Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science最新文献_第5页

Readability, stability, and internal consistency of a new psychometric inventory on evidence-based practice in physiotherapy 一种新的心理测量量表在物理治疗循证实践中的可读性、稳定性和内部一致性

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2021-12-25 DOI: 10.57046/aeak8679

Joseph Balogun, Adetoyeje Y. Oyeyemi, C. Mbada, F. Awoleye, David Olakorede, Adetutu O. Balogun

{"title":"Readability, stability, and internal consistency of a new psychometric inventory on evidence-based practice in physiotherapy","authors":"Joseph Balogun, Adetoyeje Y. Oyeyemi, C. Mbada, F. Awoleye, David Olakorede, Adetutu O. Balogun","doi":"10.57046/aeak8679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57046/aeak8679","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence-based practice (EBP) has, in the last decade, gained global prominence in health care professions because it provides the framework for lifelong and self-directed learning. These traits are crucial for the continued provision of quality health care. This study sets out to develop a culturally appropriate instrument to measure physiotherapists' knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors relative to the use of EBP and establish the instruments' psychometric properties. A 53-item EBP inventory that consisted of seven parts sociodemographic, EBP competence and behaviors, perceived knowledge of EBP, perceived skills and resources, attitudes about EBP, and barriers related to the use of EBP was created. Theinstrument was administered to 25 physiotherapists within a two-week interval on two occasions. The Flesch-Kincaid Reading Ease and Flesch-Kincaid scores for the instrument were 49.5 and 8.3, respectively. Its Cronbach alpha range from \"fair\" (0.333, p<.001) to \"almost perfect\" (0.837, p<.001). The test-retest (stability) scores for the instrument parts were significantly (?2 = 4.738, p<.038) different for only one (competence on EBP) of the seven factors. The overall findings revealed the instrument is relatively easy to comprehend, highly stable, and internally consistent. The availability of this instrument will promote further studies of EBP in physiotherapy.","PeriodicalId":312312,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127897510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Environmental contribution to antimicrobial resistance: A largely ignored global health issue 环境对抗菌素耐药性的影响:一个在很大程度上被忽视的全球健康问题

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2021-12-25 DOI: 10.57046/geju2863

A. Mustapha, I. Allamin, H. Ismail, U. Eze, M. Ibrahim, R. Bello, A. Faruq

{"title":"Environmental contribution to antimicrobial resistance: A largely ignored global health issue","authors":"A. Mustapha, I. Allamin, H. Ismail, U. Eze, M. Ibrahim, R. Bello, A. Faruq","doi":"10.57046/geju2863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57046/geju2863","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental contribution to the continued occurrence of antibiotic resistance has been largely unexplored. There has been much focus on clinical isolates for their resistant nature but non-clinical bacterial isolates in the environment have been considered as the chief contributing factors that facilitate the spread and dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ABR) and antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs). The natural environment acts as a reservoir for bacteria, providing them with a favourable condition for their emergence and breeding of resistance. One such environmental leverage is inter/intra-specie exchange of genes encoding resistance factors. It was argued that human activities aid immensely in the emergence of antibiotic resistance in the environment. The rationale for this review is to examine extensively the complex interplay of antibiotic resistance from the natural environmental perspective and factors that influence the occurrence and dissemination of such resistance. It also seeks to stress the biological factors that facilitate the emergence of resistance and link it to general biological processes. The review has been structured to capture the general threat posed by the circulation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and their genes, as well as the influence of the environment in contributing to this global health threat. In addition, the review looked at the effective methods used to tackle the silent pandemic, by controlling the spread of resistance in the environment. Environmental stakeholders and policymakers are recommended to be included in tackling the development of antibiotic resistance.","PeriodicalId":312312,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125225880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Computing systems in a pseudomarine operational environment: design and initial test results 伪海洋操作环境中的计算系统:设计和初步测试结果

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2021-12-25 DOI: 10.57046/xzlc5618

