South African Journal of Sports Medicine最新文献

{"title":"The South African Rugby Injury and Illness Surveillance and Prevention Project (SARIISPP): SARU Boys' Youth Week Injury Surveillance Report, 2024.","authors":"","doi":"10.17159/2078-516X/2026/v38i1a24858","DOIUrl":"10.17159/2078-516X/2026/v38i1a24858","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31065,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"38 1","pages":"v38i1a24858"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13148791/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating Adversity: Non-Completion and Evacuation of Trail Runners at the 2022 Magoebaskloof Forest Marathon.","authors":"T E Maleka, A Jansen Van Rensburg, C Viljoen, G Ramkilawon, D A Ramagole, A Nair, Dc Janse van Rensburg","doi":"10.17159/2078-516X/2026/v38i1a23943","DOIUrl":"10.17159/2078-516X/2026/v38i1a23943","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Trail running occurs on natural, uneven terrain. The literature is limited in exploring factors that contribute to trail runners not completing a race.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study firstly investigated self-reported reasons for runners who did not finish (DNF) the 2022 Magoebaskloof Forest Marathon across 10km, 20km, 34km, and 50km distances, and secondly assessed runners' evacuation methods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive cross-sectional study of consenting trail runners (n=429) who completed the post-race DNF survey (10km, 20km, 34km and 50km distances). Within two weeks post-race, runners reported whether they finished, reasons for discontinuing and evacuation methods. We report numbers (n) and point prevalence (%).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 228 runners who completed the post-race survey, 16 (7%) DNF. DNF runners entered the 34 km (19%) and 50 km distance (81%) and were aged 31-50 years (94%). No DNFs occurred in the 10km and 20km races. Approximately 27% did not meet cut-off times, while 19% got lost despite trail directions. Other contributing factors included pre-existing and new injuries (23%), illnesses (15%), and inadequate training (8%). While 50% of the DNF group had >5 years total running experience, only 19% had >5 years of trail running experience. Runners who finished the trail race had significantly more trail running experience than those who DNF (p=0.0082). The primary evacuation method was hiking back to the nearest aid station (63%), with 19% subsequently transported by shuttle.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Multiple factors may have contributed to the race non-completion. Many DNF runners started with injuries or illnesses, inadequate training, or limited trail-running experience. Event planners should improve measures to prevent runners from getting lost. These findings emphasise the importance of preparation, navigation skills, and race management in ensuring trail running safety and success.</p>","PeriodicalId":31065,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"38 1","pages":"v38i1a23943"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13148790/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an integrated injury prevention and rehabilitation model for rugby and long-distance running: A qualitative consensus approach.","authors":"S Ferreira, L Lategan, E Verhagen","doi":"10.17159/2078-516X/2026/v38i1a23613","DOIUrl":"10.17159/2078-516X/2026/v38i1a23613","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sports injuries remain a significant challenge to athletes' health, performance, and long-term participation, particularly in high-contact and endurance sports. Existing prevention frameworks often lack sport-specific adaptability and integration with rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to develop and refine an Integrated Injury Prevention and Rehabilitation Model (IIPRM) through a qualitative, multi-phase consensus process.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A three-stage, sequential qualitative design was used. Stage 1 was a scoping review of injury risks and prevention strategies in rugby and long-distance running to identify core concepts for the model. Stage 2 used a modified e-Delphi with experts (n=22; three rounds), with consensus predefined as ≥75% agreement; panel retention was 100% across Rounds 1-3 and 18.2% attrition in Round 4. Stakeholder focus groups (n=10) were used to refine clarity, feasibility, and contextual relevance. Stage 3 combined the final fourth Delphi round and focus-group feedback to build consensus and validate the model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across Delphi rounds, 82% of items reached the ≥75% consensus threshold by Round 2, with remaining items achieving consensus in Round 3. The final IIPRM is a cyclical, athlete-centred framework integrating primary and secondary prevention through education, pre-participation screening, risk-targeted interventions, functional reintegration, and continuous monitoring. Stakeholder input prompted the inclusion of psychological readiness screening, enhanced recovery education, and seasonal alignment of interventions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The IIPRM provides a conceptually practical and adaptable approach to injury prevention and rehabilitation, positioned to facilitate interdisciplinary collaboration and long-term athlete health. As the model has not yet been implemented or evaluated, future research should examine its feasibility, effectiveness, and transferability across sports.</p>","PeriodicalId":31065,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"38 1","pages":"v38i1a23613"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13034982/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147595100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonspecific lower back pain in overhead athletes is multifactorial and is not solely determined by the type and intensity of the sport.","authors":"J Finsterer","doi":"10.17159/2078-516X/2026/v38i1a24875","DOIUrl":"10.17159/2078-516X/2026/v38i1a24875","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31065,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"38 1","pages":"v38i1a24875"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13034979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147595109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Athletes' optimal brain care at risk: Should vestibular-ocular motor screening replace established neurocognitive protocols?","authors":"A B Shuttleworth-Edwards, V J Whitefield-Alexander","doi":"10.17159/2078-516X/2026/v38i1a25038","DOIUrl":"10.17159/2078-516X/2026/v38i1a25038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent recommendations in South Africa propose replacing validated neurocognitive baseline and post-injury assessment with NeuroFlex, a vestibular-ocular motor test, as part of a proposed new paradigm in concussion management. This commentary examines the clinical, regulatory, and ethical implications of excluding neurocognitive testing and removing neuropsychologist oversight from concussion protocols. Available evidence indicates that NeuroFlex does not currently hold FDA clearance and lacks validation for concussion identification. In contrast, established platforms such as