Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Civil, Structural and Transportation Engineering (ICCSTE'19)最新文献

{"title":"Fiber interferometric system for vehicle monitoring near railway level crossings","authors":"S. Kepak, J. Cubik, D. Hrubý, V. Vasinek","doi":"10.11159/ICCSTE19.187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/ICCSTE19.187","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the development of the vehicle monitoring system that is applicable in the vicinity of the railway level crossings. The proposed system is based on a Mach-Zehnder fiber interferometer sensor, which has a measurement arm embedded in the road surface. The sensor is passive and requires no electrical power at the installation site, immune electromagnetic interference, and is compatible with existing single-mode fiber infrastructure. Experimental measurements were focused on the response of sensors utilizing different mechanical structures of fiber loops, slow-moving vehicles, and sensor function in continuous snow cover. Installed optical fibers in the roadway are regularly monitored and evaluated for their durability. The results have shown that it is possible to detect individual vehicles but above all their axles, which opens the way for vehicle classification. The detection capability of the system is absolute even with continuous snow cover. For slow-moving vehicles, double axle detection occurred due to the longitudinal dimensions of the loop, which will be solved by the second generation of sensors. The resulting system will be installed on a selected railroad crossing as a complement to the existing camera system.","PeriodicalId":307663,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Civil, Structural and Transportation Engineering (ICCSTE'19)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124660318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Temperature and Moisture Variation on the Heat\u0000Transfer Through Building Envelope","authors":"M. Khoukhi, Ahmed Hassan, S. Abdelbaqi","doi":"10.11159/ICCSTE19.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/ICCSTE19.167","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the impact of the change of thermal conductivity of the insulation layer embedded in a typical residential building on the cooling effect. The simulation has been performed using the polystyrene (EPS), in extremely hot conditions of Al Ain (UAE) at different level of densities denoted as low density LD (12 kg/m3), high density HD (20 kg/m3), ultra-high density UHD (30 kg/m3) and super-high density SHD (35 kg/m3), and three moisture content levels (10%, 20%, and 30%) compared to dry insulation material for LD. The change of the thermal conductivity of the EPS material at different operating temperatures and moisture content has been investigated. The thermal wall resistance was evaluated by applying a conjugate heat transfer model based on enthalpy-based formulation. The thermal performance of the building incorporating polystyrene with variable thermal conductivity (λ -value) was compared to a constant thermal conductivity by quantifying the additional cooling demand and capacity due to the λ-relationship with time using the e-quest as a building energy analysis tool. The results show that, when the λ-value is modelled as a function of operating temperature, its effect on the temperature profile during daytime is significant compared with that obtained when a constant λ-value for the polystyrene (EPS) insulation is adopted, however, this trend is reversed at night time. A similar trend in the evolution of temperatures across the wall section was observed when EPS material was tested with different densities and moisture contents. The monthly energy consumption for cooling required by the building is found to be higher in case of variable thermal conductivity for LD sample. The yearly average change in space cooling demand and cooling capacity employing polystyrene with constant and variable thermal conductivity increases with the increase of the moisture content. Indeed, the highest change in cooling demand and capacity are 6.5% and 8.8% with 30% moisture content.","PeriodicalId":307663,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Civil, Structural and Transportation Engineering (ICCSTE'19)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130796213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bayesian update of the residual life of a concrete structure using inspection data","authors":"Gaowei Xu, V. Makis","doi":"10.11159/ICCSTE19.195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/ICCSTE19.195","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a model of a deteriorating concrete structure subject to external load and inspection. The structure naturally deteriorates in time due to the environmental effects and the changes in the construction materials. The deterioration process is modeled as a gamma process. The stochastic process of load arrivals is generated by a Poisson process and the variability of the random loads is assumed to be governed by a generalized Pareto distribution. Upon inspection, the parameters of the gamma distribution are updated using the Bayesian method. Thus, after each inspection, the resistance of the concrete structure is modified and the corresponding lifetime distribution of the structure can be estimated. An example of concrete girders is provided to illustrate the whole methodology.","PeriodicalId":307663,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Civil, Structural and Transportation Engineering (ICCSTE'19)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129252421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An overview of the performance of untreated fly ash and fine glass powder for ecological preparation of ternary concretes","authors":"A. V. Pacheco-Hernández, M. A. Maldonado-García, V. Jiménez-Quero","doi":"10.11159/ICCSTE19.147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/ICCSTE19.147","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":307663,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Civil, Structural and Transportation Engineering (ICCSTE'19)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129940136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative insight on building code paradigm shift practice and updates: International perspectives","authors":"A. Nwadike, S. Wilkinson, C. Clifton","doi":"10.11159/ICCSTE19.143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/ICCSTE19.143","url":null,"abstract":"This paper shows an overview understanding of building codes practice in different countries across the globe. Approach to building code practice and updates differs from country to country, but its primary aim is to provide the minimum requirements to protect life and properties in the built environment. The building code