Folia Historica Cracoviensia最新文献

{"title":"Inwigilacja duchowieństwa diecezji sandomierskiej w świetle dokumentu KW MO w Kielcach z dnia 6 X 1961 r.","authors":"Piotr Tylec","doi":"10.15633/FHC.2247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15633/FHC.2247","url":null,"abstract":"This source edition presents a document created by the officers of the Se­curity Service at the Voivodeship Police Headquarters in Kielce in October 1961, containing information on the clergy of the Sandomierz diocese. It was kept as part of a case file entitled \"Wisla\" (surveillance of the diocesan curia and the seminary in Sandomierz) . The document is a typical example of \"counter-intelligence features of a case.\" In addition, it contains a \"direc- tional operational plan of undertakings\". An analysis of the source allows us to determine the scale of surveillance to which the priests of the diocese were subjected. The present edition of the document contains a number of footnotes, which explain the more difficult formulations used by security officers, briefly approximate the figures of the priests named in it and elab- orate on the state/Church relations in the Polish People's Republic.","PeriodicalId":30842,"journal":{"name":"Folia Historica Cracoviensia","volume":"23 1","pages":"465-489"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48091069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uwagi ikonograficzne na temat medalu autorstwa Luisa Varoú z 1677 roku upamiętniającego wizytę w Gdańsku pary królewskiej: Jana III Sobieskiego i Marii Kazimiery Sobieskiej","authors":"J. Rokita","doi":"10.15633/FHC.2216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15633/FHC.2216","url":null,"abstract":"The author of the article Iconographic remarks on the medal by Luis Varou from the year 1677 (?) commemorating the person of John III Sobieski, com­missioned by the authorities of the city of Gdansk describes in detail eight works of art referring to either side of the medal. The author argues that while the seventeenth-century iconography contains no representations of images which would beyond all doubt be used by the medallist as a model for the obverse or reverse of the item, it is obvious that an examination of surviving works of art from the early modern period would enable a resear­cher to find a similar reproduction of both the unique headgear in the form of a helmet and the image of Pheme. A characteristic which all all antica images of prominent members of European elite on medals share is obvio- usly their message. The contracting party wanted particularly to expose their own talents and military skills as well as to commemorate recent mi­litary triumphs. Meanwhile, designing a winged image of Pheme, the cre- ator of the medal presumably followed, at least in part, one of the famous 17th-century engravings. Due to the circumstances of the issue of the medal and the need to emphasize the links between Gdansk and the then Polish monarch, the talented medallist, which Luis Varou undoubtedly was, could not simply content himself with a faithful reproduction of well-known sym- bols, but had to show more or less manifestly current political events. Hen- ce the key to understanding the message of the reverse side of the medal seems to lie in two particular elements: in the background, a realist panora­ma of Gdansk from the side where the city fortifications are most prominent, and the coat of arms of the reigning dynasty.","PeriodicalId":30842,"journal":{"name":"Folia Historica Cracoviensia","volume":"23 1","pages":"319-351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48875368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Represje władz komunistycznych wobec radomskiego proboszcza ks. Jana Wiącka","authors":"Bogdan Stanaszek","doi":"10.15633/fhc.2246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15633/fhc.2246","url":null,"abstract":"Rev. dr Jan Wiącek (1900—1973) was a cleric of the Sandomierz diocese. Wiącek was a parish priest in Radom for 13 years, and then in Koprzywni­ca near Sandomierz for another 20 years. He started leading the parish of the Sacred Heart of Jesus in Radom-Glinice in the summer of 1941 under the Nazi occupation. After the war ended, he continued to build the local church. In 1949, Bishop Jan Lorek, the ordinary of the Sandomierz diocese, put him in charge of the parish of the Care of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Radom; Wiącek also served as a dean. It was thanks to him that the parish repaid large pre-war debts. He was first troubled by restrictions on the part of state authorities in 1950. Initially these included financial sanctions (dis- proportionately high taxes). The authorities also