Environmental safety and natural resources最新文献

{"title":"Prospects for new sites of wooly rhinoceros and mammoths on the territory of paleontological site in Starunia, Carpathian region","authors":"O. Adamenko, M. Mosiuk, S. Kachala, K. O. Radlowska","doi":"10.32347/2411-4049.2021.2.129-138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2021.2.129-138","url":null,"abstract":"An international geopark “Park of the Ice Age” located near the Starunia village in Bohorodchany district of Ivano-Frankivsk region is world-famous for being a paleontological site of Pleistocene fauna of the woolly rhinoceroses and mammoth (the Eemian interglacial period, 46–10 000 years ago according to radiocarbon dating C14) and for its mud volcano which is unique in the Carpathian region. This is a geological nature monument with an area of 60 hectares where abandoned ozokerite mine and oil and gas exploratory boreholes are presented. The detailed investigations carried out in the years 2004–2009 by Ukrainian-Polish expeditions were focused on discoveries of possible new sites of fauna fossils and human remains of European early modem humans (EEMH).The future discoveries at the paleontological site of Starunia are extremely important. They intend to carry out ecological assessment of soil, surface and stream waters, atmospheric air, snow, ashes of meadow grasses, radiological screening, and geo-radar sensing to find new locations of extinct mammals. The Starunia area meets all the requirements of a geopark according to UNESCO standards and concepts. The first research findings (1907) are connected with the remains of woolly rhinoceros, mammoth, horse, roe deer and other Pleistocene mammals which had been found in the ozokerite mine at the depth of 12 m near Starunia (Bohorodchany district, Ivano-Frankivsk region). In 1914 the scientists from Lviv (Ukraine) and Krakow (Poland) fully appreciated these discoveries and published a set of articles and a monograph. In 1929 the members of the expedition of Skill Academy (Krakow, Poland) found the remains of three more woolly rhinoceroses in the ozokerite mine at the depth of 17 m. Numerous bones of vertebrates (rodents), remains of mussels, a lot of species of insects, beetles, parasitic worms, fleas, butterflies, spiders, snails, vascular plants, mosses, seeds and branches of dwarf birch (Betula Nana), alder (Alnus glutinosa), and other fossil of tundra flora were also discovered. Polish scientists organized detailed investigations of flora and fauna around Starunia, their results were published in articles but the World War II suspended this process. The investigations around Starunia intensified the comprehensive study of stratigraphy, paleontology, paleogeography, geochronology and other aspects of the Quaternary Period. In 1932 there was established the International Geological Congress (the International Union of Quaternary Study) by INQUA in Leningrad. The main methodological principals of this study dealt with the investigations around Starunia.","PeriodicalId":313972,"journal":{"name":"Environmental safety and natural resources","volume":"223 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128860219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substantiation of the calculation methods of the nitrogen removing (nitrification) in bioreactors with using on the biofilm models","authors":"O. Oliynyk, Sergiy V. Telyma, Y. Kalugin, Yevheniy O. Oliynyk","doi":"10.32347/2411-4049.2021.2.18-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2021.2.18-38","url":null,"abstract":"The mathematic model and calculations of the waste waters cleaning parameters from the compounds ammonium nitrogen (nitrification) in bioreactors with additional using in theirs volume the fixed biocenosis as the biofilm are presented. The valuation of the different influence factors on the waste waters cleaning parameters is given. The kinetics of reaction according to Monod nonlinear equation is used that allow to calculate the nitrogen concentrations on the external and in the interior biofilm surfaces and to evaluate the efficiency of the biofilm work of the given thickness relative to penetration character of the nitrogen pollutions in it. As showed the biofilm thickness and the flow in it are decreasing as the tearing off velocity of the biomass from its surface is increasing where as at increasing of the nitrogen concentrations these parameters are increasing. At this the substrate flow and the penetration depth into the biofilm are the functions of the substrate concentration on the biofilm surface, velocity of the reaction within it and the diffusive masstransfer. As a main parameter for evaluation of the oxygen influence for control of the process of ammonium oxidation to nitrite the relation of the concentrations oxygen to ammonium nitrogen is proposed. The specific examples and calculations have showed the given relation may be better alternative for control of the nitrification processes in reactor in comparison with oxygen concentration.","PeriodicalId":313972,"journal":{"name":"Environmental safety and natural resources","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129697846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the dependence between climatic factors and Covid-19 disease incidence","authors":"O. Mitryasova, A. Pryhodko","doi":"10.32347/2411-4049.2021.2.94-103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2021.2.94-103","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of research consists in definition and an estimation of climatic factors influence on disease incidence of Covid-19 on an example of Mykolaiv city. In research we used such scientific methods: theoretical methods: analysis, synthesis, monitoring, systematization, generalization. For research facility, were held by