South Asian Research Journal of Applied Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Phytochemical and Invitro Antihelmintic Activity of Aqueous Polyherbal Seed Extract Against Indian Earthworms","authors":"K. Lakshmi, A. Sowmya, Malasani Dhanunjay, K. Akhila, Nowdu Punya Keerthi, Meesala Tharaka Rama Jampanna, Manchuri Venkateswara, Chinthala Sai Teja, Sanga Raghavendra, Sambangi Hemasundar","doi":"10.36346/sarjams.2022.v04i05.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36346/sarjams.2022.v04i05.002","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was to evaluate the phytochemical screening and anthelmintic activity of aqueous polyherbal seed extract (APSE) against Pheretima posthuma. The seeds of Helianthus annuus, Cucurbita pepo, Linum usitatissimum, Citrullus lanatus and Cucumis melo was identified and purchased from local market of Nuzvid. APSE was prepared from the dried seeds of five different seeds using the solvent water. Initially, APSE was screened for phytochemical constituents by standard methods. Further, anthelmintic study was conducted against Pheretima posthuma, collected from local Vermicomposting Farm, Nuzvid. In the phytochemical screening, APSE showed presence of glycosides, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, phytosterols and tannins. In the anthelmintic study, mortality was produced in earth worm populations by APSE. The use of APSE as an anthelmintic was confirmed by using standard method against Pheretima posthuma. The results indicated that the test drug has significant anthelmintic properties. Hence, it can be concluded that the APSE can be used as a novel drug for the treatment of worm infestations.","PeriodicalId":309690,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Research Journal of Applied Medical Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122072234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microalbuminuria, Serum Creatinine and Other Biomarkers among T2 DM Patients in North India","authors":"Dr.Anil Batta, Preeti Sharma, U. Kumar","doi":"10.36346/sarjams.2022.v04i05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36346/sarjams.2022.v04i05.001","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common finding in diabetic patients. Microalbuminuria is the earliest clinical evidence of DN. Early detection of microalbuminuria is very important; it allows timely interventions to prevent progression to macroalbuminuria and later end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Objectives: To determine the prevalence of microalbuminuria in diabetic patients and establish its association with traditional serum renal markers in assessment of incipient nephropathy. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 213 participants with diabetes mellitus (DM) attending the diabetic clinic of MM Institute of MSR. Aim: We aimed to evaluate the levels of urine microalbumin, urine albumin creatinine ratio, plasma creatinine and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) among type 2 diabetic patients and assessed the correlation between microalbuminuria and plasma creatinine levels. Questionnaires were used to obtain participant data after obtaining written informed consent. Data collected included: age, sex, level of education, history of smoking and alcohol consumption, hypertension, body mass index, family history, and duration of DM. Morning spot urine samples were collected from each participant and blood drawn for analysis of other renal markers. Urine microalbumin was determined quantitatively using immunoturbidity assay (Microalbumin kit, Mindray). Results: Increase in mean level of plasma creatinine (138 μmol/L), urine microalbuminuria (310 mg/L), albumin creatinine ratio (52) and HbA1c (7.9%) was observed among type 2 DM patients. Moderate positive correlation was observed between microalbuminuria and urine albumin creatinine ratio (r = 0.643 P = 0.0008) and between urine albumin creatinine ratio and plasma creatinine (r = 0.645 P = 0.032). Conclusion: We concluded that type 2 DM patients who are at risk of developing renal impairment must be regularly monitored for microalbuminuria, urine albumin creatinine ratio, and HbA1c levels.","PeriodicalId":309690,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Research Journal of Applied Medical Sciences","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124181583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invitro Antihelmintic Activity of Individual and Combined Leaf Extracts (Punica granatum and Psidium guajava) Against Pheritima Posthuma","authors":"K. Lakshmi, A. Sowmya, Veeranki Venkata Sowmya, K. N. Sri, Nandyala Gopal Reddy, K. Ramya, Dakarapu Siva Rani, Praveen Burugu, Kona Anuhya, Gollapalli Deepthi","doi":"10.36346/sarjams.2022.v04i04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36346/sarjams.2022.v04i04.002","url":null,"abstract":"Punica granatum and Psidium guajava leaves were easily available and commonly used in our day –to-day life. The present study aimed at the in-vitro comparative study of anthelmintic activity of aqueous extracts of leaves