wanted to forcibly accom- modate additional tenants in the presbytery. Rev. Wiącek was intimidated, harassed by night phone calls and threatened. The authorities insisted that Wiącek should join the movement of the so-called \"patriotic priests\" who supported the government and criticised the Church hierarchy. When he flatly refused, state authorities demanded that he be removed from his po- sition. To this end, they used the decree of 9 February 1953. Bishop Lorek defended Rev. Wiącek by submitting appeals to central authorities. The dispute lasted eight months; faced with pressure, the bishop finally granted Rev. Wiącek a period of leave. In February 1954 he transferred Wiącek to the parish in Koprzywnica. Despite efforts made after the political thaw of late 1956/early 1957, the state authorities did not allow him to return to Radom.","PeriodicalId":30842,"journal":{"name":"Folia Historica Cracoviensia","volume":"23 1","pages":"367-404"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47662139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salvator Mundi: późnogotyckie płótno z Krakowa, wzorowane na niezachowanym obrazie niderlandzkim. Propozycja nowego datowania oraz identyfikacja fundatora","authors":"Magdalena Łanuszka","doi":"10.15633/FHC.2241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15633/FHC.2241","url":null,"abstract":"The image of Christ as Salvator Mundi was painted with tempera on canvas without ground; it comes from the Cracow Cathedral and is currently kept in the Cracow Cathedral Museum. The painting had long been regarded as modern; it was only restoration and research prior the Wawel 1000–2000 exhibition which led to the conclusion that it is a late Gothic work and, at the same time, the only surviving medieval canvas painting from Lesser Poland. The findings of conservation studies were published by Malgorzata Schuster-Gawlowska, and the analysis of style and iconography by Helena Malkiewiczowna, who reported that the painting was probably inspired by the Netherlandish original. It seems that the image of Christ as Salvador Mundi , popular all over late 15th century Europe, in different variants, may originate from non-extant originals from the workshops of Jan van Eyck and Rogier van der Weyden – and it is on the basis of the latter one that the Cracow work had probably been painted. So far it has been dated back to around 1480–1490. It seems, however, that such dating is slightly too early. The dating of Christ’s figure and robes as modelled after the older origi-nal does not seem to be reliable (still, it is worth noting that Christ’s facial features are akin to the face of a figure in another Lesser Poland image, i.e. the Annunciation from Ciecina from the National Museum in Cracow), whilst stylistic analysis of the figure of the donor suggests early 16th centu-ry. Unidentifiable amongst Cracow clergymen, the founder, a 50 to 60 year old canon of the Jasienczyk coat of arms, could simply have come from an-other centre – the fact that the picture was painted on canvas suggests, with high probability, that it had been earmarked for transport. Presumably, the donor could be identified as Jakub Karczewski of the Jasienczyk coat of arms, a Plock canon and, since 1509, a canon custos of Warsaw Chapter, born ca. 1450, who studied in Cracow and who died after 1521. The painting might have been commissioned in Cracow with the aid of Erazm Ciolek, Bishop of Plock, that is before Karczewski left for Warsaw; the year 1509 seems justified anyway by the stylistic analysis of the picture. The wherea-bouts of the work until the second half of the 17th century are unknown; at that point the work was repainted (the coat of arms was corrected) and hung on new hooks – for it is in this context that it was mentioned for the first time in the Cracow Cathedral in the years 1680–1681. Perhaps, in contrary to what was previously assumed, the painting was brought to the Cracow Cathedral for the first time as late as in the second half of the 17th century – it was then that Stanislaw Karczewski Jasienczyk was the warden of the castle, and he could have donated the painting inherited from his ancestors. Baptismal certificates registers of Cracow Cathedral contain records of the baptisms of Stanislaw Karczewski’s two sons (in 1660 and 1663) and his sec-ond (?) marriage (in 167","PeriodicalId":30842,"journal":{"name":"Folia Historica Cracoviensia","volume":"23 1","pages":"241-276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47014652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Para obrazów retabulum ołtarzowego ze scenami legend o św. Mikołaju w zbiorach Muzeum Książąt Czartoryskich w Krakowie","authors":"Paulina