calculations based on software Microsoft Excel. The calculations were performed using the formula correlation. Results. The study examines the influence of climatic factors such as air temperature, humidity, solar radiation activity, wind speed, rainfall, and length of daylight. For the pair «Disease incidence – Temperature» the correlation coefficient is −0.74. For the pair «Disease incidence − Solar Radiation» correlation coefficient is −0.71. For the pair «Disease incidence – Daylight hours» correlation coefficient is −0.70. Humidity, as a derivative of air temperature, is evidenced by a comparison of decline periods and growth of these values. In the spring, along with the increase in temperature, the humidity dropped, and in the fall, when the air temperature dropped, the humidity increased. This factor also affected the spread of the virus in the second half of the year, when the humidity increased the virus began to spread faster. For the pair «Disease incidence – Humidity» correlation coefficient is +0.73 (average direct correlation). Other climatic factors, such as wind speed and rainfall, have not been shown to have a significant effect on the rate of disease spread. For the pair «Disease incidence − Wind speed» correlation coefficient is +0.32, which corresponds to a weak direct correlation. For the pair «Disease incidence − Rainfall» correlation coefficient is −0.30, which indicates a weak inverse correlation. Conclusion. The results of the study show that the reduction of disease incidence is observed at high temperatures, high activity of solar radiation, and prolonged daylight, which determines the conditions for the prevention of such diseases and will improve the quality of life to achieve sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":313972,"journal":{"name":"Environmental safety and natural resources","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116484576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ways of reduction of environmental risks of slag heaps of metallurgical enterprises, Ukraine","authors":"Viktoriia O. Khrutba, Julia S. Nikitchenko, Lesya І. Кriukovska, V. Lukianova, O. Spasichenko","doi":"10.32347/2411-4049.2021.2.39-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2021.2.39-54","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this work is a quantitative assessment of the level of reduction of environmental risks of slag heaps of metallurgical enterprises with the use of metallurgical slag as an alternative road construction material.Methods. Quantitative analysis of the emergence of the risk of environmental hazard is carried out in accordance with the \"Methodology for determining the risks and their adopted levels for the declaration of safety of objects of high danger\", which determines the procedure for conducting a hazard analysis and risk assessment of high-risk objects, which is carried out through the definition of the probability of undesirable consequences of accidents on based scripts for their emergence and development. For the risk assessment, a logical-probabilistic hazard response scheme in the form of a \"failure tree\" is constructed and analyzed, which is a form of an ordered graphical representation of the logical-probabilistic connection of random events that results in an undesirable result. The calculation of road surface design with alternative road-building materials is carried out in accordance with the VBN V.2.3-218-186-2004 \"Construction of vehicles. Non-rigid type of road clothes\" taking into account the requirements of the GBN V.2.3-218-007: 2012 \"Environmental requirements for highways Designing\".Results. To determine the main causes of environmental hazards in the dumps of metallurgical combines and the nature of their impact on the environment, a tree of problems has been constructed that allows us to determine the main causes of a high level of environmental hazard and the emergence of hazardous situations, namely, the large volumes of metallurgical waste stored on the territory of dumps. For the dumps around the steel mills in Mariupol a \"tree of failure\" was built and the probability of occurrence of an ecologically dangerous situation or an accident which is connected with places of storage of metallurgical deposits of PJSC \"Azovstal Iron and Steel Works\" and PJSC \"Mariupol Iron and Steel Works named after Ilyich\" is calculated. The risk of the risk of storing slags in the dumps of metallurgical combines of the occurrence of the main event is 0.636. The main environmental hazards are the amount of slag and slag dust in the dump area. Design of road clothing with the use of metallurgical slags. The content of metallurgical slag in the proposed designs of the DO reaches 25 ... 32%. The use of metallurgical slags, which are low-toxic waste, that is, waste of Class IV hazard, in road construction will reduce the level of existing environmental risk, provided the metallurgical slags of consumer properties.Scientific novelty. As a result of the performed research, an effective approach to reduce the environmental risks of slag heats of steel mills was identified through the use of large volumes of slag as an alternative road construction material. The design of road clothing for the construction of roads of different categorie","PeriodicalId":313972,"journal":{"name":"Environmental safety and natural resources","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131213545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of formation of ecological-technogenic and social threats of life safety in the coal industry zone of Donbass","authors":"Oleksii Pyrikov, S. Chumachenko, Yevhenii О. Yakovlev","doi":"10.32347/2411-4049.2021.2.5-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2021.2.5-17","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the