{"title":"Evaluation of caching strategies for an Internet server","authors":"A. Reddy","doi":"10.1109/MMCS.1997.609584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMCS.1997.609584","url":null,"abstract":"We look at a number of issues in organizing a file system cache in an Internet multimedia server. Traces from NCSA World-Wide-Web (WWW) server are used in this study. We study several caching strategies for improving the overall performance of such a server and show that request response time can be improved by some of the replacement policies that take size of the request into account. The new policies perform better as the video/audio content increases in the file system workload. We also show that previously proposed cache sharing strategies improve performance significantly in these multimedia servers.","PeriodicalId":302885,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems","volume":"77 3-4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114121278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of multimedia components","authors":"F. V. C. Ficarra","doi":"10.1109/MMCS.1997.609769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMCS.1997.609769","url":null,"abstract":"New forms for structuring information in interactive systems, for example, Internet, multimedia, etc. require a process of continual quality control to maintain and promote user-computer communication, especially at the design stage. The author presents the first results of the heuristic evaluation of multimedia products. He has used HDM (Hypermedia Design Model) concepts. Moreover, the work gives a rough state-of-the-art view of the structure, dynamics, contents and layout of the main components of a multimedia application.","PeriodicalId":302885,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114272976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tracking deformable objects with the active contour model","authors":"Yun-Ting Lin, Yuh-Lin Chang","doi":"10.1109/MMCS.1997.609779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMCS.1997.609779","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a new algorithm for motion tracking of deformable objects by using the active contour model (snake). For robustness, the motion estimation confidence is combined into the snake energy function. Possible degradation measures are also studied for performance monitoring in an interactive tracking system.","PeriodicalId":302885,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115469410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new multimedia synchronization specification method for temporal and spatial events","authors":"J. Nang, Sujin Kang","doi":"10.1109/MMCS.1997.609598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMCS.1997.609598","url":null,"abstract":"The paper proposes a new multimedia synchronization specification method, called SSTS (Synchronization Specification method for Temporal and Spatial events) that can specify spatial events as well as temporal events synchronizations between multiple media objects in a single framework. In this proposed method, temporal and spatial events of a media object are specified as nodes, and their temporal relations are specified as edges, in a synchronization specification graph. This approach helps to easily specify the temporal relation that one temporal or spatial event triggers other temporal or spatial events without breaking the media object into several independent media objects. The paper also presents a prototype authoring system based on SSTS with ScriptX under Windows95 to show the usefulness of proposed specification method.","PeriodicalId":302885,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123421941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Schedulability analysis for desktop multimedia applications: simple ways to handle general-purpose operating systems and open environments","authors":"Erik Cota-Robles, J. P. Held, Thomas J. Barnes","doi":"10.1109/MMCS.1997.609759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMCS.1997.609759","url":null,"abstract":"Unlike traditional real-time applications, multimedia applications are commonly deployed on top of general-purpose operating systems in open environments. Because Rate Monotonic Analysis (RMA) assumes that the total system workload is known in advance and uses worst case values for operating system overhead (e.g., context switch time), it has not been usable for personal computer and workstation based multimedia applications. We extend RMA to model systems where these OS services have highly non-deterministic timing behavior and where the total system workload is not specified in advance. We validate our techniques by modeling a video telephony application based on Intel's ProShare(R) technology.","PeriodicalId":302885,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122960695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Scalability of audio quality for networked multimedia environments","authors":"R. Bertram, R. Steinmetz","doi":"10.1109/MMCS.1997.609605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMCS.1997.609605","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of listening tests performed with users of multimedia applications the authors present constraints for a dynamic adaptation (scaling) of audio data streams to the available system and network resources. For the speech medium any severe deformation of frequency characteristics should be avoided, while shortening and expanding of speech pauses is suitable to cope with varying delays. For the music medium the best scaling algorithm is a smooth fade between quality levels. Scaling resulting in lower quality should be performed in multiple steps, while in scaling towards higher quality any approach can be chosen. It appears that six levels of quality are sufficient for scaling of music from high quality (CD) to very low quality (cellular phone) and vice versa. In their proposal of a dynamic QoS centered architecture, where the bit rate and scheduling of associated media streams are adapted dynamically, the highest possible QoS for the user has to be taken into account.","PeriodicalId":302885,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122899989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dynamic management of multimedia applications and multilevel QOS specification","authors":"Ali Marefat","doi":"10.1109/MMCS.1997.609777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMCS.1997.609777","url":null,"abstract":"Offering to multimedia applications an acceptable level of quality of service (QOS) is a challenging problem that need high performance mechanisms both in the network and the end systems. To provide the network with the level of service requested, QOS specification is a crucial phase. This phase is used not only for negotiations with the end system(s) but also indicating the way different media are associated, or split up, before being transmitted as a single bit stream. The use of a multilevel QOS model is discussed, as a support for QOS specification, call admission optimization and dynamic resource and connection management.","PeriodicalId":302885,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125504504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Renegotiated CBR transmission in interactive video-on-demand system","authors":"Noriaki Kamiyama, Victor O. K. Li","doi":"10.1109/MMCS.1997.609516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMCS.1997.609516","url":null,"abstract":"An interactive video-on-demand (IVOD) system requires transmission bandwidth allocation for each user. Since the volume of data in each video frame is variable, dynamic bandwidth allocation is desirable. In this paper, a new scheme that dynamically determines required bandwidth based on the queue length at the viewer's set-top box (STB) is proposed. Although this method is in the renegotiated CBR (constant bit rate) category, it requires no precalculation, so it is easily applied to IVOD. The variance of the video transmission rate for each user is an important factor as it affects the service quality of other multiplexed traffic. It is desirable that the transmission rate is changed gradually. A multi-layer concept is introduced to achieve this. Through numerical evaluation using actual movie data, we demonstrate that the variance of the transmission rate is close to the optimal value and the bandwidth utilization is close to unity.","PeriodicalId":302885,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems","volume":"162 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127409303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Implementation and evaluation of a multimedia file system","authors":"T. Niranjan, T. Chiueh, Gerhard A. Schloss","doi":"10.1109/MMCS.1997.609602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMCS.1997.609602","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes the implementation and evaluation of MMFS, a Multimedia File System that extends the UNIX File System (UFS) specifically for interactive multimedia applications. MMFS supports a two-dimensional file structure for single-medium editing and multiple-media playback environments. The API allows the communication of application-specific information to MMFS for performance optimization. MMFS significantly improves interactive playback performance by supporting intelligent prefetching and state-based caching, prioritized real-time disk scheduling, and synchronized multi-stream retrieval. In addition to improved response time for VCR-like playback modes, the MMFS optimizations lead to minimal synchronization skew during multi-stream retrievals, and orders-of-magnitude reduction in response time for editing operations, when compared to UFS.","PeriodicalId":302885,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133600234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A line string image representation for image storage and retrieval","authors":"Wen-Chen Hu, G. Ritter","doi":"10.1109/MMCS.1997.609754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MMCS.1997.609754","url":null,"abstract":"Efficient storage and flexible retrieval are two principle needs in an image database. Image representation is the crucial factor in fulfilling these requirements. The paper proposes an image representation, including an image data structure and a spatial knowledge representation, that will facilitate the above two demands. The proposed data structure, called a line string, encodes an image via a string of skeletal lines and retrieves an image through string matching. The proposed spatial representation, called an OOLS, provides a structural and easy way to specify the line string in a database query. The paper also compares space needs and matching speed of line strings to other string data structures.","PeriodicalId":302885,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127246903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}