Chełmecka","doi":"10.15633/FHC.2236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15633/FHC.2236","url":null,"abstract":"The collection of The Princes Czartoryski Museum in Krakow includes a pair of wings form a winged retable depicting hagiographical threads connected with the person of St. Nicholas of Bari. The artwork was brought to the museum from Rzepiennik Biskupi, a village situated near Krosno. The wings constitute an example of late Gothic tabular painting, manufactured in provincial workshops of Little Poland in the 1 st half of the 16 th century. The scenes Salvaging the castaways from the shipwreck and Whipping of the statue of St. Nicholas depicted on the aforementioned wings refer to the miracle-working activity of St. Nicholas. Most probably the author drew inspiration from the text of The Golden Legend by Jacob de Voragine – the text, which was very popular from the 13 th century and which was frequently a source of hagiographical inspirations. The paintings, most probably deriving from the nonexistent retable of St. Nicholas, in terms of stylistics can be assigned to the circle of the Workshop of the Master of Triptych from Klimkowka, whose work is connected with Krosno and its neighbourhood. Andrzej, working in Krosno in the 1 st half of the 16 th century, is a painter consociated with this workshop. His works typify, among others, influences of the South-German painting and engraving, which he encountered most probably in the Krakow community.","PeriodicalId":30842,"journal":{"name":"Folia Historica Cracoviensia","volume":"23 1","pages":"121-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41998246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pałac arcybiskupów lwowskich obrządku łacińskiego w Obroszynie koło Lwowa w latach 1885-1923. Edycja źródłowa inwentarzy","authors":"Grzegorz Chajko","doi":"10.15633/FHC.2235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15633/FHC.2235","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents two inventories of the Lviv Archbishop of the Latin Rite in Obroszyn in the form of a source edition. They were analysed and labelled with back matter. Their content includes information about the design and organization of the entire palace/park establishment, as well as external appearance, floor plan and furnishings of the palace. In addition, they contain extensive lists of exotic plants grown in the orangery. It is also worth noting that the documents in this publication fill a significant gap in the history of the palace in Obroszyn. Never before have these inventories been published.","PeriodicalId":30842,"journal":{"name":"Folia Historica Cracoviensia","volume":"23 1","pages":"71-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43211685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Między obawą a nadzieją- poszukiwanie nowej roli zjednoczonych Niemiec na arenie międzynarodowej. Zarys debaty polityków i intelektualistów w pierwszej połowie lat 90-tych","authors":"Joanna Lubecka","doi":"10.15633/FHC.2240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15633/FHC.2240","url":null,"abstract":"The reunification of Germany in 1990 led to the creation of the largest and most populous EU member state. Due to Germany's past and the fact that the reunification process was surprisingly fast, questions about the role and international ambitions of reunited Germany became an important part of the international debate of the time. This question had to be answered by Germans themselves in the first place. This article presents the debates among politicians and selected intellectuals (primarily political scientists and economists) who took place in Germany in the first 5 years after the reunification. It presents key contentious issues, different visions of Ger­many's role and contradictory expectations of international players. Its fi- nal part also quotes the then criticism of specific actions of the German government on the international scene, which reflected ambivalent, often contradictory expectations towards reunited Germany.","PeriodicalId":30842,"journal":{"name":"Folia Historica Cracoviensia","volume":"23 1","pages":"203-239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48601623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Między obroną wolności a drogą do rewolucji. Strajk nauczycielski 1937 r.","authors":"Michał Wenklar","doi":"10.15633/FHC.2244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15633/FHC.2244","url":null,"abstract":"In March 1936, a Soviet edition of the youth periodical „Plomyk\" was pub- lished. Some papers of that time denounced it as a part of the Soviet prop­aganda. To defend their good name, the publishers of the periodical sued one of such newspapers, but