H. Guiraud, Ana-Sofía Hincapié, Karim Jerbi, Véronique Boulenger
{"title":"Perception de la parole et oscillations cérébrales chez les enfants neurotypiques et dysphasiques.","authors":"H. Guiraud, Ana-Sofía Hincapié, Karim Jerbi, Véronique Boulenger","doi":"10.21437/jep.2018-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/jep.2018-26","url":null,"abstract":"According with (DLD) show difficulty extracting low-frequency rhythmic information from the hindering segmentation and leading to phonological and morpho-syntactic impairments. We tested this hypothesis by measuring, using magnetoencephalography, the synchronization between cortical oscillations and speech amplitude envelope in children with DLD paired to typically-developing children when listening to sentences naturally produced at a normal or rapid rate. Our results in the theta frequency band (4-7 Hz) show reduced brain-to-speech coupling in children with DLD, as compared with typically-developing children, 1) in the right auditory cortex at normal rate and 2) left (pre)motor regions at fast rate. To our knowledge, this study brings the first piece of evidence for atypical cortical alignment to speech syllabic rhythm in children with DLD.","PeriodicalId":310294,"journal":{"name":"XXXIIe Journées d’Études sur la Parole","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122410077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Camille Fauth, Angéline Duchemin, B. Vaxelaire, R. Sock
{"title":"Perturbation de l'organisation temporelle de la parole suite à un effort physique","authors":"Camille Fauth, Angéline Duchemin, B. Vaxelaire, R. Sock","doi":"10.21437/JEP.2018-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/JEP.2018-28","url":null,"abstract":"La production de la parole, dans son décours temporel, est organisée en groupes rythmiques conditionnés par des contraintes physiologiques, linguistiques et communicatives. L’objectif de ce travail est d’évaluer les conséquences d’un effort physique sur cette organisation temporelle de la parole, en se focalisant sur les pauses (respiratoires et silencieuses) produites lors d’une tâche de lecture. 14 locuteurs répartis en trois groupes (fumeur, contrôle et sportifs) ont été enregistrés avant et après avoir fourni un effort physique afin d’observer si leur condition physique pouvait avoir un effet sur leurs productions. Les résultats indiquent que les locuteurs réorganisent la réalisation des pauses. Ainsi, si le nombre global de pauses réalisées reste identique entre les deux phases d’enregistrement, ce sont les pauses silencieuses qui sont les plus nombreuses avant l’effort, alors que ce sont les pauses respiratoires qui sont les plus importantes après l’effort, et ce pour tous les groupes de locuteurs. Les vitesses d’élocution et d’articulation restent inchangées. produced during text reading. To do so, 14 speakers, divided into three groups (controls, smokers and athletes), were recorded before and after performing a series of skipping jumps, in order to see if their physical condition could have an effect on readjustment strategies deployed during the production of speech in a breathlessness condition. Results indicate that the way pauses are carried out by speakers is reorganised. Thus, if the total number of pauses observed remains the same across the two recording phases, silent pauses are the most numerous before effort, whereas breathy pauses are more significant after effort, such results being true for all groups of speakers. Speech and articulation rates remain unchanged.","PeriodicalId":310294,"journal":{"name":"XXXIIe Journées d’Études sur la Parole","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122755834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Une histoire des JEP: 50 ans d'études sur la parole","authors":"V. Delvaux, Giancarlo Luxardo, F. Hirsch","doi":"10.21437/JEP.2018-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/JEP.2018-42","url":null,"abstract":"Cet article retrace l'histoire des Journees d'Etudes sur la Parole en mettant en avant l'evolution de cette manifestation scientifique au cours de ses 50 ans d'existence, et ce a differents niveaux: (i) l'organisation (lieux, duree, format des communications et des actes, structuration en differentes sessions, etc.); (ii) les participants et auteurs des communications (nombre, sexe, champ disciplinaire); (iii) les thematiques et methodologies deployees dans les articles complets, sur la base d'une analyse textuelle de l'ensemble des actes publies (31 editions, pres de 2000 articles complets)","PeriodicalId":310294,"journal":{"name":"XXXIIe Journées d’Études sur la Parole","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116469394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Représentations