need to form an information-analytical complex of natural-technogenic geosystem (NTGS) of Donbass \"regional technogenic complex – environment\" as a tool base for building a model of ecological and economic development. Donbass (area up to 5.8 thousand km2 with a population of more than 4 million people) is a technogenic-geological system (TGS) (\"regional technogenic complex – geological environment\"). In addition, there are more than 4,000 potentially dangerous objects within the PTGS of Donbass. The predominance of regional irreversible changes in the ecological parameters of the geological environment as the main \"depot\" of the technogenesis effects (deformation of the earth's surface, geochemical pollution of landscapes, surface and groundwater, biodiversity loss, etc.) necessitates the preservation of its ecological resources for further socio-economic recovery of the Donbass region. Comparison of the impact of natural resource potential of the geological environment (GS) of Donbass and the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone showed the fundamental importance of balancing the interaction of the lithosphere with the surface hydrosphere, near-surface atmosphere and biosphere for the formation of socio-economic parameters and safety of life activity. Flooding of coal mines and rising of groundwater level to surface are the critical ecological factors of post-mining situation within Donbas. The performed analysis of ecological and technogenic parameters of NTGS of mining areas within Donbass also showed that in case of further increase in the number of flooded mines, advanced scientific development of maximum allowable changes in the environment is necessary. It is also noted that all selected tools for the formation of life safety should have a clear justification of socio-economic and environmental-technological parameters. All this should provide an opportunity to assess the efficiency of the ecological and economic system, methods of its construction and possible forecasting.","PeriodicalId":313972,"journal":{"name":"Environmental safety and natural resources","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116616471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism to determine quantitatively characterize the level of concentration of pollutants emissions road transport","authors":"V. Trysnyuk, V. Shumeiko, Yuriy M. Holowan","doi":"10.32347/2411-4049.2021.2.79-93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2021.2.79-93","url":null,"abstract":"The basic mechanisms of pollution of the surface atmosphere and upper soil layer emission car transport roadside strip. Road transport, together with heavy industry, is one of the main air pollutants. Exhaust gases, crankcase gases, smoke, soot lead to complex chemical reactions in the surface layer of the atmosphere. Presented a number of methods to assess the level of contamination, analyses their strengths and weaknesses. Considered methodology issuance previous forecast spread of contamination including disturbing factors and their impact on the concentration of contaminants, as well as mathematical tools to determine the quantitative characteristics of concentration levels pollutants substances. The developed methodology is one of the ways to issue a preliminary forecast of the spread of pollution, taking into account disturbing factors in the presence of a priori data. This methodology takes into account a set of factors influencing the level of pollution concentration and the empirically obtained functional dependences of the influence of each of the disturbing components on the level of pollution. The constructed model of interaction of the established factors in the form of the graph of interaction characterizes causal relations.","PeriodicalId":313972,"journal":{"name":"Environmental safety and natural resources","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114519760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scientific and theoretical justification of solid household waste accumulation in Zhytomyr Region","authors":"I. Kotsіuba, S. Lyko, V. Lukianova, Y. Anpilova","doi":"10.32347/2411-4049.2020.4.56-65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2020.4.56-65","url":null,"abstract":"Practical experience of solid domestic waste (MSW) management in Ukraine and developed countries is analyzed. Theoretical volumes of MSW accumulation taking into account statistical factors are studied. The generalized method of MSW accumulation volumes allows forecasting their formation from the factors and evaluating the morphological composition of MSW in the region. The system for optimizing community waste management at the collection and disposal stage with the quality of the optimality criterion has been proposed. The degree of recycling and the costs of collecting and transporting waste should be taken as a criterion for optimising the urban waste management system at the collection and disposal stage. The quality analysis of the waste management system in the Zhytomyr region made it possible to identify the main problems in municipal waste management and the main reasons for their occurrence. The survey shows that the main problem in the area of waste management is the low efficiency of the existing management system, accompanied by the introduction of outdated and inefficient management methods with the lack of effective interaction of all participants in the waste management process and, above all, the lack of public involvement in solving the problem. The authors concluded that at the present time Zhytomyr city and Zhytomyr Region faced the following problems in the area of solid waste management: the number of spontaneous landfills has increased; the number of modern waste collection bins is