Journal of Intercultural Management最新文献

{"title":"Covid-19 Pandemic; Recession, Virtual Revolution Leading to De-globalization?","authors":"Ł. Sułkowski","doi":"10.2478/joim-2020-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/joim-2020-0029","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective: The article is an attempt to make a diagnosis about the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on global trends, including organizational processes in enterprises, and challenges for organization leaders in many areas. Issues such as recession phase in which the economy will find itself, de-globalization and the increase in virtualization of both the economy and entire societies are discussed in the article. Methodology: The research method is a review of the literature, not very extensive, on the subject. There is a lack of research on social and cultural consequences of Covid-19 pandemics, and at the same time we are experiencing a flood of media information. The author is aware that impact assessment is subject to uncertainty and that it must be multidimensional. Findings: The review of the literature, as well as reports from financial institutions, show that the economies of individual countries are entering a phase of stagnation and recession. This will probably lead to a global recession. The text indicates the sectors and types of enterprises that will be most affected by the changes. The article proves that governments’ attitude to health care functions may change, as well as the role of states and international financial institutions. Virtualization of communication seems to be an important change. It is difficult to answer the question whether a pandemic will affect globalization or de-globalization, government decisions at national level are significant, but they draw from international experience. Value Added: The article becomes an important voice on the impact of a pandemic on the functioning of the economy and globalization. Recommendations: A question was posed demanding further analyses: whether strengthening the central government would mean de-globalization tendencies. It seems that the virtualization of social and economic life will continue after the pandemic expires, which needs to be confirmed. The impact of the pandemic on the world should be the subject of many research studies in the future.","PeriodicalId":302686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intercultural Management","volume":"514 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132622775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing Expats and Their Effectiveness: A Comparative Study","authors":"P. Papadopoulos, Z. Ezziane","doi":"10.2478/joim-2020-0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/joim-2020-0035","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective: This paper investigates how expatriates and UAE citizens understand the effectiveness of expats’ performance and significance in the workplace. In addition, it explores the difficulty of managing expats to achieve operational excellence. Methodology: A questionnaire was sent to over 1000 subjects whose feedback was analysed using descriptive statistics. A t-test has been used for the inferential part whenever requirements allowed it; in case this was not possible, a Mann-Whitney U test was used. Findings: The results of the conducted statistical analysis suggest that expats think it is difficult to be managed in the UAE compared to the locals who find it relatively easy to manage them. Furthermore, expats believe their effectiveness as a distinct competency to organizations is much higher compared to UAE citizens. Value Added: The results of the conducted statistical analysis point some important conclusions about the way that expats and local Emiratis view differently in managing expats and effectiveness of expats. Recommendations: A further research of this study can be done by examining various types of firms and organizations, by distinguishing them based on their provided services. Comparison among the 7 emirates could also be examined. Comparison between the views of different nationalities of the expats would be very interesting. Other parameters to be examined include age, educational level, nationality (or country of origin), and marital status of the participants.","PeriodicalId":302686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intercultural Management","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128093078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Social Media on Talent Search and Acquisition: Evidence from Contemporary Literature","authors":"Md. Sajjad Hosain, Ping Liu","doi":"10.2478/joim-2020-0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/joim-2020-0034","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective: The main objective of this paper is to explore/investigate the role of social media in searching and acquiring the talented employees and the appropriate rationales behind and ways of using the social media for such purposes with due advantages and risks involved. Methodology: This paper uses the literatures published from 2010 to 2019 to highlight the research on social media influence on searching talent for organizations. For due purpose, Scopus and ResearchGate databases have been utilized to search the papers using the keywords such as social media, social networking sites, online recruitment & selection, candidate screening, hiring, human resources management and talent search. Findings: Although social media is getting popular among employers, they are not utilizing this platform as the main rather as secondary sources. LinkedIn is the most preferred source among the employers for searching and acquiring talents. Value Added: The paper is expected to contribute to the existing literature through an in-depth literature survey as well provide some proper guidelines for the HR professionals to conduct efficient search and recruitment. Recommendations: The authors have provided some action recommendations based on the literature survey such as (a) the recruiters should make proper reliability and validity tests of the information collected through social media, (b) organizations that intends to use social media information need to develop a proper and transparent social media policy and user codes of conduct, (c) the codes of conducts should be linked to the training manual of the HR professionals who involve in talent search and acquisition, (d) organizations should use social media for searching talents more than screening/selecting, (e) social media should be used as a secondary instrument rather than the sole one; and (f) organizations/hiring professionals should focus only on job related information and professional