de phrases dans un espace continu spécifiques à la tâche de détection d'erreurs","authors":"Sahar Ghannay, Nathalie Camelin, Y. Estève","doi":"10.21437/JEP.2018-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/JEP.2018-72","url":null,"abstract":"Cet article présente une étude sur la modélisation des erreurs de reconnaissance de la parole au niveau de la phrase, afin de compenser certains phénomènes mis en avant par l’analyse des sorties du système de détection d’erreurs que nous avons précédemment proposé. Nous avons étudié trois approches différentes, qui sont fondées respectivement sur l’utilisation des représentations continues ( embeddings ) de phrases dédiées à la tâche de détection d’erreur, d’un modèle contextuel probabiliste (MCP) et d’un réseau de neurones récurrent BLSTM. Une approche pour construire les embeddings spécifiques à la tâche est proposée et comparée à l’approche Doc2vec. Les expériences sont effectuées sur des transcriptions automatiques du corpus ETAPE générées par le système de reconnaissance automatique du LIUM. Elles montrent que les embeddings spécifiques à la tâche obtiennent de meilleurs résultats que les embeddings génériques et que leur intégration dans notre système améliore les résultats par rapport aux MCP et BLSTM. This paper presents a study on the modeling of automatic speech recognition errors at the sentence level. We aim in this study to compensate certain phenomena highlighted by the analysis of the outputs generated by the ASR error detection system we previously proposed. We investigated three different approaches, that are based respectively on the use of sentence embeddings dedicated to ASR error detection task, a probabilistic contextual model (PCM) and a bidirectional long short term memory (BLSTM) architecture. An approach to build task-specific sentence embeddings is proposed and compared to the Doc2vec approach. Experiments are performed on transcriptions generated by the LIUM ASR system applied to the ETAPE corpus. They show that the proposed sentence embeddings dedicated to ASR error detection achieve better results than generic sentence embeddings, and that the integration of task-specific embeddings in our system achieves better results than the PCM and BLSTM models.","PeriodicalId":310294,"journal":{"name":"XXXIIe Journées d’Études sur la Parole","volume":"368 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126706073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"L'histoire des alphabets phonétiques du XVIIIe jusqu'à l'API","authors":"C. Schweitzer, C. Dodane, Jan Lazar","doi":"10.21437/JEP.2018-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/JEP.2018-41","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":310294,"journal":{"name":"XXXIIe Journées d’Études sur la Parole","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130101289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conversion d'Identité de la Voix Chantée par Sélection et Concaténation d'Unités Spectrales","authors":"Nicolas Obin, Pascale Pham, Axel Roebel","doi":"10.21437/jep.2018-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/jep.2018-1","url":null,"abstract":"Cet article pr´esente un algorithme de s´election d’unit´es spectrales pour la conversion de l’identit´e de la voix chant´ee `a partir de bases de donn´ees non parall`eles. Les algorithmes de conversion bas´es sur des unit´es de parole pr´esentent des avantages importants pour la conversion de l’identit´e vocale : la conversion vocale par s´election d’unit´es permet la pr´eservation des caract´eristiques originales de la voix cible, en utilisant des unit ´ es r ´ eelles; et la segmentation en unit ´ es linguistiques permet d’apprendre la conversion `a partir d’enregistrements de la voix cible non n´ecessairement align´es avec ceux de la voix source. La contribution principale de cet article est de r´ealiser la s´election des unit´es spectrales de la voix cible en fonction de plusieurs facteurs : acoustique, linguistique (phon`emes) et musicaux (hauteur, intensit´e et dur´ee). Pour ce faire, la s´election de la s´equence d’unit´es d’enveloppe spectrale est ´etablie comme un probl`eme d’optimisation `a partir d’une fonction de coˆut multiple qui comprend la distorsion spectrale des chanteurs source et cible ainsi que les diff´erences de hauteur, d’intensit´e et de dur´ee des unit´es spectrales correspondantes. L’objectif est de guider la s´election vers des enveloppes spectrales du chanteur cible partageant un contexte musical similaire avec celles du chanteur source. Il est montr´e lors d’une exp´erience perceptive que l’algorithme propos´e am´eliore le naturel de la conversion et la similarit´e avec la voix cible.","PeriodicalId":310294,"journal":{"name":"XXXIIe Journées d’Études sur la Parole","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114430419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marie-Charlotte Cuartero, Roxane Bertrand, M. Vidailhet, D. Grabli, Serge Pinto
