South African Journal of Sports Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Myositis ossificans in a child athlete: a case study.","authors":"R Sapire,&nbsp;R Nenova,&nbsp;P Gounder,&nbsp;A Rampersad,&nbsp;V Maboho,&nbsp;N Nhlapo,&nbsp;K Tibatshi,&nbsp;S Rampurtab,&nbsp;A I Ranchod,&nbsp;R T Saggers,&nbsp;J Patricios","doi":"10.17159/2078-516X/2022/v34i1a14931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2078-516X/2022/v34i1a14931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A 13-year-old female athlete presented with a painful lesion in her right buttock for which she had been receiving physiotherapy. It was keeping her from participating in sports.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To report on a case of traumatic myositis ossificans in a child athlete - including the presentation, investigations, management, and outcome.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Palpation of the right buttock indicated a tender mass. Investigation by musculoskeletal ultrasound detected a large hypoechoic lesion. An MRI revealed patterns of calcification that were inconclusive in differentiating between a malignant or benign lesion. Macroscopic and microscopic histological examination, as well as immunohistochemistry, were consistent with myositis ossificans (MO), a non-malignant condition. The patient improved remarkably within three months of treatment with rest, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT).</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Accurate differentiation of myositis ossificans from other benign and malignant soft tissue lesions may require histological evaluation in addition to a comprehensive radiological workup. Successful treatment with the patient being able to return to a pain-free and active state is achievable. Extracorporeal shock-wave therapy can play an important role in the management of this condition and should be considered when presented with a case of MO.</p>","PeriodicalId":31065,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"34 1","pages":"v34i1a14931"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9924576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10765196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The profile of orthopaedic sports medicine publishing in South Africa.","authors":"B R Gelbart,&nbsp;E Schapkaitz,&nbsp;D Levitt","doi":"10.17159/2078-516X/2022/v34i1a14413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2078-516X/2022/v34i1a14413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The South African Journal of Sports Medicine (SAJSM) and the South African Orthopaedic Journal (SAOJ) are two open access, peer-reviewed journals which provide ongoing education to the sports medicine community.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The purpose of this review was to appraise articles with a sports orthopaedic focus published in SAJSM and SAOJ. A secondary aim was to evaluate trends regarding the focus of the articles, levels of evidence, authors' affiliations, and country of origin.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An electronic search of the SAJSM from 1982 to 2021 and SAOJ from 2008 to 2021 was conducted to identify relevant articles. The eligibility of the articles was determined according to the following inclusion criteria: SAJSM articles with reference to musculoskeletal anatomy and/or an injury in any sport, and SAOJ articles focusing specifically on sports, sports teams and low-velocity traumatic injuries in sports people.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included specific sports orthopaedic articles in SAJSM (n=161) and SAOJ (n=41). The articles originated from 67 institutions in 19 countries. In SAJSM, the majority of articles were published by local authors (n=44, 61%). There was a non-significant difference in the proportion of articles from local and international institutions in SAOJ. In SAJSM, the sports covered most frequently included rugby, cricket, running and soccer, whereas in SAOJ most articles referred to low-velocity injuries. With regard to trend analysis, a significant decline in articles with Level V evidence published by SAJSM was observed (p<0.001). Similarly, articles with Level V evidence published by SAOJ showed a decline, although it was non-significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The focus of SAJSM in particular is relevant to sports played, injury patterns and the healthcare resources for sports people in South Africa. The level of evidence published by SAJSM has improved significantly over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":31065,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"34 1","pages":"v34i1a14413"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9924608/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10754701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sport during the COVID-19 bio-bubble: Wellness and opinions in South African elite football.","authors":"K Bahdur, L Pillay, D Dell'oca","doi":"10.17159/2078-516X/2022/v34i1a12528","DOIUrl":"10.17159/2078-516X/2022/v34i1a12528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>COVID-19 imposed challenges on professional sport, with restrictions leading to the delay in the completion of the South African Premier Soccer League (PSL). Creating a biologically safe environment (BSE) provided a solution enabling the 2019/2020 season to be completed.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Evaluating the impact that the BSE had on player wellness and what coping mechanisms were used in the BSE.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A questionnaire was distributed to PSL teams on the final weekend in the BSE. It consisted of three validated psychology questionnaires. An additional section focused on the impact and coping strategies during the PSL's BSE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 37 completed questionnaires were analysed. General anxiety (4.7±4.2) and depression levels (4.8±3.9) were at an overall low. The health of the players, as well as separation from and concerns about family, were the greatest contributors to anxiety. Electronic communication with family and friends, social interactions with others in the BSE and time spent on self-reflection were important coping mechanisms for players. As time progressed, they adapted to the BSE.