Academic Journal of Nawroz University最新文献

{"title":"Investigating the Reasons behind EFL University Teachers’ Use of the Language Avoidance Strategy","authors":"Zirak Akram Jabar, Hussein Ali Ahmed","doi":"10.25007/ajnu.v12n4a1529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25007/ajnu.v12n4a1529","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of teaching English as a foreign language, teachers, though primarily competent and equipped with varying levels of knowledge, abilities, and skills, resort to language avoidance for one reason or another. Language avoidance is a communication strategy that foreign language teacher and/or learners use when encountering a communicative problem or difficulty managing communication and imparting information to the required level. It forms an integral part of everyday communication at large and in foreign language classes in particular. The current paper aims at investigating the reasons behind English as a foreign language teachers’ use of language avoidance. To bring about this aim, it is hypothesized that different personal, educational, and social reasons play a role in teachers’ language avoidance. To validate the preceding hypothesis, a sample of 39 university teachers of English were interviewed and given a questionnaire to state their responses concerning the role of the factors mentioned above in their use of language avoidance. It has been found out that language avoidance by university teachers of English as a foreign language is differently impacted by the personal, educational, and social factors under study.","PeriodicalId":303943,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Nawroz University","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135821497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"دور أبعاد الذكاء الأخلاقي في تحقيق التوازن التنظيمي دراسة ميدانية لآراء عينة من التدريسيين في جامعتي صلاح الدين ودهوك","authors":"Chira Majeed Ahmed, Hazeh Khattab Mohammed","doi":"10.25007/ajnu.v12n4a1564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25007/ajnu.v12n4a1564","url":null,"abstract":"يمتلك الذكاء الأخـلاقي أهـمـيـة كـبـيرة، من خلال تأثيره الإيـجـابي عـلـى جـميـع مـظاهـر الـحـياة، وتمـكين الـفـرد مـن مـعـالجـة المـعـلومـات والخصائص الأخلاقية وإدارة ذاته بالطريقة التي تمكنه من التصرف بشكلٍ صحيح ويتوافق مع الأخلاقيات المطلوبة، أمـا التـوازن التنظيمي فيؤدي إلى تـحـقيـق مـسـتـويات عـالـية مـن الـرضـا الـوظيفـي وتـعـزيز الـسـعـادة الوظيفية للأفراد العاملين في المنظمة أو الجامعة وتحسين الأداء والإنتاجية الخاصة بهم داخل الجامعة، أي أن التوازن التنظيمي يُعتبر من المفاهيم الضرورية والمهمة التي تساعد الجامعة على الوصول إلى أهدافها وتحقيق النجاح، وإن عدم التوازن داخل أي تنظيم يؤدي إلى تكوين شعور سلبي وزيادة حالات عدم الرضى عن الجامعة أو المنظمة التي ينتمي إليها. يهدف البحث الحالي إلى تسليط الضوء على الدور الذي يلعبه الذكاء الأخلاقي في تحقيق التوازن التنظيمي، من خلال إستطلاع آراء عينة من التدريسيين في جامعتي دهوك وصلاح الدين والبالغ عددهم (262) فرداً تجاه متغيرات البحث عن طريق إستمارة الإستبيان والتي تم تحليلها من خلال إتباع عدد من المقاييس والإختبارات والمؤشرات الإحصائية وباستخدام برنامج (V.26 SPSS)، إذ توصل البحث إلى مجموعة من الإستنتاجات، من أهمها وجود مستويات عالية من التلازم أو الترابط ما بين متغيرات الدراسة، والتي تدل على أنه كلما تحسنت مستويات الذكاء الأخلاقي في الجامعات المبحوثة، فإن ذلك يسهم في تحسين مستويات التوازن التنظيمي والعكس صحيح، كما وتم تقديم عدد من المقترحات للجامعات المبحوثة أهمها، تحفيز الجامعات المبحوثة للتدريسيين لديها على التحلي بمباديء الذكاء الأخلاقي؛ لكونه يؤدي إلى زيادة الإلتزام وتحمل المسؤولية وأداء الأنشطة والواجبات الموكلة إليهم.","PeriodicalId":303943,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Nawroz University","volume":"6 