of Punica granatum, Psidium guajava and mixed. The fruits were extracted separately with distilled water by maceration method .The various concentrations of the extract (50,100, 200mg/ml) respectively were screened for their anthelmintic activity using Pheritima posthuma. The activity was comparable with the standard drug albendazole. When the concentrations of the extract are increased, a gradual increase in anthelmintic activity is observed. The study involved the determination of time of paralysis (P) and time of death (D) of the worms. Aqueous extract of Punica granatum, Psidium guajava and mixed showed anthelmintic activity but mixed extract was more efficient anthelmintic activity against Indian earthworms. The data were found statistically significant by using one way ANOVA (P< 0.001).","PeriodicalId":309690,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Research Journal of Applied Medical Sciences","volume":"41 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115306203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Evaluation of Hematological Parameters in Newborn Diagnosed with Congenital Pneumonia","authors":"Munevver Kiyar, B. Ozkan, Kayra Su Arslan, Sema Yılmaz","doi":"10.36346/sarjams.2022.v04i04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36346/sarjams.2022.v04i04.001","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to compare the hematological parameters of transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) and congenital pneumonia. The hematological parameters of 84 newborns who had a gestational age over 35 weeks, who were diagnosed with transient tachypnea, and congenital pneumonia, who were hospitalized in the Newborn Unit of the Uşak University, Faculty of Medicine, Training and Research Hospital between 2015 and 2021, were analyzed retrospectively from the electronic records of the patients. The mean gestational age was determined as 38.0±1.4 weeks in patients with TTN and 38.8±1.5 weeks in patients with congenital pneumonia. A statistically significant difference was detected between the patients gestational age (p=0,016), birth weight (p=0,017), lymphocyte (p=0,037), thrombocyte (p=0,001) and delivery types (p=0,027). Statistically cesarean delivery was higher in the TTN group; the patients in the group with congenital pneumonia had a higher gestational age; the median lymphocyte and thrombocyte values were also found to be lower than in the TTN group. No statistically significant differences were detected between the two groups in terms of other hematological parameters. The present study presented that TTN was seen at lower gestational weeks and in newborns with lower birth weights. It was suggested that cesarean delivery can be considered to be a risk factor for TTN. When hematological parameters are examined, it is noted that patients with congenital pneumonia have a predisposition to lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia.","PeriodicalId":309690,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Research Journal of Applied Medical Sciences","volume":"697 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116116990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficiency of Actolind Solution in Reduction of Jugular Catheter Site Infection in Sudanese Patients with End Stage Renal Disease","authors":"A. Ahmed, Sahar Muddather Mohammed, Abdelwahid Ali Abdelwahid Mohamed, Gwahir Ebrahim Osman IbnIdriss, N. Abdelrahman, Mohammed Ahmed Ibrahim Ahmed, M. Hamad","doi":"10.36346/sarjams.2022.v04i03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36346/sarjams.2022.v04i03.003","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hemodialysis (HD) is the most extensively used dialysis method globally, and it necessitates vascular access. Arteriovenous fistulas (AVF), arteriovenous grafts, and central venous catheters (CVC), which can be tunneled or not, are all methods for gaining access. Vascular access is a major risk factor for bacteremia, hospitalization, and mortality among HD patients. The efficacy of Actolind solution in suppressing jugular catheter infection sites in patients with positive jugular catheter culture swab was investigated, as well as the efficiency of Actolind solution opposed to iodine. Methodology: This was a prospective, randomized, comparable efficacy clinical trial completed at the renal unit of the Port Sudan teaching hospital's renal dialysis center. The patient group was recruited from across the Red Sea State. A retrospective study of 50 End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients who were either on upkeep HD or were scheduled to receive a kidney transplant as soon as possible. Sociodemographics, comorbidities, and microbiological growth outcomes were gathered prior to and after the interventional procedure. Results: According to the results, the male to female ratio was 4:1. There were 39 males and 11 females. All of the patients had ESRD, with 10 of them being hypertensive and diabetic, 34 being diabetic solely, and 16 being hypertension exclusively. Gram positive bacteria, gram negative bacteria, and yeasts