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The BSE did not have a negative impact on the anxiety and depression levels of the respondents, with a variety of coping mechanisms key helping them adapt in the BSE.</p>","PeriodicalId":31065,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"34 1","pages":"v34i1a12528"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9924502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10761905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastrocnemius muscle architecture in distance runners with and without Achilles tendinopathy.","authors":"B Phillips,&nbsp;K Buchholtz,&nbsp;T L Burgess","doi":"10.17159/2078-516X/2022/v34i1a12576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2078-516X/2022/v34i1a12576","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Achilles tendinopathy is a common condition amongst distance runners due to the cumulative repetitive overload of the tendon. Gastrocnemius weakness and inflexibility can predispose to this condition. These predisposing functional deficits could have architectural underpinnings, but the gastrocnemius architecture of distance runners with Achilles tendinopathy has not been previously described or compared to the architecture of healthy distance runners.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to investigate the differences in gastrocnemius architecture between distance runners with Achilles tendinopathy and uninjured counterparts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty distance runners (10 with Achilles tendinopathy; 10 uninjured) were recruited to this study. Ultrasound measurement of the gastrocnemius muscle architecture (pennation angle; fascicle length; muscle thickness; muscle belly length; muscle volume; physiological cross-sectional area) was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Gastrocnemius Medial Head (GM) fascicle length was significantly greater (p = 0.02), whilst the physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA) was significantly less (p = 0.01) in the case group. Gastrocnemius Lateral Head (GL) pennation angle (p = 0.01) and PCSA (p = 0.01) were significantly lower, whilst fascicle length was significantly greater (p = 0.01) in the case group. There were no significant between-group differences in GM and GL muscle thickness, muscle belly length, or muscle volume.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Components of gastrocnemius architecture differ significantly between distance runners with Achilles tendinopathy and uninjured controls in our study sample. This study cannot infer whether these results are secondary or predisposing to the condition. Further longitudinal investigation is required to explore these relationships further.</p>","PeriodicalId":31065,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"34 1","pages":"v34i1a12576"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9924548/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10766482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The knowledge and attitudes of South African-based runners regarding the use of analgesics during training and competition.","authors":"R Thorpe,&nbsp;M Blockman,&nbsp;H Talberg,&nbsp;T Burgess","doi":"10.17159/2078-516X/2022/v34i1a13976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2078-516X/2022/v34i1a13976","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The use of analgesics is prevalent in runners, with the associated potential for serious harm. However, there is limited information regarding runners' knowledge and attitudes towards the use of analgesics in relation to running.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe South African-based runners' knowledge and attitudes regarding running-related analgesic use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study has a descriptive, cross-sectional design. South African-based runners, over the age of 18 who ran at least one race in the year preceding the study were included in this study. Participants completed an online questionnaire, including sections on demographic information, training and competition history, pain medication use, and knowledge and attitudes regarding running-related analgesic use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 332 participants were analysed. Attitudes regarding the use of analgesics in relation to running were generally positive; however, knowledge was poor, with only 20% of participants achieving adequate knowledge scores (75% or above). Very few (n=49; 15%) had both adequate knowledge and positive attitudes, with most respondents (n=188; 58%) having inadequate knowledge and negative attitudes. Negative attitudes towards the use of analgesics were found to increase the odds of running-related analgesic use (OR 2.32; 95% CI:1.31-4.11).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Knowledge regarding running-related use of analgesics was inadequate. Despite a lack of knowledge, attitudes were positive. Participants displayed positive attitudes towards safe practice regarding running-related analgesic use, but these did not translate into good practice. Targeted interventions are required to educate runners and improve their knowledge of all the effects associated with running-related analgesic use.</p>","PeriodicalId":31065,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"34 1","pages":"v34i1a13976"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9924556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10771127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"World netball cardiac screening guidelines.","authors":"L Bogwasi, D C Janse van Rensburg, G Bryant, J Orchard, J A Drezner","doi":"10.17159/2078-516X/2022/v34i1a13979","DOIUrl":"10.17159/2078-516X/2022/v34i1a13979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sudden cardiac adverse events remain an area of concern in sport. The precise risk for netball athletes is unknown but the annual incidence of sudden cardiac death in sports is reported at 0.5-2 cases in 100 000 young competitive athletes between the ages of 12-35 years. Cardiac screening in the sport and exercise medicine context aims at identifying pathologies associated with catastrophic events when combined with physical activity. There is an ongoing debate relating to the standardisation of the pre-participatory medical assessment (PPMA). World Netball (WN) commissioned a cardiac screening policy (13 March 2022). The minimum PPMA recommended by World Netball is a history, physical examination, and a resting 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). ECGs should be interpreted in accordance with athlete-specific ECG interpretation criteria. Expansion of sports cardiology experience and infrastructure, in combination with universal emergency response planning for sudden cardiac arrest, is intended to safeguard athlete health and player welfare in WN.