{"title":"Organisation temporelle de la parole dans la dystonie généralisée primaire","authors":"Marie-Charlotte Cuartero, Roxane Bertrand, M. Vidailhet, D. Grabli, Serge Pinto","doi":"10.21437/JEP.2018-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/JEP.2018-68","url":null,"abstract":"La dystonie généralisée primaire est un trouble neurologique se caractérisant par des mouvements involontaires et une dysarthrie (trouble de la production de la parole) de type hyperkinétique . La classification perceptive des dysarthries de Darley et al., (1969 a, b) montre que dans la DGP, l’altération de l’organisation temporelle de la parole se manifeste par un débit lent, des silences inappropriés et un allongement des pauses. L’objectif de notre étude est de caractériser acoustiquement la parole dans la DGP en vue de confirmer/infirmer ces résultats perceptifs. Globalement, nos résultats ne montrent aucune différence significative entre sujets contrôle et patients atteints de DGP. L’analyse par sujet montre que quatre patients parmi les 11 étudiés présentent cependant une dysrythmie avec au moins une variable temporelle altérée. Alors que la dysarthrie est considérée comme un défaut d’exécution de la parole, il serait intéressant d’explorer l’implication de dysfonctionnements non-moteurs dans l’organisation temporelle de la parole. PGD, the deterioration of speech temporal organization is associated with a slow rate, inappropriate silences and a pause widening. The aim of our study is to describe acoustically speech in PGD in order to confirm (or not) the previous perceptual findings. Globally, our results do not show any significant difference between healthy controls and patients with PGD. The analysis-by-subject demonstrates that 4 patients among the 11 studied however present with a dysrhythmia, with at least one temporal variable altered. While dysarthria is considered a motor speech disorder, it should be interesting to explore the contribution of non-motor dysfunctions in speech temporal organization.","PeriodicalId":310294,"journal":{"name":"XXXIIe Journées d’Études sur la Parole","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115599098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Codage efficace à débit variable basé sur la quantification vectorielle à divisions commutées : Application aux paramètres ISF en large bande","authors":"Cheraitia Salah-Eddine, Merouane Bouzid, Meziane Nacéra","doi":"10.21437/jep.2018-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/jep.2018-16","url":null,"abstract":"parole en large bande, paramètres ISF, codeur AMR-WB.","PeriodicalId":310294,"journal":{"name":"XXXIIe Journées d’Études sur la Parole","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125428142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Étude des variations de fréquence fondamentale relatives au genre chez des bilingues Anglais/Français","authors":"Erwan Pépiot, Aron Arnold","doi":"10.21437/JEP.2018-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/JEP.2018-21","url":null,"abstract":"stronger in English. Regardless of language, female speakers exhibited higher F0 than males. Moreover, the increase of mean F0 in French was larger in female speakers. On the other hand, the decrease of F0 modulation in French was stronger for male speakers. These data support the idea of language- and gender-specific vocal codes, to which bilingual speakers seem to adapt. M OTS - CLES : fréquence fondamentale, intonation, bilinguisme, voix et genre, variations inter-langues.","PeriodicalId":310294,"journal":{"name":"XXXIIe Journées d’Études sur la Parole","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132531533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"L'abaissement de la fréquence fondamentale comme pratique de séduction","authors":"Aron Arnold","doi":"10.21437/JEP.2018-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/JEP.2018-49","url":null,"abstract":"(courtship context). During each task, three sequences where produced: two improvisations and one reading of a message adapted to the two contexts. By comparing the speech produced in friendship context to the speech produced in courtship context, we noted that the speakers lowered significantly their fundamental frequency when they spoke to someone they wanted to seduce.","PeriodicalId":310294,"journal":{"name":"XXXIIe Journées d’Études sur la Parole","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133922609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}