social media (such as LinkedIn).","PeriodicalId":302686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intercultural Management","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114505228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Process Management: the Case of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office","authors":"Marta Mazur-Małek","doi":"10.2478/joim-2020-0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/joim-2020-0032","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective: The objective of the article is to mark the introduction of process changes in relation to the Emergency Travel Document service by The Foreign & Commonwealth Office. The paper analyses the changes and relates them to process and cost management strategies. Thus, it presents how process efficiency may be managed Methodology: The article is of a theoretical and practical nature. The method used in the theoretical part is a review of literature on process management. The second part includes an analysis of The Foreign & Commonwealth Office’s own documents. Findings: The use of digitalization greatly facilitates the process for British citizens who are abroad and need to obtain a travel document. This facilitation applies to both customers and FCO employees. Numerous factors influence the processing time reduction, which in turn increases productivity. Value Added: This article presents an example of the practical use of digitization in the process of issuing the Emergency Travel Document. The value is to show the impact of modern technologies on improving the processes for the organization itself (in the form of optimizing operational costs and increasing efficiency) and for the customers. Recommendations: The use of digitization can be successfully implemented to streamline organizational processes. It can help in reducing their time and limiting human involvement. Increased productivity lowers the cost of a single unit of the service. The changes allow for a more standardized and repeatable service. The approach can be used to manage processes in any organization; though practical implications outlined in the text can serve as an example for other organizations offering similar services.","PeriodicalId":302686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intercultural Management","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128549340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Priority Areas of Poland’s Development in Line with EU Policy (Smart Specializations) – Poland’s Food Security and Climate Change","authors":"D. Michalak, E. Wulf","doi":"10.2478/joim-2019-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/joim-2019-0028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective: The purpose of this article is to determine whether the problem of climate change has been included in the smart specialization programs as one that significantly determines the food security of a given region. Methodology: For this purpose an analysis of provincial programs/strategies for the development was made. The programs indicate areas of importance for the region (the desk research method was used, which is a research method involving the analysis of available data). Value Added: The starting point for the considerations taken in the article is the Strategy for smart and sustainable development, which sets out the objectives and priorities of the European Union for the years between 2010 and 2020 [EC, 2010]. In response to the above mentioned strategies, the Ministry of Development in Poland has distinguished National Smart Specializations (KIS) [Internet source A], their idea is to identify key sectors for the socio-economic development of the country and their financial support from EU funds (Smart Development Operational Program - POIR). The five sectors of smart specialization include agri-food, forestry and environmental bio-economy, which emphasize the importance of increasing the country’s food security and improving food quality. Regional Innovation Strategies (RSI) are the response to KIS. They distinguish the smart specializations of the region, and their assumptions and goals are to be appropriate for the characteristics of the region. One of the biggest challenges of today is the climate change, which significantly affects the productivity of the agricultural industry. The European Commission in the White Paper and in its subsequent regulations emphasized the need to support local, regional, national and EU activities which will increase readiness and ability to respond to the effects of climate change (EC, 2013). Is it true that in connection with the above, the issue of adaptation of climate change to agricultural, as one of the important elements conditioning food security of the country, was taken into account when creating the concept of smart specializations? They do not decisively affect adaptation activities in the country, individual regions and industries, but in principle they are intended to raise important and current issues for the development of the country, and climate change and its consequences are undoubtedly such an issue. Recommendations: The analysis of Most Voivodeship Development Strategies carried out shows lack the appropriate form. The scientific language and extensive documentation make it difficult to complete tasks, fail to reach the right recipient, and promote excessive bureaucracy. This is probably not conducive to the development of innovation, but only drives bureaucracy and generates unnecessary costs.","PeriodicalId":302686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intercultural Management","volume":"768 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123279933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing the Motivation of Human Potential via Identifying with the Meaning of the Business Activity","authors":"Dominika Hriníková","doi":"10.2478/joim-2019-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/joim-2019-0025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective: The purpose of this article was to analyse the impact of the meaning of business activity on employees’ motivation. In the article, the basic contexts between the terms within the studied issue were presented. Methodology: Several methods and thought processes have been used in the article, such as analysis, synthesis, comparison, abstraction, or questionnaire survey. After analysing the theoretical background, questionnaires, interviews and observations were conducted and evaluated and their results led to the creation of specific recommendations. The research was carried out periodically in 2016 and subsequently in 2018. Findings: The basic sense of the functioning of the company must be properly