</p>","PeriodicalId":31065,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"34 1","pages":"v34i1a13979"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9924524/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10771130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The perceived knowledge of the menstruation cycle and adjustment of swimming sets by swimming coaches based on menstrual-related issues.","authors":"N Marais,&nbsp;H Morris-Eyton,&nbsp;N Janse van Rensburg","doi":"10.17159/2078-516X/2022/v34i1a13851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2078-516X/2022/v34i1a13851","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Menstruation is the recurring discharge of the endometrial lining of the uterus as menstrual blood and tissue. The menstruation cycle affects most adolescent females and, although largely overlooked, affects women participating in sports.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine whether coaches were aware of their swimmers' menstrual cycles and whether coaches considered this information when adjusting training sets.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Within the case study, a partial mixed-method, sequential dominant status approach was used. Data were collected in the form of questionnaires, focus group discussions, and one-on-one interviews. Coaches' awareness of their female swimmers' menstrual cycles was based more on observation than communication from the swimmer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Coaches explained that training is adjusted based on their observations, but whether this is being done correctly during the menstrual cycle requires more research. Swimmers and coaches alike seem to have minimal knowledge of menstruation, its effects on training, and how to adapt to, or overcome, those effects during training or competition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In future, this knowledge could ensure the longevity of female swimmers in the sport. Understanding whether coaches and swimmers recognise the effect of the menstrual cycle within training and competition provides a more inclusive approach to ensure athlete longevity after puberty. This approach is grounded in creating an understanding between the swimmer and coach about the effect of menstruation during training and competition. It ensures an extended and more successful participation which may also assist in dealing with the 'taboo' surrounding menstruation and the female athlete.</p>","PeriodicalId":31065,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"34 1","pages":"v34i1a13851"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9924511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10754700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Major steps in 2021.","authors":"Mike Lambert","doi":"10.17159/2078-516X/2022/v34i1a13041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2078-516X/2022/v34i1a13041","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31065,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"34 1","pages":"v34i1a13041"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9924513/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10766485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dr Richard de Villiers – a tribute","authors":"Joanne Koenig","doi":"10.17159/2078-516x/2022/v34i1a14630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2078-516x/2022/v34i1a14630","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31065,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42879919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Position-specific physical and technical demands during the 2019 COPA América Football tournament.","authors":"A Kubayi","doi":"10.17159/2078-516X/2021/v33i1a11955","DOIUrl":"10.17159/2078-516X/2021/v33i1a11955","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite a substantial body of literature on the physical and technical performance characteristics of football players in Asian and European tournaments, research on South American football players is scarce.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The purpose of the study was to examine the physical and technical characteristics of football players according to specific playing positions at the 2019 COPA América tournament.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 180 match observations from 13 games were monitored using the InStat tracking system. Players were grouped into the following five playing positions: central defenders (n = 45), wide defenders (n = 46), central midfielders (n = 50), wide midfielders (n = 17), and forwards (n = 22).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Descriptive statistics (means ± standard deviations) and the one-way analysis of variance were used to analyse the data. Findings showed that the total distance covered by central midfielders (10 553 ± 763 m) was significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher than that of central defenders (9226 ± 720 m; effect size (<i>d)</i> = 1.79), wide defenders (9929 ± 633 m; <i>d</i> = 0.89) and forwards (9383 ± 820 m; <i>d</i> = 1.45). Wide midfielders (214 ± 170 m), wide defenders (152 ± 199 m) and forwards (138 ± 94 m) covered greater distances sprinting than central defenders (67 ± 42 m; <i>d</i> = 1.19) and central midfielders (91 ± 66 m; <i>d</i> = 0.95). Concerning technical variables, central midfielders played significantly more passes compared to players in other playing positions (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In relation to crossing, wide defenders completed significantly more crosses than players in other positions (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings have direct implications for tailoring tactics so players can meet the physical and technical demands of the game.</p>","PeriodicalId":31065,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"33 1","pages":"v33i1a11955"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9924528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10762867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}