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135820432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"هەرێما کوردستانێ و بنیاتنانا سیستەمێ سیاسی ل عیراقا فیدرال دا","authors":"Walat Mohammed Fatah, Sardar Musa Sharif","doi":"10.25007/ajnu.v12n4a1467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25007/ajnu.v12n4a1467","url":null,"abstract":"عیراق وەک دەولەتەکا فیدرالی دهێتە هژمارتن، ژ وان دەولەتایە یێن خودان سیستەمەکێ سیاسی یێ ئالۆز، کو هەرێمێن ئەڤان جورە وەلاتان ب رێژەکێ د سەربەخوونە بەراورد دگەل دەولەتێن سیستەمێ حوکمرانیا وان وان یێ ئاسان(بسیط). لەورا لدویڤ ئەڤێ چەندێ یەکەیێن وێ یێن حوکمدار دەستهەلاتا خو یا سەربەخوو ل سەر هاولاتیێن خو هەیە د چارچوڤێ بیاڤەکێ جوگرافی یێ دەستنیشانکری دا. و دەستهەلاتێن هەر ئێك ژ دەستهلاتداریێن فیدرالی و دەستهەلاتداریێن هەرێمێن فیدرالی ژ لایێ ده‌ستورێ‌ عیراقیڤە دهێنە دەستنیشانكرن ئەو ده‌ستورێ‌ رادبیت ب رێكخستنا پەیوەندیێ‌ د ناڤبەرا حكومەتا فیدرالی و حكومەتێن هەرێماندا، هەرێم د دەولەتا فیدرالدا داگێرانێ‌ ژ پشكەكا سەروەریا خۆ یا ناڤخۆیی دكەت ژ بۆ بەرژەوەندیا حكومەتا فیدرال و پشكا دی بۆ خۆ دپارێزیت، دیسان داگیرانێ‌ ژ سەروەریا خۆیا دەرڤەژی دكەت، ژبۆ بەرژەوەندیا حكومەتا فیدرال و ئەو یاسا و بریارێن ژ حكومەتا فیدرال دەردكەڤن د چوارچووڤێ‌ دەستهەلاتێن وێ‌ یێن ده‌ستوریدا دڤێت هەمی پێگیریێ پێ‌ بكەن، ل سەر ئاستێ‌ دەولەتا فیدرالیدا، ئەو یاسا و بڕیارێن ژ دەستهەلاتداریێن هەرێما دەردكەڤن ب تنێ‌ دێ‌ ئەو هەرێم یا پێگیر بیت ئەوا ئەو یاسا دەرئێخستین. دەستهەلاتدارێن فیدرالی (یێن ئێكگرتی) خۆدان دەستهەلاتێن سروشتێ‌ و سەروەرینە، نەخاسمە یێن گرێدایی د بوارێن ده‌ره‌كى یێن دەولەتا فیدراليدا، وه‌كى نوینەراتیا دبلوماسی ل دەرڤە، ئەنجامدانا كارێ‌ دبلوماسی، چوونا دناڤا رێككەفتنێن نیڤدەولەتیدا، راگەهاندنا شەری و ئاشتیێ وئەندامبوون د رێكخراوێن نیڤدەولەتیدا. ژبەر ئه‌وێ‌ چەندێ‌ پێدڤی خواندنەك بهێتە كرن ل سەر ڕۆلێ‌ هەرێمان د ئاڤاكرنا سیستەمێ‌ سیاسیدا ل دەولەتێن فیدرالی، ئەوژی ژ بۆ دیاركرنا ڕۆلێ‌ (هەرێما كوردستان) ێ‌ د ڤێ‌ چەندێ‌دا وەك (بوارەكێ‌ خواندنێ‌). رەوایییا فیدرالیەتێ‌ پالپشتیێ ددەتە ل سەر وان رێكێن سنۆر نەخشەدكەن د سیستەمێ‌ فیدرالیدا و ب رێكا وان دەستهەلاتداری دهێنە دابەشكرن، ل دەمێ‌ فیدرالیەت كاردكەت، بۆ رازیبوون ل سەر ڤان داخوازییان، ئەڤە دێ‌ باوەریێ د ناڤ خەلكيدا موكوم كەت كو كو خه‌لكى مافێ‌ هەى چارەنڤیسێ‌ خو دیاربكەت و ب هه‌مى ره‌نگه‌كى سه‌روه‌ريا خۆ بكاربينيت. هەرێما كوردستانێ‌ ژبەر وی مافێ‌ ده‌ستوری و سیستەمێ‌ سازیان هەیی ل هەرێمێ‌ خۆدان (سەربەخۆیا ده‌ستوری، سەربەخۆیا یاسا دانانێ‌ سەربەخۆیا بجهـ ئینانێ‌، سەربەخۆیا دادوەری، سەربەخۆیا دارایی)، ژبەر ئه‌ڤێ‌ چەندێ‌ دێ‌ بینین (هەرێمێن فیدرالی) و ژوانا ژی هەرێما كوردستانێ‌ ڕۆلەكێ‌ بنەرەتی دگێرن د ئاڤاكرنا سیستەمێ‌ سیاسیدا، ئەڤەژی ژ ئەنجامێ‌ وی ڕۆلێيه‌‌ يێ ئەو هەرێم پێ‌ رادبن د جێگیركرنا بنەرەتێن رابوونا دەولەتێدا، زێدەباری ئەنجامدانا دەستهەلاتداریان بۆ دەستهەلاتێن خۆ یێن (یاسادانانێ‌ و بجهـ ئینانێ‌ و دادوەریێ).","PeriodicalId":303943,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Nawroz University","volume":"41 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135869086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal Variations of some Physico-chemical Properties of Drinking Water in Akre District, Kurdistan Region – Iraq","authors":"Bawar Sh. Tahir, Qays Barany, Lamya Muhammad, Hasan Mezori","doi":"10.25007/ajnu.v12n4a1196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25007/ajnu.v12n4a1196","url":null,"abstract":"Drinking water considers one of the main concerns in most developing countries. The current study aimed to evaluate the quality of drinking water in Akre district, Kurdistan Region – Iraq in four different seasons, and to compare them with WHO standards. Drinking water samples were collected from seven densely populated quarters of the city. The samples were analyzed for their physico-chemical and heavy metal quality. Physico-chemical parameters were temperature, turbidity, Electrical conductivity “EC”, pH, Total Dissolved Solids “TDS”, Chlorine “Cl- ”, Sulphate “SO4-2”, Nitrate “NO3”, Sodium “Na+”, Zinc “Zn”, Copper “Cu”, total alkalinity, total hardness, Cadmium “Cd” and Plumbum “Pb”. These are indications of polluted water and weak treatment practice, which in turn will cause many human health problems. The results from this study showed that almost all the water samples were normal in compare to the WHO guidelines, except for the total alkalinity, total hardness, Cd and Pb, were showed to be higher than WHO standards in some locations. Therefore, the study recommends the city authorities to improve their drinking water treatment or use alternative water supply to have a better drinking water.","PeriodicalId":303943,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Nawroz University","volume":"37 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135820047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ههوڵهكانی بهرهنگاربوونهوهی تیرۆری ئهلكترۆنی","authors":"Shari Khalid Maouf Nanakli, Rasool Hassan Rasool","doi":"10.25007/ajnu.v12n4a1580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25007/ajnu.v12n4a1580","url":null,"abstract":"ئەو پێشکەوتن و گۆڕانکاریانەی کە جیهان لە بوارە جیاجیاکاندا شاهیدی بووە، بەتایبەتی سەرهەڵدانی شۆڕشی زەبەلاحی تەکنەلۆژی،کە جیهانی کردە گوندێکی بچووک،ئەم گۆڕانکاریانە کاریگەرییەکی زۆری هەبوو لە سەرهەڵدانی چەمک و دیاردەی نوێدا کە جیهان نەیدەزانی پێش،و دیارترینی ئەم دیاردانەیە ئەوەیە کە ئێستا پێی دەوترێت تیرۆری ئەلیکترۆنی وەک جۆرێکی نوێی تیرۆری تەقلیدی،کە پەیوەستە بە بەکارهێنانی تەکنەلۆژیای دیجیتاڵی مۆدێرن بۆ ئامانجی سیاسی بە بڵاوکردنەوەی ترس و تیرۆر،بۆیە،تیرۆری ئەلیکترۆنی بریتییە لە خاچ- تاوانی سنووری و مەترسیدار لە هەمان کاتدا کە کاریگەری لەسەر ئاسایش و سەقامگیری وڵاتان،بەتایبەت وڵاتانی پێشکەوتوو،کە زۆر پشت بە تەکنەلۆژیای زانیاری و پەیوەندی لە زۆربەی بوارەکاندا دەبەستن.","PeriodicalId":303943,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Nawroz University","volume":"40 136","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135821007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect Of Aerobic, Anaerobic and Resistance Exercises on Oxidative Stress Status in Healthy Sport Practitioners","authors":"Dilshad Aldoski, Raed Salim Al-Naemi, Azad Ahmed Khalid","doi":"10.25007/ajnu.v12n4a1135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25007/ajnu.v12n4a1135","url":null,"abstract":"The main aim of this study is to assess the effect of three different types of exercises on lipid peroxidation in sports practitioners. The experimental approach was used to conduct the study. Sixty-six healthy male sport practitioners were participated in this study and divided into three experimental groups, each group consist of 22 subjects, the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd groups performed aerobic (AE), anaerobic exercises (AnE), and resistance exercises (RE). Before entering their experimental program, the three groups conducted the beep test for determining the VO2max for each participant, and then the blood and urine samples were taken from each participant. Thereafter, the three groups entered their specific training program for eight weeks 3 times/week. After ending the training programs, the three groups conducted the beep test again. All statistical data analyses were performed using SPSS version 25. For checking the differences between the pre- and post-test for all groups one-way ANOVA with Post Hok-Tukey was conducted. Comparisons between pre-test and post-test within one type of exercise were performed by the paired sample t-test. The effect of the three types of exercise programs for 8 weeks on lipid peroxidation biomarker (urinary MDA level) was varied. Interestingly, the 3 types of sport exercises were found to have a great effect on increasing serum antioxidants levels and decrease