they lost the case. A year and a half later, in September 1937, the government suspended the Executive Board of Polish Teachers' Union (ZNP) and appointed an administrator. One of the charg­es, along with financial inaccuracies, was that the organization harboured pro-communist political sympathies. In response to the government's actions, some of the members of the Executive Board organized a sit-in, soon followed by teachers and many trade unions as well political organizations. The strike proved successful. First, the government pulled out on the previous appointment and assigned a new administrator. Subsequently, the Polish Teacher's Union convention appointed a new Executive Board, composed of key pre-strike activists. For activists closely connected with the ZNP, government's activities constituted an attempt to curb trade union liberties, and the industrial ac- tion was merely an act of defence of freedom and civil liberties. However, one can find traces of the Polish Communist Party's direct contacts with strike initiators can and their aspirations, at least in the case of certain ac- tivists such as Wanda Wasilewska and Janina Broniewska, to escalate the conflict and call a general strike.","PeriodicalId":30842,"journal":{"name":"Folia Historica Cracoviensia","volume":"23 1","pages":"491-517"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44991966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oświecenie i kontroświecenie czasów Królestwa Polskiego. Polemika o. Karola Surowieckiego z ministrem Stanisławem Kostką Potockim","authors":"Rafał Szczurowski","doi":"10.15633/fhc.2243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15633/fhc.2243","url":null,"abstract":"By criticizing the world around them, the supporters of the idea of Enli- ghtenment brought about profound transformations in all areas of life. This did not mean, however, that such ideas and transformations gained widespread acceptance. On the contrary, their opponents, who saw decli- ne and demoralization in lieu of ‘enlightenment', developed the Counter- -Enlightenment movement. Critically perceiving modernity, they asked questions about the arbitrariness of human reason, the concept of human nature and human morality, giving answers from the position of Christian apologists. Therefore in the period of the Kingdom of Poland, the Polish anti-Enlightenment movement persevered against eighteenth-century philosophy, opposing everything they considered harmful to modernity and religion. A perfect example of the struggle between representatives of hosti- le ideological factions was the polemics between Father Karol Surowiecki and Stanislaw Kostka Potocki, minister of the Kingdom. Educated in the age of reason and following the assumptions of the Enlightenment, the mi­nister was a symbol of the rational changes in the Second Polish Republic in the second half of the 18th century. On the other side of the barricade stood Father Surowiecki, an anti-Enlightenment Franciscan reformer, fier- cely defending the Church and religion. Their clash perfectly illustrated the incompatibility of their intellectual worlds.","PeriodicalId":30842,"journal":{"name":"Folia Historica Cracoviensia","volume":"23 1","pages":"406-426"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48607296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Przyczynek do historii nauki i kultury polskiej, czyli o odnalezionych archiwaliach Józefa Rostafińskiego (1850-1928)","authors":"K. Duda","doi":"10.15633/FHC.2238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15633/FHC.2238","url":null,"abstract":"In 1883, Jozef Rostafinski launched a questionnaire, called the Appeal ( Odezwa) , the objective of which was to look into the tradition of using plants among the people living in the three territories of the First Polish Commonwealth annexed in the partitions. Thereby, Rostafinski wanted to obtain source material concerning the customs related to the use of herbs in cooking, rituals and folk medicine. Based on the data obtained, he published scientific works. The archival responses to Rostafinski’s Appeal were largely preserved in the collection of the Jagiellonian University. However, a portion was considered lost. In 2014, they were found among the documents left by Prof. Tadeusz Wilczynski of Lviv. Among the recovered archives of Rostafinski there are responses to the Appeal as well as other documents, e.g. letters by Fr. Pawel Smolikowski CR and Jan Karlowicz, which will be mentioned in the paper.","PeriodicalId":30842,"journal":{"name":"Folia Historica Cracoviensia","volume":"23 1","pages":"157-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47015368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}