A. Periola, S.T. Adegbola, R. Salami

{"title":"Computing systems in a pseudomarine operational environment: design and initial test results","authors":"A. Periola, S.T. Adegbola, R. Salami","doi":"10.57046/xzlc5618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57046/xzlc5618","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary research recognizes the need to reduce the cooling costs of data centre systems. This is beneficial and also reduces the operational costs. The operational costs can be reduced by using water for cooling instead of relying on conventional cooling systems comprising airconditioners, chillers and cooling towers. The cooling effect of water can be leveraged by siting the underwater data centre in a marine or pseudomarine environment. A pseudomarine environment is considered here since it overcomes the operational challenges associated with obtaining the regulatory permits required to access the marine environment. In addition, the discussion in the paper presents the design of a desktop computing system that uses water for cooling in a pseudomarine environment. The performance test of the desktop computing system is conducted in Oyo, Oyo State Nigeria. This is done to examine the viability of designing and using minidata centres sited in a pseudomarine environment in Nigeria. The initial results indicate that a personal desktop computer in the role of the mini data centre is able to support the execution of software installation without the use of conventional cooling i.e fans for a period exceeding 25 minutes. In this case, the cooling is realized using the emulated pseudo marine environment.","PeriodicalId":312312,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science","volume":"44 10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121180320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Modifying cooking banana starch using octenyl succinic anhydride improves the amylose-amylopectin ratio of starch. A chemometrics approach 用辛烯基丁二酸酐对煮熟香蕉淀粉进行改性，提高了淀粉的直链淀粉和支链淀粉的比例。化学计量学方法

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2021-12-25 DOI: 10.57046/tvab8843

Babatunde Olawoye

引用次数: 0

Challenges and Opportunities in Lassa fever Control Efforts in Nigeria 尼日利亚拉沙热控制工作的挑战和机遇

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2021-10-30 DOI: 10.57046/mqox8712

Arise Happi, Chinedu A. Ugwu, K. Akano, C. Happi

{"title":"Challenges and Opportunities in Lassa fever Control Efforts in Nigeria","authors":"Arise Happi, Chinedu A. Ugwu, K. Akano, C. Happi","doi":"10.57046/mqox8712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57046/mqox8712","url":null,"abstract":"Lassa fever is a viral zoonotic tropical disease endemic in parts of West Africa. It causes substantial mortality, morbidity and economic burdens on affected populations. The year 2019 marked the 50th anniversary of the first diagnosis of Lassa fever in Nigeria. Over the years, a few and sporadic intervention measures have been undertaken to control Lassa fever in Nigeria. However, the disease has remained a burden due to neglect, and apathy from the Government. Here we highlight the Lassa fever control efforts so far undertaken in Nigeria. We also point to some challenges and opportunities for effective Lassa fever control efforts. In addition, we proposed few Lassa fever control measures, which vary from advocacies, training of local communities and health workers in the use of rapid, cheap diagnostic tools. We also propose an integrated genomic surveillance platform that utilizes one health approach, in tracking and tackling Lassa fever, as the key future of Lassa fever control effort. In this review, we present IGOHRAL, an integrated genomic platform that utilizes clinical, genomic and epidemiological data in a one-health approach to tackle Lassa fever problem. Lassa fever (LF) is a serious viral hemorrhagic fever endemic in West Africa. The history of Lassa fever virus (LVS) in Nigeria is that of neglect, wickedness and apathy (Akpede et al., 2018). Lassa virus was first diagnosed in a missionary hospital in Nigeria in 1969 (Carey et al., 1972). There was an outbreak of a febrile illness involving hospital staff and those who visited the hospitals. The aetiology was later confirmed to be LVS. Prior to this outbreak, there have been several descriptions of illness resembling LF (Monath, 1975). However, a genomics study by Anderson et al. later confirmed that the LVS emerged in present day Nigeria over 1060 years ago (Andersen et al., 2015).","PeriodicalId":312312,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131315899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cholera in Nigeria: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Response - A Review 尼日利亚霍乱:流行病学、危险因素和应对综述

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2021-10-30 DOI: 10.57046/jybj8296

B. Salako, A. Ajayi, S. Smith

引用次数: 0

Effects of New Biological Threats on Health Security and Safety in Nigeria: Looking Back and Looking Forward 新的生物威胁对尼日利亚卫生安全和安全的影响:回顾和展望

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2021-10-30 DOI: 10.57046/rqob1598

