In a fab with heterogeneous machine groups, the number of scheduling policies grows in a combinatorial way because each machine group has its specific dispatching rules. In this paper, we design a fast simulation methodology by an innovative combination of the notions of ordinal optimization (OO) and design of experiments (DOE) to efficiently select a good scheduling policy for fab operation, Instead of finding the exact performance among scheduling policies, our approach compares their relative orders of performance to a specified level of confidence. The DOE method is exploited to largely reduce the number of scheduling policies to be evaluated by the OO-based simulation. Simulation results of applications to scheduling wafer fabrications show that most of the OO-based DOE simulations require 2 to 3 orders of magnitude less computation time than those of traditional approach, and the speedup is up to 7,000 times in certain cases.","PeriodicalId":315346,"journal":{"name":"2003 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (Cat. No.03CH37422)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120944438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Han-Pang Huang, Yi-Hung Liu, Li-Wei Liu, Chun-Shin Wong
{"title":"EMG classification for prehensile postures using cascaded architecture of neural networks with self-organizing maps","authors":"Han-Pang Huang, Yi-Hung Liu, Li-Wei Liu, Chun-Shin Wong","doi":"10.1109/ROBOT.2003.1241803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOT.2003.1241803","url":null,"abstract":"Electromyograph (EMG) features have the properties of large variations and nonstationary issue in the classification of EMG is the classifier design. The major goal of this paper is to develop a classifier for the classification of eight kinds of prehensile postures to achieve high classification rate and reduce the online learning time. The cascaded architecture of neural networks with feature map (CANFM) is proposed to achieve the goal. The CANFM is composed of two kinds of neural networks: an unsupervised Kohonen's self-organizing map (SOM), and a supervised multi-layer feedforward neural network. Experimental results show that by extracting EMG features, forth-order autoregressive model (ARM) and histogram of EMG signals (IEMG), as inputs, the proposed CANFM can obtain and remain high classification rates compared with other classifiers, including k-nearest neighbor method (K-NN), fuzzy K-NN algorithm, and back-propagation neural network (BPNN) in several online testing.","PeriodicalId":315346,"journal":{"name":"2003 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (Cat. No.03CH37422)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121233950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luther R. Palmer, D. Orin, D. Marhefka, J. Schmiedeler, K. Waldron
{"title":"Intelligent control of an experimental articulated leg for a galloping machine","authors":"Luther R. Palmer, D. Orin, D. Marhefka, J. Schmiedeler, K. Waldron","doi":"10.1109/ROBOT.2003.1242183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOT.2003.1242183","url":null,"abstract":"Intelligent controllers are being used with increasing effectiveness on complex systems. This work verifies the effectiveness of fuzzy control, an intelligent method, on a single, articulated-leg that was designed to be used on a high-speed galloping quadruped. Intelligent methods are compared to other control methods in simulation and on the OSU DASH (Dynamic Articulated Structure for High-performance) leg. It is shown that the intelligent controllers outperform non-learning methods. Using fuzzy control, the OSU DASH leg performs stable hopping on a treadmill moving at 2.0 m/s.","PeriodicalId":315346,"journal":{"name":"2003 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (Cat. No.03CH37422)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124733161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Micromachined fluid ejector arrays for biotechnological and biomedical applications","authors":"G. Perçin, Göksin G. Yaralioglu, B. Khuri-Yakub","doi":"10.1109/ROBOT.2003.1242031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOT.2003.1242031","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present a micromachined flextensional droplet ejector array for use to eject liquids. By placing a fluid behind one face of a vibrating circular plate that has an orifice at its center, we achieve continuous and drop-on-demand ejection of the fluid. We present results of ejection of water and isopropanol. The ejector is harmless to sensitive fluids and can be used to eject fuels, organic polymers, photoresists, low-A dielectrics, adhesives, chemical and biological samples. Micromachined two-dimensional array flextensional droplet ejectors were realized using planar silicon micromachining techniques. Typical resonant frequency of the micromachined device ranges from 400 kHz to 4.5 MHz. The ejections of water thru 4 /spl mu/m diameter orifice at 3.45 MHz and 10 /spl mu/m diameter orifice at 2.15 MHz were demonstrated by using the developed micromachined two-dimensional array ejectors. The unique features of the device are that the fluid is not pressurized, the fluid container is chemically or biologically compatible with most fluids, and the vibrating plate contains the orifice as the ejection source.","PeriodicalId":315346,"journal":{"name":"2003 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (Cat. No.03CH37422)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125154978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of formation control of cooperative transportation of mother ship by SMC","authors":"M. Yamakita, Y. Taniguchi, Yuichirou Shukuya","doi":"10.1109/ROBOT.2003.1241715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOT.2003.1241715","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses a formation control of a multiple mobile robot system (MMRS) called super mechano-colony (SMC). First, we describe the SMC system composed of a mother ship and many agents as a prototype of MMRS. Second, we propose a cooperative transportation method of the mother ship with multiple agents, and the properties of the proposed method are analyzed using an experimental system.","PeriodicalId":315346,"journal":{"name":"2003 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (Cat. No.03CH37422)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125264088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}