philosophy is to avoid collapse during and after an earthquake and other related extreme loading conditions. The data approach for this study was from the secondary source. This review aims to examine the paradigm shift in building code practice across different nations to determine which countries are embracing performance-based regulation through efficient building code improvement. The paper lays out performance base approach status, mode of compliance, amendment interval, issues that necessitates updates, implementation, code enforcement and highlight some challenges that need to be overcome to harness the full potentials of the innovative building code practice. The study provided a better understanding of comparative insights into the various building code in the selected countries and the factors that encouraged the paradigm shift in building code to accommodate technological innovation in the construction industry. The paper showed that many developed and developing countries are gradually shifting from prescriptive-based code to performance-based building code due to innovation, economic boom on infrastructure and persistent disaster occurrence in the built environment.","PeriodicalId":307663,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Civil, Structural and Transportation Engineering (ICCSTE'19)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125209061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced Numerical Modeling in Engineering - FDEM: A MicroMechanical Appproach that Bridges Across Scales","authors":"G. Grasselli","doi":"10.11159/ICCSTE19.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/ICCSTE19.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":307663,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Civil, Structural and Transportation Engineering (ICCSTE'19)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127335257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical fibres integrated in structure as a safety element for pedestrians","authors":"J. Cubik, S. Kepak, M. Fajkus, R. Marik, V. Vasinek","doi":"10.11159/ICCSTE19.193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/ICCSTE19.193","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the use of fibre Bragg grating and Mach-Zehnder interferometer as a safety element for pedestrians. Such systems could complement existing technologies or replace them altogether. An advantage is the construction of the sensor probe without wires and metal parts along with long-distance interrogation possibility. Thanks to these features, the system is immune to electromagnetic interference, and its presence can be difficult to detect as well as affect its operation. This security system was tested on volunteers, and the results were analysed and evaluated. The first measurement was the stepping on the pad at the regular intervals. Then the system functionality has been verified with the stepping on the overlaid test pad. The last test was the ordinary walk of five volunteers over the test pad and their identification. The main task was to automatically detect all events and analyse volunteers gait in the frequency","PeriodicalId":307663,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Civil, Structural and Transportation Engineering (ICCSTE'19)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133470154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automatization of the Constructive Process: a Systematic Study of the 3D Concrete Printing Technology (Contour Crafting)","authors":"Amarildo Verginio Moreira, Francielle Coelho dos Santos","doi":"10.11159/ICCSTE19.232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11159/ICCSTE19.232","url":null,"abstract":"Extended Abstract One of the innovations which already take place in different kinds of industries around the world is the 3D printing. It consists of printing a solid object based on a digital model. This process is already known for making it possible to craft complex shapes with little waste of material, or no waste at all. When taking a closer look in the Brazilian scenario, more specifically in the field of civil construction, despite the growth seen in the last decades in this field, the technological innovations have not taken place in the current processes. This becomes clear when comparing Brazil with the USA and Europe [1]. One of the reasons behind this scenario is the lack of knowledge among professionals. Technologies such as Contour Crafting, Concrete Printing and D-Shape have brought 3D printing to the construction processes [2], and already make progress. In Austin, Texas, for example, two companies have built a 35m2 house in 48 hours [3], with plans to build 100 houses with the same technology in a community based in El Salvador, in the year of 2019. The cost of the construction was of approximately US$33,000. The possibility of using cheap and quick methods to provide housing for communities brings an opportunity for Brazil to solve its housing deficit. According to IBGE [4], around 5% of the Brazilian population lives in subnormal conglomerates. The researches brought within this study aim to present techniques of 3D printing which are currently available for construction works and make a comparison between these, to verify the advances obtained by the 3D printing technologies, to point out the advantages and disadvantages of the Contour Crafting method in relation to the other concrete 3D printing methods and to analyze the current scenario in the implementation of the Contour Crafting technology in Brazil for building popular housing. This study will be made under the research methodology of Systematic Literature Revision (SLR), based on the studies presented by Morandi and Camargo [5], Piña [6] and Mariano e Santos [7]. This methodology is divided in three steps: Search, Eligibility and Codification; Quality Evaluation, and Results Synthesis. The Search, Eligibility and Codification step provides a research strategy to help search the best sources among all the sources available. The Quality Evaluation step focuses on the verification of the credibility of such sources. The Results Synthesis step aims to reach new knowledge by establishing a relationship between the several results found within the researches. Based on this, a comprehensive search on the Scopus search engine will be made to identify the articles, then high impact journals in the area of automation in construction with top rankings will be selected and classified, and finally a deep analysis of the article content will be conducted considering the development of the research on the discipline.","PeriodicalId":307663,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Civil, Structural and Transportation Engineering (ICCSTE'19)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133973664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}