constituted 32 (64%), 20 (40%), and 6 (12%) of the cultivars, respectively. Seven patients out of fifty had mixed infections (14%). Forty-one wound swab results after intervention were negative, while nine patients had persistent infection confirmed by positive cultures. Conclusion: Removal of CVC due to infection or catheter malfunction occurred less often with Actolind-based lock solutions. We present the prospective comparing Actolind - and iodine -based lock solutions yet. However, due to the retrospective observational nature of this study, conclusions with regard to superiority should be considering.","PeriodicalId":309690,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Research Journal of Applied Medical Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127859513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Some Herbal Plants and Herbal Drink on Selected Micro-Organisms Using Ditch and Agar Methods","authors":"I-ling Ko, Airefetalor Ai, Osagiede Ek, Omolumen Le, Ikede Re, Ken-Iyevhobu, Ba","doi":"10.36346/sarjams.2022.v04i03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36346/sarjams.2022.v04i03.002","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of several herbal plants, Moringa, Usira and commercially sold African Bitters on selected micro-organisms. Adequate amount of fresh plants of Moringa leaves and Usira leaves were collected from a farm in Ekpoma Also, the commercial African bitters were purchased from herbal market in Ekpoma town, Edo State. The extract was prepared by weighing out 2g of the milled powdered powdered leaf of Moringa and Usira and adding 14ml of distilled deionized water and 10ml of 70% ethanol. The agar diffusion method and ditch method were employed for the sensitivity of the extracts on the bacterial isolates. The results on agar diffusion method showed that all the organisms isolated were resistant to moringa neat and distilled water extracts but were sensitive to ethanolic extract of moringa. Also, all the organisms were also resistant to usira neat and distilled water extract. However, Candida albicans was sensitive to ethanolic extract of usira. Furthermore, none of the organisms were sensitive to African biters in all the dilutions. The results on the ditch method showed that E. coli, Candida albicans, strep were sensitive while Pseudomonas species and Klebsiella species were not sensitive. It can be concluded that the extracts of Moringa and Usira (ethanol extract) inhibited the growth of bacteria isolates in a dose dependent fashion. Hence, it can be concluded that the leaf of Moringa and Usira can be a very good source for herbal drugs especially in using ethanol as a solvents.","PeriodicalId":309690,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Research Journal of Applied Medical Sciences","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124871882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical Screening and Toxic Effects of Ambrosia maritima L Ethanolic Extract in Albino Rats","authors":"M. Ibrahim, Safia Ahmed","doi":"10.36346/sarjams.2022.v04i03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36346/sarjams.2022.v04i03.001","url":null,"abstract":"Ambrosia maritima was traditionally used in folkloric medicine to treatment of rheumatic pains, asthma, and bilharziasis. In this study the plant tested for their secondary metabolites and toxicological effects. Ambrosia maritima showed high presence of alkaloids, steroids and triterpens, moderate presence of flavonoids and tannins, and trace presence of saponins and cumarins. Biochemical and histological examination were done. Rats treated with Ambrosia maritima showed no significant change from the control, except in the ALT, significant decrease was observed. The histological examination of the plant extract showed normal appearance of most sections therefor plants seemed to be safe for oral consumption.","PeriodicalId":309690,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Research Journal of Applied Medical Sciences","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130841607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expert –System: A Web-Based System for Patient Specific Drug Interaction Testing","authors":"Seyfali Mahini","doi":"10.36346/sarjams.2022.v04i02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36346/sarjams.2022.v04i02.001","url":null,"abstract":"The information system presented in this article makes drug selection easier and indicates possible interactions with existing medication. In the event of an interaction with multiple medication, the consumer is specifically warned. In addition, special algorithms determine alternative drugs with the same effect in order to avoid the undesired interaction.","PeriodicalId":309690,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Research Journal of Applied Medical Sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121560901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Concha Bullosa in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Single Centre Study","authors":"Dr. Atiur Rahman Dr. Atiur Rahman, Dr. Md. Sazzadul-haq