the levels of urinary MDA. Following the aerobic exercise, which was found to be significantly the more effective in decreasing the level of urinary MDA than anaerobic and resistance exercises. However, the resistance and aerobic exercises have a greater effect to generate the antioxidants defense than anaerobic exercise.","PeriodicalId":303943,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Nawroz University","volume":"40 16","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135869095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"اتجاهات موجات الحر وتبايناتها المكانية والزمنية في إقليم كوردستان العراق للمدة (1991- 2020)","authors":"Rami Rasho Krtan, Faten Khaled Abdel-Baqi","doi":"10.25007/ajnu.v12n4a1482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25007/ajnu.v12n4a1482","url":null,"abstract":"يختلف توزيع الموجات مكانياً وزمانياً في أي منطقة بسبب مجموعة من العوامل سواء كانت طبيعية أو بشرية، ونجد إن منطقة الدراسة تتعرض بشكل سنوي تقريباً إلى موجات الحر، حيث سجلت (391) موجة حر موزعة بشكل مختلف مكانياً وزمانياً في المنطقة، وتبين إن الجهات الجنوبية والجنوبية الغربية أكثر تعرضاً لموجات الحر، بينما يقل تكرار هذه الموجات كلما اتجهنا نحو الشمالاً والشمال الشرقًي، ويتوضح إن الاتجاه العام لتكرار موجات الحر كان نحو الزيادة في المنطقة وخصوصاً في الفترة (2011- 2020).","PeriodicalId":303943,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Nawroz University","volume":"40 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135819311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Accounting Measurement and Disclosure of Social Capital in Improving Financial Performance","authors":"Rizgar Abdullah Sabir Jaf, Chnar Abdullah Rashid","doi":"10.25007/ajnu.v12n4a1698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25007/ajnu.v12n4a1698","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to investigate the role of accounting measurement and disclosure of social capital (AMDSC) in improving financial performance (FP) in industrial companies in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq-Sulaimani City (KRG). This study uses SPSS to analyze the questionnaire that was sent to 10 industrial companies operating in the iron sector during 2021. Since there is no financial indicator to measure social capital, but it can be measured through a questionnaire at the individual level, therefore this paper uses a questionnaire for this purpose. The outcomes disclose that AMDSC has a significant effect on improving the FP of industrial companies in KRG. SC has a significant influence on FP as it is approved. Thus, this suggests that SC needs to be considered in the companies’ strategy to secure future financing in this area. This paper is limited to the iron sector of KRG/Sulaimani city. Future studies could address other fields, such as management, for instance, the effect of SC in business management or sharing knowledge. Or financial accounting, for example, the role of SC in improving profitability or liquidity, and so on. This paper focuses on improving financial performance in industrial companies in KRG and Sulaimani City through considering social capital in their companies’ strategies, as there was no concern for SC in KRG before.","PeriodicalId":303943,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Nawroz University","volume":"20 94","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135820434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Teaching and Learning Simultaneous Interpreting at Kurdistan Region Universities: Challenges and Strategies","authors":"Alaa Khorshid Ahmed, Shivan Shlaymoon Toma","doi":"10.25007/ajnu.v12n4a1478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25007/ajnu.v12n4a1478","url":null,"abstract":"Simultaneous Interpreting (SI