F. Okonofua

{"title":"Effects of New Biological Threats on Health Security and Safety in Nigeria: Looking Back and Looking Forward","authors":"F. Okonofua","doi":"10.57046/rqob1598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57046/rqob1598","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past decades, several old and new infectious diseases have featured as major contributors to Nigeria’s health vulnerability, with evidence indicating that sufficient gains are yet to be made in tackling their dominance. Since the colonial and post-colonial periods, Nigeria has witnessed several episodes of serious biological threats from small pox, yellow fever, poliomyelitis, rabies, measles, plaque and several others – and it took years of sustained efforts to reduce their prevalence. Indeed, over the succeeding years, infectious diseases such as dengue fever, lymphatic filariasis, trachoma, leishmaniosis, buruli ulcer, leprosy, dracunculiasis (guinea worm) and Chagas disease became so dominant and sustained within the African region that for lack of a better definition, they have been collectively referred to as “neglected tropical diseases” (NTD) (WHO, 2010). NTD became a dominant lexicon for describing about 20 diseases that had been “neglected” within international programmatic focus and the fact that they affect the world’s largest communities and individuals. To date, the World Health Organization (WHO, 2021) estimates that NTDs affect about one billion persons worldwide, with the majority being residents in sub-Saharan African countries and other low-income countries around the world. Despite the continued expansion of the spheres of these infections, very limited progress has yet been made in restraining the health and social impact of the NTDs, especially in low and middle-income countries.","PeriodicalId":312312,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132822055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Yellow Fever in Nigeria: A Review of Past, Current, and Future Strides 尼日利亚的黄热病:回顾过去、现在和未来的进展

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2021-10-08 DOI: 10.5423/PNGAS.V14I1S.330

A. B. Onoja, Temitope O. C. Faleye, J. Adeniji, R. Audu, S. Omilabu, B. Salako

引用次数: 0

Collaboration of Industry with Academia: The Engine of Industrialisation and Development 产学研合作:工业化与发展的引擎

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.57046/cpvm9605

Adegbola Akinola

{"title":"Collaboration of Industry with Academia: The Engine of Industrialisation and Development","authors":"Adegbola Akinola","doi":"10.57046/cpvm9605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57046/cpvm9605","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examined and illuminated with examples the ways and means of creating the environment for science and technology research to flourish. It underpins the creation of virile industrial production base as the trigger for research to plume; and consequently, prescribes the key to a sustainable research funding and mutually benefiting collaboration and symbiotic partnership between the industry and academia. It is shown, using comparative analysis, that a sine qua non for the creation of sustainable industrial base is urgent completion of Ajaokuta, NIOMCO, ALUMCO and making other metals, iron, steel and machine tools companies functional; as this generates spinoff industries, promotes beneficiation of local raw materials, expands manufacturing companies in magnitude and number; thereby create wealth to fund government budget and hence, research. It is further established that having correct policies, institutional and governmental, which include pertinent tax regime with rebate rights; and getting every company of specified grade to have a Research Unit locally in the country, provides needed framework for research and collaboration. It is also noted the effect in reducing cost and saving forex for infrastructures (e.g. rail lines, power, dams, etc.); as such, freeing money to fund intensive research, education, health and municipal services. Hence, unleash the benefits accruable to Industry, Academia, citizens; and the consequence on human development index (HDI) and the country at large. It is concluded, that the issue with Nigeria is not dearth of proficient researchers to do quality cutting-edge research, but lack of environment, wherewithal: industrial production base, policy, legal framework, weak political will and discipline to drive any policy. Ways to obviate these barriers to engender research and collaboration with industry beyond the usual concept of local content are elucidated in the paper.","PeriodicalId":312312,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130457105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Usability Study on Textual and Graphical Passwords 文本密码和图形密码的可用性研究

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.57046/wqxy9451

A. Sakpere, Toluwalase Ologundudu

{"title":"Usability Study on Textual and Graphical Passwords","authors":"A. Sakpere, Toluwalase Ologundudu","doi":"10.57046/wqxy9451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57046/wqxy9451","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most common methods used for authentication are passwords, in particular textual passwords. However, maintaining multiple textual passwords across various websites or information systems could be an overwhelming task especially when it comes to memorability. An alternative is Graphical passwords as pictures could be easier to recollect. Pictures on the other hand could be memory intensive. As a result, this research explores the use of graphical and textual passwords by integrating the strong points of both password scheme thereby providing stronger authentication platform that may be difficult for attackers to break. The use of a background image for memorability and security purpose was adopted in the implementation of the graphical scheme. A usability experiment was carried out with users from diverse background. The users were given the developed system that integrates the two password applications to use. A questionnaire was then administered to enable them share their user experience. Results from the evaluation of the system showed high level of acceptance of the use of a graphical password scheme from participants, even though it was a relatively new concept to them. In particular, 82% of the users preferred graphical passwords as a more secure scheme against the other 18% who preferred the use of a textual password. The textual password length and combination was simplified by avoiding excessive length since the graphical password augmented in terms of security. Overall, 77% of the participants were able to successfully carry out each task highlighted in the questionnaire.","PeriodicalId":312312,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116623026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0