Dr. Md. Sazzadul-haq, Dr. Md. Raqibul Alam Dr. Md. Raqibul Alam","doi":"10.36346/sarjams.2022.v04i01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36346/sarjams.2022.v04i01.001","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common and persistent illness that otorhinolaryngologists encounter commonly. It is an important cause of morbidity and accounts for major loss of income. Anatomical variations of the lateral wall of the nose have been reported which can predispose to CRS. The aim of the present study was to determine the percentage of concha bullosa in patients with CRS and to ascertain its relationship with chronic rhinosinusitis. Aim of the study: To determine the percentage of concha bullosa in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and to determine the relationship between concha bullosa and chronic rhinosinusitis. Methods: This was a hospital based prospective one-year study done during the period from June 2019 to December 2020 was conducted at the outpatient department of ENT, Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College and Hospital, Uttara, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Sample size in this study were selected 57 patients. Result: Of the 57 patients in our study, 21 were males and 36 were females (Figure-1). Of these 36.84% male patients 21 showed concha bullosa and of the 63.84 female patients 326 showed concha bullosa on CT nose and PNS and DNE. The most common age group showing concha bullosa was 21-30 years 23(40.35%) (Table 1). The most common symptom found in our study was headache in 57(100.00%). The next commonly occurring symptom was nasal block 51(89.47%) followed by nasal discharge or nasal purulence 48(84.21%). DNE and CT scan of nose and paranasal sinuses (coronal and axial) were studied for the evaluation of concha bullosa in our patients of CRS. Concha bullosa was noted in 33(57.89%) patients having unilateral and bilateral presentations. Conclusion: Concha bullosa is one of the most common anatomical variations of the lateral wall of the nose. The presence of concha bullosa plays a significant role in the development of chronic rhinosinusitis particularly in chronic maxillary sinusitis.","PeriodicalId":309690,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Research Journal of Applied Medical Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133479608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Drugs Susceptibility Pattern of Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Cases of Tubotympanic Type of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) in Tripoli-Libya","authors":" Khalled M Saeed, N. M. Saeed, F. M. B. Rabha, L. B. Saad, Samia A Hassan","doi":"10.36346/sarjams.2021.v03i02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36346/sarjams.2021.v03i02.001","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic suppurative otitis media is persistent and insidious disease that often lead to destructive changes and irreversible sequelae if not treated properly. The study aimed to find the pattern of antimicrobial drug susceptibility of the pathogenic microorganisms causing tubotympanic type of CSOM. The study was conducted in 65 patients with tubotympanic type of disease attending the (ENT) OPD clinic at Central Hospital-Tripoli, Libya. Drug susceptibility testing was carried out using a Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Pathogens were isolated from 96.9% patients with a total of 95, of the 95 isolates, (88.4%) were bacterial pathogen and (11.6%) were fungal. The most predominant isolates were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (31.6%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (25.3%) and Proteus mirabilis (8.4%). The antimicrobial profile of the major isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa revealed maximum sensitivity to ciprofloxacin (93.3%), followed by polymyxin (90.0%), ceftazidime (83.3%) and amikacin (73.3%). Whereas the antimicrobial profile of the isolates Staphylococcus aureus was revealed maximum sensitivity to ciprofloxacin (95.8%), followed by amoxil/clavulanic acid (83.3%), cephalexin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol (79.2%) each, neomycin (75.0%) and erythromycin (70.8%). On the other hand Proteus mirabilis showed high level of sensitivity to ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime (100%) each, followed by amoxil/clavulanic acid, amikacin (87.5%) each, gentamicin, neomycin, trimethoprim sulphamethoxazole (75.0%) each. Our finding highlight the importance of a continuous and periodic evaluation of microbial pathogens causing tubothympanic CSOM and their susceptibility patterns to antimicrobial drugs, this will guide the clinician for choosing the appropriate treatment regimen and prevention of the emergence of resistant strain as well as can minimize complication that require surgery.","PeriodicalId":309690,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Research Journal of Applied Medical Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126424801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}