henceforth) is a mode of oral translation which plays an important role in the realm of translation. SI is unlike written translation where the prior is more difficult when it comes to practice in the field. Moreover, SI is an exclusive skill which requires more than an ability to speak many languages. It is a process that leads people to communicate directly across cultural boundaries. The key problem is how to mitigate or overcome SI obstacles. This problematic area is going to be investigated in this study. The main aim of this study is to highlight the key challenges and problems facing the process of teaching and learning SI, then to find out strategies to address all the challenges of teaching and learning SI that instructors and students are currently facing. This study hypothesizes that having neither facilities nor well-trained teachers pose problems for teaching and learning SI at the Departments of Translation; students are troubled by learning SI at translation departments since there are many obstacles; and teachers struggling with having no equipment, deficiency in student’s level, and many other problems. The findings of this study revealed a number of obstacles that are addressed by students and instructors. Then some suitable solutions are raised to either mitigate or overcome them. The conclusions verified the validity of the hypotheses of the present study and ended up with a number of conclusions and recommendations.","PeriodicalId":303943,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Nawroz University","volume":"20 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135876307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Roadmap on Privacy, Security, Trust, Identity Management, and Resilience: Wireless Sensor Networks and Internet of Things Architectures","authors":"Idrees Sarhan Kocher","doi":"10.25007/ajnu.v12n4a1116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25007/ajnu.v12n4a1116","url":null,"abstract":"As everything around us will be linked to the net in many ways via the Internet of Things (IoTs) and compared to the standard Internet, new forms of problems and complications can arise. Huge IoTs experiments are currently under way, most of which concern its sight, supporting technology, software, or facilities. Recently, a limited studies have comprehensively defined the security requirements such as privacy concerns, security, and trusting in the IoTs that are deemed special to the future net, these terms need to be discussed and addressed via numerous scholars and research groups as well. This article surveyed through 102 references from popular literature databases to explore the features properties that define the distinctive IoT relating to forthcoming privacy, security and trust issues. Then created security requirements that were triggered by the mentioned properties. This article examined the privacy, security, trust and resilience components of the three most popular IoT architectures in consideration of the requirements as well. Also, this survey contributed to the state-of-the-art security issues for embedded devices in Internet of Things world including provide a comparative table of well-known secure routing protocols and their countermeasures to well-known attacks on Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) structure of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) within Internet of Things world. Finally, this survey identifies a number of study gaps that will serve as the foundation for future research.","PeriodicalId":303943,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Nawroz University","volume":"186 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135933163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}