Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board最新文献_第10页

Spatio-Temporal Heterogeneous Graph-Based Convolutional Networks for Traffic Flow Forecasting 用于交通流量预测的时空异构图卷积网络

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Pub Date : 2023-12-26 DOI: 10.1177/03611981231213878

Zhaobin Ma, Zhiqiang Lv, Xiaoyang Xin, Zesheng Cheng, Fengqian Xia, Jianbo Li

{"title":"Spatio-Temporal Heterogeneous Graph-Based Convolutional Networks for Traffic Flow Forecasting","authors":"Zhaobin Ma, Zhiqiang Lv, Xiaoyang Xin, Zesheng Cheng, Fengqian Xia, Jianbo Li","doi":"10.1177/03611981231213878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981231213878","url":null,"abstract":"Traffic flow forecasting plays a crucial role in the construction of intelligent transportation. The aims of this paper are to fully exploit the spatial correlation between nodes in a traffic network and to compensate for the inability of graph-based deep learning methods to model multiple relationship types, resulting in inadequate extraction of spatially correlated information about the traffic network. In this paper, we propose a deep spatio-temporal recurrent evolution network based on the graph convolution network (STREGCN) for heterogeneous graphs. Specifically, we transform the traffic network into a multi-relational heterogeneous graph to improve the information representation of the graph. This allows our model to capture multiple types of spatially relevant information. In the temporal dimension, we use one-dimensional causal convolution based on the gated linear unit to extract the temporal correlation information of the traffic flow. In addition, we designed the output of the spatio-temporal convolution module to obtain the final traffic flow predictions after a fully connected layer. Experiments on real datasets illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed STREGCN model and show the importance of representing information through heterogeneous graphs for the task of traffic flow prediction.","PeriodicalId":309251,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139155433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Graphic Guidance for Long-Range Transportation Plans 长期交通规划图示指南

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Pub Date : 2023-12-26 DOI: 10.1177/03611981231212166

Rachel F. Peterson, G. Newmark

引用次数: 0

Shared Responsibility for Shared Mobility: Community-Based Transportation in Germany 共享交通的共同责任：德国的社区交通

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Pub Date : 2023-12-26 DOI: 10.1177/03611981231215339

M. Schiefelbusch

{"title":"Shared Responsibility for Shared Mobility: Community-Based Transportation in Germany","authors":"M. Schiefelbusch","doi":"10.1177/03611981231215339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981231215339","url":null,"abstract":"To serve rural areas efficiently and effectively, public transportation must have tools suitable to serve the small-scale and dispersed mobility needs typical of countryside settings. One way of achieving this is by giving more space to locally planned and operated services, to achieve better-tailored solutions and more cost-efficient ways of service provision. In the English-speaking world, this approach is known as “community transport” (CT). In Germany, “Gemeinschaftsverkehr” (as a loose translation of community transport) is a much more recent concept, although certain elements of CT have been in use for some time. This paper synthesizes and discusses how CT has evolved and (in part) been reinterpreted in Germany over recent years, in particular in the state of Baden-Württemberg. In addition to an overview of service models, the paper discusses some more general questions linked to the idea of CT, such as the potential tensions between “top-down” and “bottom-up” views on planning, formal/regulatory challenges, and the implications of a more heterogeneous set of stakeholders. The paper is based in part on dedicated research activities, but mainly on the author’s direct involvement as consultant and policy advisor.","PeriodicalId":309251,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139155895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ultrafine Particles on Electric, Gas, and Diesel Buses in the Mass Transit Buses of Bogotá, Colombia 哥伦比亚波哥大公交车上的电动公交车、燃气公交车和柴油公交车上的超细粒子

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Pub Date : 2023-12-26 DOI: 10.1177/03611981231213081

Diego Armando Vargas Romero, Cristina Vanesa Durán Grados

{"title":"Ultrafine Particles on Electric, Gas, and Diesel Buses in the Mass Transit Buses of Bogotá, Colombia","authors":"Diego Armando Vargas Romero, Cristina Vanesa Durán Grados","doi":"10.1177/03611981231213081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981231213081","url":null,"abstract":"The concentration of traffic-related air pollutants (TRAPs) inside transport microenvironments takes on relevance today in many megacities with high population density, intense traffic, and prolonged travel times. These conditions can intensify exposure to TRAPs and worsen public health problems. TRAP concentrations in these microenvironments are changing because of the introduction of cleaner technologies. In this study, we compare the ultrafine particles measured inside diesel, gas, and electric buses during their normal operation in Bogotá, Colombia. We used a miniature diffusion size classifier (DiSCmini) to measure ultrafine particle concentrations, average particle size, and the lung-deposited surface area. Our results revealed significantly lower levels of this pollutant inside electric buses. The concentration of ultrafine particles per cubic centimeter is about 41% and 27% lower in electric buses compared to diesel and gas, respectively. The lung-deposited surface area is also lower in electric buses. Nevertheless, the average particle size in electric buses is 10% and 18% smaller compared to diesel and gas, respectively.","PeriodicalId":309251,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139156031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seismic Ground-Motion Design Criteria for Highway Bridges from the Perspective of Design Engineers 从设计工程师的角度看公路桥梁的地震地动设计标准