explained to the employees in order to increase the level of their motivation. Only if employees identify themselves with the tasks assigned, they will take responsibility for them and will be willing to work with enthusiasm and interest. Such behaviour will have an impact on improving the efficiency of work performance and individual processes, which will also increase the overall efficiency of the organization. The first questionnaire survey revealed the high positive impact of several factors on increasing employee motivation. For example: interest in work; strive to be a good employee of the company; involvement in the workplace. The respondents of the second survey identified involvement in decision-making and participation in problem solving as important factors. Value Added: The core value of this article is based on the recommended model. In addition to the model that illustrates the basic elements in employee identification with the business meaning, a mechanism has been created to achieve this goal. If this mechanism, consisting of six key points, is used to implement a project, it can be assumed that employees will understand the importance of specific tasks. Recommendations: Motivation as an inner force of shifting a person – an employee – to achieve specific goals can be influenced by the motivation process. This process uses specific motivational tools to influence the behaviour of individuals. In line with this idea, the motivation of employees should be explored and encouraged. The main recommendation is to pay attention to identification of employees with the business meaning. In this case, employees will be involved in the decision-making, will be identified with the assigned tasks and will be willing to work with enthusiasm and interest.","PeriodicalId":302686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intercultural Management","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125650552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compliance Risk Management in Polish and German Companies","authors":"M. Gorgoń, K. Raczkowski, Felix Kraft","doi":"10.2478/joim-2019-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/joim-2019-0026","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective: This article focuses on the analysis of cultural similarities and differences important in terms of the compliance risk management in Polish and German enterprises, with the deliberate omission of Hofstede’s four cultural dimensions, in favour of the modified E. Schein’s model. This article explains the basic concept of risk management culture, the compliance risk and the essence of the compliance management system in Poland and Germany as well as the impact of cultural factors of each of the analysed countries on the development of compliance. The research objective of this paper is to present a comparative analysis of the examined countries, through the analysis of compliance management systems, as an indispensable element of risk management in an organisation, both in practical and formal terms. Methodology: This research is based on a critical review of the source literature and inference with assigned classical and fuzzy logic values as part of the culture description and risk management. Findings: The initial hypothesis is that the compliance risk management in companies in Poland and Germany has common and standardised features of the Community legal standards, which can be differently displayed from the declarative and actual point of view in Germany, due to an increase in internationalisation and intercultural relations. Value Added: This article presents the theoretical significance and functions of compliance risk management based on an analysis of applicable compliance systems and cultural systems in Poland and in Germany. Recommendations: The compliance risk management system is an essential risk management mechanism in organisations, both in formal and practical terms. It should take into account both the cultural diversity of the regions in Germany and the high cultural and ethnic homogeneity of enterprises in Poland – open, however, to cultural diversity.","PeriodicalId":302686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intercultural Management","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116084033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legal Compliance Systems – a Necessary Mechanism in Organizational Risk Management","authors":"Gabriela Stradomska, Alicja B. Tolwinska, Walter Kegö","doi":"10.2478/joim-2019-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/joim-2019-0024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective: Compliance is currently seen as an integral structure of managing financial organizations and it is widely gaining popularity in other types of companies. However, despite model solutions being widespread across the world, there are still many problems due to the lack of effective business compliance management systems meeting the expectations of managers or executives. This is caused by not only incessant legislative changes, but also the multilateral character and function of compliance norms in legal practice and theory. The research purpose of this theoretical dissertation is to demonstrate that legal compliance management systems are a necessary tool for organizational risk management, both formally and practically. Methodology: This research intends to study the impact of compliance on effectiveness of administrative bodies and private sector participants as part of the methodology in the form of a theoretical article Findings: The initial hypothesis states that normative compliance first introduced in financial institutions is becoming an organizational standard in risk management, directly affecting the quality and systemic management processes. Value Added: This article discusses the theoretical meaning and functions of compliance, in terms of both EU law and one of its member states, namely Poland. The choice of Poland as the subject of the study in comparison with the EU is motivated by the fact that this year Poland enforced a rather strict system of legal norms, comprising a broad code of compliance as part of the draft act on the responsibility of collective entities. Recommendations: The system of legal compliance is a necessary mechanism of risk management in organizations, in both formal and practical sense, immediately strengthening the very traditional functions of management.","PeriodicalId":302686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intercultural Management","volume":"515 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123080871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Problems with Modernizing Human Resources in The Lithuanian