insufficient and there are no bins for separate waste collection; the quality of solid waste collection services is inadequate; there is no recycling plant in Zhytomyr; large amount of household waste in the city landfill and absence of monitoring of its impact on the environment.","PeriodicalId":313972,"journal":{"name":"Environmental safety and natural resources","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122398551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prospects of green building developing in Ukraine on example of Poland","authors":"Тetiana Kryvomaz, Justyna Chmielewska, Tetiana Kanashchuk","doi":"10.32347/2411-4049.2020.4.20-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2020.4.20-31","url":null,"abstract":"This study is an analysis of the data and trends observed in green construction in Ukraine and Poland. Ukraine started developing green building in 2011 and Poland begin in 2008, but despite on little chronologic distance, modern situation in construction industry of these countries has dramatic differences. For today Poland is the leader of Eastern Europe green building with 845 certified objects and four new projects on average are registering every week, while less than 10 certificated green buildings present in all Ukraine. BREEAM is the most popular green certification system in Europe and share 76.8% of total green building market in Poland, but also LEED takes significant shares in education and hotel business, all HQE projects relate to housing, and DGNB appear in logistic and retail. The most perspective sustainable tendency in Poland is increasing green building projects in educational, logistic and industrial sectors. It is could be good example for Ukraine, as well as growing green certification of industrial buildings and residential real estate. Evidence is growing that green buildings bring multiple benefits and driving economic growth around the world. For Ukraine the key factors are promote sustainability in major building companies, create a favorable investment climate, and enlist government support to developing green building.","PeriodicalId":313972,"journal":{"name":"Environmental safety and natural resources","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133223310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of climate change on soil fertility in the Central region of Azerbaijan","authors":"F. T. Jafarov, M. Mustafayev","doi":"10.32347/2411-4049.2020.2.81-87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2020.2.81-87","url":null,"abstract":"Global warming also contributes to ongoing land degradation. Higher temperatures have become more frequent in recent years, which has led to desertification and land degradation due to reduced rainfall and increased evaporation. The problem of desertification is very important for Azerbaijan, located in dry climate. The deterioration of potential and effective indicators of land fertility inherent in the central part of Azerbaijan has become a consistent and irreversible process. In most natural areas, a decrease in humus, which is a very important indicator of fertility, is a serious warning and should be seen as an environmental crisis or soil degradation. To maintain soil fertility, a system of land reclamation and agroreclamation measures can be applied. Besides of these measures it is also possible through the use of new technologies (Conservation Agriculture) to maintain soil fertility. Conservative (protected) systems are not just a technique, but simply a type of approach. Following list of technologies is using on conservative agriculture: • Laser surface alignment; • Preservation of plant residue in the area; • Reduction of soil plowing (minimum cultivation) or lowering the plow to zero; • Application of turn cultivation system. This type of cultivation is also called a sow or a direct sow. Conservative agriculture based on reduction of plowing or reset plowing. Additionally, it is important to apply plant debris on soil surface and it should be combined with sequence cultivation.","PeriodicalId":313972,"journal":{"name":"Environmental safety and natural resources","volume":"16 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123661649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green standards for improving office activities in new conditions","authors":"Тetyana I. Kryvomaz, N. Karpenko","doi":"10.32347/2411-4049.2020.2.5-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2020.2.5-21","url":null,"abstract":"The pandemic COVID-19 and quarantine have forced companies to restructure their office work for efficiency increase in crisis situations. Green standards can help, because they have harmonious combination of environmental, economic and social aspects. Recommendations for restructuring office work include reorganization of work schedules with the expansion of work from home, virtual meetings with using modern communication technologies, re-equipment of office space according to the requirements of social distance, innovative measures to improve working conditions and indoor environmental quality, new rules of interaction in public places, strengthening hygiene and disinfection of premises to improve safety. The application of green standards in office activities reduces the negative impact of the organization on the environment, promotes efficient management of resources and energy saving, optimizes procurement and waste management, improves the quality and comfort of the indoor environment, save health and efficiency of employees, which has a positive impact on economic and the company's reputation.","PeriodicalId":313972,"journal":{"name":"Environmental safety and natural resources","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133597590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}