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Pub Date : 2023-12-26 DOI: 10.1177/03611981231212194

Ignatius (Po) Lam, Hubert Law, B. Maroney

引用次数: 0

Machine Learning Approach to Enhance Highway Railroad Grade Crossing Safety by Analyzing Crash Data and Identifying Hotspot Crash Locations 通过分析碰撞数据和确定碰撞热点位置来加强公路铁路道口安全的机器学习方法

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Pub Date : 2023-12-23 DOI: 10.1177/03611981231212162

Parth Rana, Fereshteh Sattari, L. Lefsrud, Michael Hendry

{"title":"Machine Learning Approach to Enhance Highway Railroad Grade Crossing Safety by Analyzing Crash Data and Identifying Hotspot Crash Locations","authors":"Parth Rana, Fereshteh Sattari, L. Lefsrud, Michael Hendry","doi":"10.1177/03611981231212162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981231212162","url":null,"abstract":"Safe railway operation is vital for public safety, the environment, and property. Concurrent with climbing amounts of rail traffic on the Canadian rail network are increases in the last decade in the annual crash counts for derailment, collision, and highway railroad grade crossings (HRGCs). HRGCs are important spatial areas of the rail network, and the development of community areas near railway tracks increases the risk of HRGC crashes between highway vehicles and moving trains, resulting in consequences varying from property damage to injuries and fatalities. This research aims to identify major factors that cause HRGC crashes and affect the severity of associated casualties. Using these causal factors and ensemble algorithms, machine learning models were developed to analyze HRGC crashes and the severity of associated casualties between 2001 and 2022 in Canada. Furthermore, spatial autocorrelation and optimized hotspot analysis tools from ArcGIS software were used to identify hotspot locations of HRGC crashes. The optimized hotspot analysis shows the clustering of HRGC crashes around major Canadian cities. The analysis of cluster characteristics supports the results obtained for causal factors of HRGC crashes. These research outcomes help one to better understand the major causal factors and hotspot locations of HRGC crashes and assist authorities in implementing countermeasures to improve the safety of HRGCs across the rail network.","PeriodicalId":309251,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139161167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Flexural Capacity Criteria for Load And Resistance Factor Rating of Shallow Covered Corrugated Metal Culverts 浅埋有盖波纹金属涵洞荷载和阻力系数分级的挠曲承载力标准

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.1177/03611981231211891

Bujing Liu, J. Brian Anderson, James S. Davidson

{"title":"Flexural Capacity Criteria for Load And Resistance Factor Rating of Shallow Covered Corrugated Metal Culverts","authors":"Bujing Liu, J. Brian Anderson, James S. Davidson","doi":"10.1177/03611981231211891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981231211891","url":null,"abstract":"Departments of transportation are required to inspect and rate bridges that span more than 20 ft (6.1 m). One frequent challenge is rating shallow-buried corrugated metal culverts, since there are no standard methodologies deemed applicable to all sections and depths for defining the resistance when moment or combined moment and thrust controls. The commonly used Culvert ANalysis and DEsign (CANDE) finite element software was developed specifically for culvert design; its companion program, CANDE Tool Box, enables computing of load rating factors. However, owing to nonlinearities associated with soil–structure interaction and yielding of the corrugated cross-section, extracting accurate representations of available resistance for shallow-buried corrugated metal culverts may require a cumbersome iterative procedure. Furthermore, the resulting rating factor from not properly implementing nonlinear procedures may indicate an available resistance that is unconservative from a safety perspective. Recent improvements adopted by AASHTO and incorporated into CANDE include combined thrust–moment criterion, but are deemed suitable only for culverts with deep corrugation cross-sections. The objective of this research was therefore to assess flexure criteria for load rating shallow-buried corrugated metal pipe and arch structures, including standard corrugation cross-sections, to simplify the process without significantly sacrificing accuracy. Challenges with available methods and recently implemented combined criterion for the shallow-buried culvert scenario are first discussed. A modified flexural capacity criterion based on load and resistance factor rating is then developed and presented. Finally, the accuracy and applicability of the methodologies are assessed using a range of practical corrugated metal culvert dimensions and parameters.","PeriodicalId":309251,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139165750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reliability-Based Service III Evaluation for Prestressed Girder Bridges Under Platoon Loads 基于可靠性的排载下预应力梁桥服役期 III 评估