Service Sector","authors":"Aleksandras Bortnikas","doi":"10.2478/joim-2019-0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/joim-2019-0027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective: Problems in modernizing human resources of Lithuania’s service sector are discussed in the article. The objective of the article is to reveal the issues of human resources modernization, identify the trends and measures for human resources’ modernization in the service sector of Lithuania. The process of human resource management is understood as a continuous procedure where the main activities are planning, recruitment, selection, socialization, training and improvement, assessment of activity, promotion, displacement, downgrading or dismissal. The essential trends and measures for modernizing management of human resources is strategic management of human resources, growth of employee competencies and development of electronic human resources. Noteworthy to mention that in the modern world, when striving for competitive advantage, it is important to follow the guidelines of strategic management of human resources. The significance of information technologies cannot be forgotten, because the instalment of these technologies helps to coordinate innovations in science, originality and practical experience, all of which is oriented towards creation of new services and products for the society. Methodology: The research methods are based on the insights of the researchers using the analysis of scientific literature and synthesis methods. The study analyzes issues related to the modernization of human resources management in the Lithuanian service sector. Findings: Summarizing the study results, aspects of a modern organizational culture can be distinguished: promotion of friendly communication among employees (this allows solving problems in the organization among employees without the need for the employer to interrupt); constructive conflict solving with the help of a mediator; an employee who is valued in the organization becomes initiative, able to independently make decisions, is more involved in achieving goals of the organization; organizational culture is being modernized by promoting employee creativeness, or through pleasant and beneficial tasks; a manager in a modern organization is distinguished by a democratic leading style, is not a sole controller – decisions are made with the involvement of the entire team; it is modern to seek for a high level of service provision (not to be only profit-oriented). Value Added: Based on the results of the research, a way of modernizing human resource management in Lithuanian catering establishments was suggested in order to maintain high level of services provided by modern motivation methods and other elements of the organizational culture model. Recommendations: Summarizing the results of the research it is possible to distinguish aspects of modern organization culture, which showed that modernization of human resource management in Lithuanian catering establishments includes ensuring of microclimate in the organization; healthy workplace emotional and physical well-being; employ","PeriodicalId":302686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intercultural Management","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125953578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a City Brand","authors":"Irena Alperytė, Margarita Išoraitė","doi":"10.2478/joim-2019-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/joim-2019-0022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article analyses theoretical aspects of a city brand definition, applying cases of various brands of Lithuanian cities. A brand is any sign or symbol which helps to distinguish goods or services for one person from the goods or services of another, and which may be represented graphically. The brand can be a variety of symbols, their combination, and other visual manifestations of information, such as words, names, slogans, letters, numbers, drawings, emblems; or spatial characteristics of the product itself – its image, packaging, shape, color, color combination or a combination of all these. City development usually includes an image dimension. The common ground for this is that a well-known toponym often generates events, investments, etc. Many cities are actively positioning and promoting their strategic intentions. Often times a city brand is associated with its fight for investment, tourist numbers, or successful businesses. Objective: To scrutinize relevant theories applicable to city visual branding; to look through various definitions of the city branding and envisage some advantages and disadvantages they might pose; and to analyze various case studies so that we could summarize the methodologies of why and how we could better position our local products globally. Methodology: The case study methods were used as part of a complex study and combined with in-depth interviews as well as benchmarking methods from various sources. In-depth interview method was used to obtain expert opinions on the subject. The in-depth interview method helped to analyze logo usage, goals, define pros and cons, and evaluate the results of logo design in urban development. This method was chosen to collect detailed and authentic material based on the attitudes and experiences of those involved in such a creative process. Findings: The conclusion was reached that since a place prompts a lot of variables, in the future we need to consider more numerous components, such as population, industries, landscape, economies or history, etc. The hypothesis was confirmed about the variables of the city to be further considered for (re)branding, such as the cost, semantic complexity, societal charge, and the dynamics (changeability, or rigidity). As for the methodologies, we arrived at the conclusion that the best way to create a viable city brand is a collaboration between different stakeholders. Value Added: The article adds to European experts’ suggestion of rethinking the concept of design itself, as until now a one-sided approach to design as a means of schematizing a product has prevailed. This approach, even regulated by Lithuanian law, does not cover the whole process of creating and implementing an idea. “Design is a problem-solving approach that focuses on the user during its development. It can be applied in both the public and private sectors to promote innovation in products, services, processes and even legislation,” says Dr Anna Whicher, expert ","PeriodicalId":302686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intercultural Management","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121696505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}