ImPACT and Sway Medical possess FDA clearance and robust peer-reviewed support for concussion assessment. Neuropsychologists play a critical role in interpreting cognitive data, guiding academic and return-to-play decisions, and monitoring longitudinal cognitive health through annual baseline testing, functions not replaced by vestibular-ocular motor measures. Our evidence-based recommendations advocate routine inclusion of post-injury neurocognitive assessment with neuropsychologist application, preferably including baseline evaluation; optional research-based use of Neuroflex in conjunction with cognitive testing; and transparent, scientifically informed consent for all protocol changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":31065,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"38 1","pages":"v38i1a25038"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13034980/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147594999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response: \"Nonspecific lower back pain in overhead athletes is multifactorial and is not solely determined by the type and intensity of the sport\".","authors":"T P Moatshe","doi":"10.17159/2078-516X/2026/v38i1a25502","DOIUrl":"10.17159/2078-516X/2026/v38i1a25502","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31065,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"38 1","pages":"v38i1a25502"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13034981/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147595142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Injury characteristics, outcome, and return to play after ankle sprains and Achilles tendon ruptures in tennis.","authors":"P Kaiser, B Petry, K Genelin, S Singh, T Ellenbecker, T Kastenberger, R A Lindtner, A Keiler","doi":"10.17159/2078-516X/2026/v38i1a22949","DOIUrl":"10.17159/2078-516X/2026/v38i1a22949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ankle sprains and acute Achilles tendon ruptures are common injuries among recreational tennis players.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study investigated the specific cause, return to play, and ability to play tennis after an ankle sprain and Achilles tendon rupture.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who sustained an ankle sprain (n=39) or an Achilles tendon rupture (n=7) while playing tennis were retrospectively evaluated, with a mean follow-up of 6.0 and 5.2 years, and follow-up rates of 80% and 78%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ankle sprain patients were younger (39 years), smaller and lighter (BMI males 24.3, females 22.5) than Achilles tendon rupture patients (49 years, BMI males 26.8). Ankle sprains occurred more often on clay (56% [CI 40-72%]) and Achilles tendon ruptures on carpet courts (57% [CI 18-90%]). The return-to-play rate for tennis was 90% in patients with ankle sprains after a mean of 3.6 months and 29% in patients with Achilles tendon ruptures (two patients), with returns occurring at 5 and 36 months. The return to any sport was 97% and 100%, respectively. Twenty-nine players (74%) with an ankle sprain reported no complaints while playing tennis, and 6 (15%) had some instability or slight pain. Twenty-one per cent of all ankle sprain patients experienced subsequent events (1-3), with a 10% recurrence rate after a first-time event and a 33% rate in patients with recurrent instability episodes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The return-to-play rate for tennis was high after an ankle sprain and low after an Achilles tendon rupture. The reason for not returning in recreational players was either fear of re-injury or preference for other sports, not because of injury-related disabling factors. Patients after Achilles tendon rupture who returned to play tennis did not have any functional problems, and patients after ankle sprain rarely experienced minor instability or pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":31065,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"38 1","pages":"v38i1a22949"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12931412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147291238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tennis in the heat: a panel discussion.","authors":"B M Pluim, O Jay, J Alsma, Ham Daanen, T S Ellenbecker, K A Stroia, B Hainline","doi":"10.17159/2078-516X/2026/v38i1a24716","DOIUrl":"10.17159/2078-516X/2026/v38i1a24716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tennis is played globally across diverse climates and surfaces, exposing athletes to variable levels of environmental heat stress. With rising global temperatures and more frequent heat events, protecting players' health has become a major priority in the sport. This panel discussion aimed to synthesize current evidence and expert perspectives on measuring, managing, and mitigating heat stress in tennis, with a focus on harmonizing policies across governing bodies and player groups. Experts from sport science, medicine, and tournament operations reviewed recent advances in heat measurement tools, including the limitations of the Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) and the emergence of tennis-specific heat stress models. Evidence-based cooling strategies-such as ice towels, shaded recovery, and cold-water immersion-were discussed alongside differentiated policy needs for men, women, juniors, seniors, and wheelchair athletes. The discussion further highlighted challenges in achieving effective heat acclimatisation within professional travel schedules and underscored the importance of proactive medical readiness and player education. Enhanced consistency in heat policies, improved access to cooling resources, and continued collaboration between scientists and governing bodies are essential to safeguard player health and performance under increasing environmental heat stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":31065,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"38 1","pages":"v38i1a24716"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12931413/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147291290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reflecting on 2025 and Looking Ahead.","authors":"Mike Lambert","doi":"10.17159/2078-516X/2026/v38i1a25343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2078-516X/2026/v38i1a25343","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31065,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"38 1","pages":"v38i1a25343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12931411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147291299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The South African Rugby Injury and Illness Surveillance and Prevention Project (SARIISPP): The Currie Cup Premiership Competition Injury Surveillance Report, 2024.","authors":"","doi":"10.17159/2078-516X/2026/v38i1a24534","DOIUrl":"10.17159/2078-516X/2026/v38i1a24534","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31065,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"38 1","pages":"v38i1a24534"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12931414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147291282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}