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.1177/03611981231208200

Bowen Yang, J. Steelman, Jay A. Puckett, D. Linzell

{"title":"Reliability-Based Service III Evaluation for Prestressed Girder Bridges Under Platoon Loads","authors":"Bowen Yang, J. Steelman, Jay A. Puckett, D. Linzell","doi":"10.1177/03611981231208200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981231208200","url":null,"abstract":"Platooning may benefit heavy truck transportation through fuel savings, reduced congestion, enhanced safety, and lower emissions. In the future, platoons may be able to act as mobile-WIM stations, and their permit process and allowable load limits may differ from unregulated trucks in a convoy. Previous reliability-based studies have focused on the Strength I limit state and have shown that trucks can operate at weights exceeding standard legal load limits even with short headways at operating-level reliability. However, the Service III limit state often governs prestressed concrete bridges. The AASHTO Manual for Bridge Evaluation does not specify a target reliability index (β) nor reliability-based evaluation guidance for the Service III limit state. The work presented here performed reliability analyses to investigate implicit reliability indices (βImplicit) inferred from bridges designed according to current and past AASHTO criteria, as well as cracking probabilities. Design live loads were used to evaluate the Service III limit state for prestressed concrete NU I-girder bridges, optimally designed using LRFD and LFD/allowable stress design (ASD). Various span lengths, numbers, continuity conditions, prestress loss methods, and allowable tension stress levels were considered. Cracking probabilities ranged between 10% and 67%, which indicates that optimally designed bridges may crack during their service life. Although beyond the scope of the study, the present work suggests a reexamination of service behavior and performance is appropriate, using an alternate mechanistic approach to estimate potential cyclic damage and aid life-cycle assessment. Such assessments could provide a more rational framework for platoon operations while maintaining bridge health and safety.","PeriodicalId":309251,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139175887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity of Carbon Dioxide Emissions: Evidence from High-Speed Railway Operations in China 二氧化碳排放的时空异质性：中国高速铁路运营的证据

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.1177/03611981231214522

Wenming Shi, Fuyong Yang, Xuehao Feng, Yiyang Liu, M. Jin

{"title":"Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity of Carbon Dioxide Emissions: Evidence from High-Speed Railway Operations in China","authors":"Wenming Shi, Fuyong Yang, Xuehao Feng, Yiyang Liu, M. Jin","doi":"10.1177/03611981231214522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981231214522","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions reduction has become an ever-growing concern in China and the government has proposed the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality. To better address this concern, this work pays particular attention to high-speed railway (HSR) operations and examines their spatiotemporal effects and potential mechanism on CO2 emissions. Using a geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) model to fit a balanced panel dataset from the period 2008 to 2018, we have the following main findings. First, the GTWR model performs better than the pooled panel regression model as it considers temporal and spatial variations in factors of CO2 emissions simultaneously. Second, the temporally varying coefficients of HSR operations indicate their consistent contributions to emissions reduction, suggesting that the national development of HSRs can provide significant emissions reduction benefits. Third, as revealed by the spatially varying coefficients of HSR operations, most provinces can mitigate CO2 emissions by promoting HSRs, particularly in Shanxi, Hebei, and Shaanxi, owing to the larger contributions of HSR operations to CO2 emissions reduction. Finally, the contributions of HSR operations to emissions reduction can be transmitted through the mechanism of technological progress. These findings can offer valuable insights into cross-collaborative and province-specific policymaking for mitigating CO2 emissions.","PeriodicalId":309251,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139174783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determining an Optimal Government Subsidy Scheme for Shared Parking Management via a Bi-Level Programming Approach 通过双层编程法确定共享停车管理的最佳政府补贴方案

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.1177/03611981231211527

Yun Xiao, Guangmin Wang, Meng Xu

{"title":"Determining an Optimal Government Subsidy Scheme for Shared Parking Management via a Bi-Level Programming Approach","authors":"Yun Xiao, Guangmin Wang, Meng Xu","doi":"10.1177/03611981231211527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981231211527","url":null,"abstract":"A bi-level programming model is formulated to determine a government subsidy scheme for shared parking management. The government, as the upper-level decision-maker, seeks to maximize the social benefit by providing subsidy to the shared parking platform, incentivizing the platform to rent more shared parking slots, which can increase the utilization rate of idle parking slots and reduce the curbside parking cruising time of parking demanders. At the lower-level formulation, the shared parking platform, as a reseller, not only matches shared parking slot demanders but also determines which shared parking slots to rent, which is approached by a two-sided decision-making process. A “one-to-many” matching principle is adopted for the platform to maximize its revenue. A modified genetic algorithm is designed to solve the proposed model. Results indicate that the government subsidy has a positive impact on stimulating the shared parking market. Specifically, from the perspective of the government, the subsidy can increase the number of matched shared parking demanders, improve the supply of parking slots, and reduce curbside parking cruising time. From the perspective of the shared parking platform, the subsidy can lead to higher revenue.","PeriodicalId":309251,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139173567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0