PRX EnergyPub Date : 2024-06-06DOI: 10.1103/prxenergy.3.023005
Francesco Giacomarra, G. Bet, A. Zocca
{"title":"Generating Synthetic Power Grids Using Exponential Random Graph Models","authors":"Francesco Giacomarra, G. Bet, A. Zocca","doi":"10.1103/prxenergy.3.023005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/prxenergy.3.023005","url":null,"abstract":"Synthetic power grids enable real-world energy system simulations and are crucial for algorithm testing, resilience assessment, and policy formulation. We propose a novel method for the generation of synthetic transmission power grids using exponential random graph (ERG) models. Our two main contributions are (1) the formulation of an ERG model tailored specifically for capturing the topological nuances of power grids and (2) a general procedure for estimating the parameters of such a model conditioned on working with connected graphs. From a modeling perspective, we identify edge counts per bus type and k-triangles as crucial topological characteristics for synthetic power-grid generation. From a technical perspective, we develop a rigorous methodology to estimate the parameters of an ERG constrained to the space of connected graphs. The proposed model is flexible, easy to implement, and successfully captures the desired topological properties of power grids.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Published by the American Physical Society\u0000 2024\u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":311086,"journal":{"name":"PRX Energy","volume":"19 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141379103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anomalous Photocurrent Reversal for the Same Polarization Direction in van der Waals Ferroelectric \u0000<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Cu</mml:mi><mml:mi>In</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">P</mml:mi></mml:mrow>","authors":"Yinxin Bai, Wei Hao, Yanghe Wang, Junjiang Tian, Chuanshou Wang, Yunlin Lei, Yihao Yang, Xiaodong Yao, Qihang Liu, Changjian Li, Mingqiang Gu, Junling Wang","doi":"10.1103/prxenergy.3.023004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/prxenergy.3.023004","url":null,"abstract":"The bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) in ferroelectric materials has attracted much attention due to its above-band-gap photovoltage and switchable photoresponse. However, the exact correlation between the photocurrent and spontaneous polarization remains unclear. Here, we report an anomalous reversal of the photocurrent, even for the same polarization direction, in van der Waals (vdW) ferroelectric CuInP2S6 (CIPS). Careful analysis reveals that the relocation of Cu ions into the vdW gap upon thickness reduction causes the current reversal, even though it does not change the polarization direction. By combining theoretical and experimental studies, we show clearly the decoupling of the BPVE photocurrent and electric polarization. This discovery significantly improves our understanding of the BPVE and demonstrates yet another example of the lattice dimensionality effect in vdW ferroelectrics.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Published by the American Physical Society\u0000 2024\u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":311086,"journal":{"name":"PRX Energy","volume":"139 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141114652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}