International Journal of Forensic Research最新文献

{"title":"LAMBEDA PHAGE","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ijfr.02.03.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ijfr.02.03.01","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Recognition of bacteriophages in many aspects plays an important role such as controlling the number and variation of bacteria and participation in horizontal gene transfer, which is an important process in bacterial evolution. Bacteriophages use small proteins to take over the host molecular machinery and thus interfere with central metabolic processes in infected bacteria. In general, phages inhibit or reverse host transcription to transcribe their genome. Mechanical and structural studies of phage host transcription may lead to the development of new antibacterial agents. Result: The result shows that phage vB_Eco4M-7 must be a lytic virus. This was confirmed by monitoring faglitic development by a one-step growth test. In addition, phage of relatively small uniform plaques (1 mm in diameter) occur without lysogenesis. Electron microscopic analysis showed that vB_Eco4M-7 belongs to the family Myoviridae. Based on mass spectrometric analysis, including the fragmentation pattern of unique peptides, 33 vB_Eco4M-7 phage proteins are assigned to the annotated reading frames. The results indicate that the phage studied is a potential candidate for phage treatment and / or food protection against E. coli, which produce Shiga toxin, as most of these strains belong to the O157 serotype. Conclusion: In general, phages inhibit or reverse host transcription to transcribe their genome. Mechanical and structural studies of phage host transcription may lead to the development of new antibacterial agents. The result shows that phage vB_Eco4M-7 must be a lytic virus. This was confirmed by monitoring faglitic development by a one-step growth test.","PeriodicalId":309861,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Research","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128495339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of RNA sequence of pX330-U6","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ijfr.02.01.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ijfr.02.01.03","url":null,"abstract":"RNA sequencing can be used for studying various factors such as mRNA including single cell gene expression. For more than 10 years RNA sequencing has become vital means for wide analysis of gene expression and differential splicing of mRNAs. Gene manipulation has become more important and sophisticated to study the gene structure of RNA especially when it comes to deadly viruses. In this review paper RNA sequence of pX330-U6 is elaborated based on plasmid structure, its RNA sequence is illustrated from 10 to 8500 bases. Index Terms — pX330-U6, RNA, RNA sequence","PeriodicalId":309861,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Research","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124854722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Covid-19 And Sudden Death with Pulmonary Manifestations- A Case Report","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ijfr.02.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ijfr.02.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"Covid 19 being a pandemic has uniformly and bizarrely affected the globe in a most unpredictable manner. So it becomes very important to unravel the transmission dynamics and the effect of the virus which has made it a deadly virus so far. Covid 19 is a member of coronavirus family, which also includes the SARS virus (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) and MERS (Middle East Respiratory Symptoms) virus. The family of Coronavirus includes virus strains that the common cold and flu are caused [1].","PeriodicalId":309861,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Research","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128586206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Study of Elucidation of Baiga Tribes of Madhya Pradesh","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ijfr.02.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ijfr.02.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is related to theoretical base to understand the way in which the A tribe is viewed, historically or developmentally, as a social group existing before the development of, or outside states. A tribe is a distinct people, dependent on their land for their livelihood, which are largely self-sufficient, and not integrated into the national society. Tribal’s have several sub -groups all of them known as “tribal society.” According to Oxford Dictionary a tribe is “a group of people in a primitive or barbarous stage of development acknowledging the authority of a chief and usually regarding them as having a common ancestor”. The Baigas believe themselves to be descendants of Dravid & As the name advocates, these are that society of the Gonds who fall in the priest class. It entails that they indulge into magical activities and boast about being knower about the evil spirits. Chiefly in the Mandla, there is a special settlement in the small tract of Baiga Chak. Besides practicing agriculture, they are passionate woodsman and hunter. Some of the other small sects that too fall in this category are the Pradhans, Korkus and Kols. This backward tribe of Baigas is found in Mandla, balaghat, Shahdol & Sidhi District.","PeriodicalId":309861,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130636995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Position of Forensic DNA Database in Criminal Investigation: Understanding the Utilization in Africa, Particularly Nigeria a Review","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ijfr.02.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ijfr.02.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"Forensic DNA databases constitute a central investigative resource in modern-day criminal justice systems, and agrees to a “conservation of resources”, by expediting the resolution of crime and judicial proceedings via consolidating the evidence or introducing plea bargaining. Quite a number of reports have demonstrated the efficiency of the DNA database in assisting criminal investigation around the world. However, studies are still lacking in Africa, particularly Nigeria on the utilization of DNA database in crime investigation. Therefore, this article provides a first-hand report. In conducting this study, a comprehensive electronic literature search using PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Google search for similar and related works were used, and all works meeting the subject matter were considered, including; reviews, meta-analyses, retrospective studies, observational studies, organization recommendations, and original articles. Remarkably, the peculiarity of the various forms of crime committed in Nigeria tends to involve or leave behind biological evidence at the scene of a crime. This biological evidence is a key sample for DNA profiling and subsequent storage in a forensic DNA database. Therefore, a National DNA Database has become very necessary in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":309861,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Research","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123733432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of Furosemide in Pharmaceutical Preparation Samples","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ijfr.01.01.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ijfr.01.01.08","url":null,"abstract":"A simple, accurate, precise, rapid, economical and sensitive ultraviolet spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of Furosemide in pharmaceutical preparations, which shows maximum absorbance at 228 nm in. Beer’s law was obeyed in the range of 1 -10 μg/ ml, with molar absorptivity of 3.5×104 L.mol-1.cm-1, relative standard deviation of the method was less than 1.4%, and accuracy (average recovery %) was 100 ± 1.0. The method was successfully applied to the determination of Furosemide in some pharmaceutical formulations (tablets, Oral solution and injection) samples. The proposed method was validated by sensitivity and precision which proves suitability for the routine analysis of Furosemide in true samples.","PeriodicalId":309861,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124912028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age Estimation - 18 Years old I3M Cutoff Value: Specificity Approach Resulting Confidence Increase","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ijfr.01.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ijfr.01.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: From an administrative or forensic point of view, the need to estimate the age of living people who do not have hold valid documents is crucial. In this sense 18 years, old cutoff values are of great importance due to civil and criminal imputability in the majority of countries. Different medicine and forensic dentistry methods are used to estimate age. Among them, the development of dental elements is one of the most reliable. This study aimed to apply and discuss sex-specific cutoff 18 years old discriminant ratios advantages over sex-pooled reference value to improve accuracy and specificity over Cameriere et al.’s (2008) method in a Southern Brazilian Sample. Methods: After prior ethical authorization (CAAE: 82403918.0.0000.0075), three experienced examiners measured using Fiji-Image J software, 354 digital panoramic radiographs of individuals aged 14 to 23 years old, to obtain the dental maturity indices (I3m). Based on the sensitivity and specificity criteria (ROC curve), different cutoff values were tested for males and for females. Results: The inter-examiner agreement verified by Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was 0.89. Based on post-test results, the 18-year I3m accuracy ranged from 98% to 94% throughout the tested cutoff values, and was 98% for females (I3m =0.09), 96% for males (I3m = 0.07), and 94% for sex-pooled individuals (I3m = 0.08). Sex-pooled sensitivity values where higher when I3m = 0.09, whereas specificity values were higher when I3m = 0.08. Sex-specific cutoff values expressed an increase in female Specificity (+2%) at 0.09 considered the sex-pooled value of 0.08, while best male specificity was observed at 0.08 I3m values. Conclusions: Considering the discriminating objective for estimating the age of 18 years old and its forensic impact, it must be observed the greater importance of the specificity of the test in order to minimize false positives than the overall accuracy. In this sense, we can conclude that even being a forensic reliable option the use of 0.08 sex-pooled I3m ratio, sex specific I3m ratios may be a better option to be used at the local population. Subsequent research on diversified country samples is strongly indicated.","PeriodicalId":309861,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Research","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117033599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Survey based on Side Effects of Internet Addiction on Youth during Quarantine Period","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ijfr.01.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ijfr.01.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"The fast-moving world where the society is advancing each second, the productivity got a break when Covid -19 pandemic was spread throughout the world. So as to limit the damage of this disease, Government of India imposed a lockdown. Due to this, people are entrapped in their homes and are becoming socially isolated. As a result of their boredom, Internet seems as a one-stop solution. But the extensive utility of internet during the period of Quarantine has its side effects. This paper aims to analyse the levels of internet addiction and the associated effects on people’s mental and physical health as well as the various changes in their dietary habits associated with it. This paper also discusses preventive strategies that can be utilized during the quarantine period by individuals, which can help reduce/eliminate these problems.","PeriodicalId":309861,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Research","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115695031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review on Effect of Processing on Cassava Anti-Nutritional Factors and Impacts on Health","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ijfr.01.01.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ijfr.01.01.07","url":null,"abstract":"Cassava is a valuable source of food for developing countries, Different processing techniques exist to remove cyanogens andt heir effectiveness depends on the processing steps and the sequence utilized, and it often is time-dependent. The proximate composition of raw and boiled cassava tubers was not significantly different (P> 0.05), except in moisture, fat, carbohydrate and Energy value. High levels of the antinutrients in raw cassava tubers (20.56mg/100g Tannins; 1,16mg/100g oxalate and 3.36mg/100g phytate) make them unsafe and unsuitable for human consumption except after processing. Crushing and sun-drying cassava roots made into flour removes 96% to 99% of total cyanogens, whereas soaking and sun-drying into lafun or fufu, or soaking and fermenting and roasting into gari or farina, removes about 98% of cyanogens. For cassava leaves, which have 10 times more cyanogens than roots, pounding and boiling in water is an efficient process to remove about 99% of cyanogens. Other strategies to reduce toxicity include development of low-cyanogen cassava varieties and cassava transgenic lines with accelerated cyanogenesis during processing. Fermentation and oven-drying are efficient processing methods to remove phytate (85.6%) and polyphenols (52%), respectively, fromcassava roots. Sun-drying the leaves, with or without prior steaming or shredding, removes about 60% phytate. Cassava is a nutritionally strategic famine crop for developing countries and, therefore, reducing its toxicity and improving its nutritional value is crucial.","PeriodicalId":309861,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125182807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of an Intrapartum Cardiotocograhic Score Index (ICSI) in Cases of Cerebral Palsy Jurisprudence","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/ijfr.01.01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ijfr.01.01.05","url":null,"abstract":"The history of cerebral palsy litigation at Court leaves much to be desired for many reasons including the scientific aspect particularly in reference to the causation of cerebral palsy. One cannot ignore the 1960s when science held that the preponderance of cerebral palsy is the result of oxygen deficiency in labour. The wrong teaching soon left the science classroom and pervaded the Courts where quick- thinking lawyers extrapolated the teaching to wrongly benefit their clients’ cases with great alacrity. These cases often were and are studies in human suffering and misery. However, truth must out and justice be served irrespective of all factors. One cannot assuage suffering by perverting the course of justice such that someone alleviates a wretched existence by being made a scapegoat and paying for it.","PeriodicalId":309861,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133757319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}