Signo Pub Date : 2022-01-03 DOI: 10.17058/signo.v47i88.17382

Sofya Evdokimova

引用次数: 0

Psycholinguistics of AI, Psycholinguistics versus Machine code 人工智能的心理语言学、心理语言学与机器码

Signo Pub Date : 2022-01-03 DOI: 10.17058/signo.v47i88.16945

Jacques Coulardeau

{"title":"Psycholinguistics of AI, Psycholinguistics versus Machine code","authors":"Jacques Coulardeau","doi":"10.17058/signo.v47i88.16945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17058/signo.v47i88.16945","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: I will examine the background of the language phylogeny in emerging Homo Sapiens as a fast, bipedal, long-distance runner in Black Africa;, followed by language psychogenesis in children from their gestation twenty-fourth week onward. I will concentrate on the audio-visual machiness impact, Lacan’s mirror stage, AV machines, the discontinuity between real and virtual realities, the remote control and AI machines as smart speakers and smart homes. In addition, I will discuss the following questions: Is the Machine beyond human intelligence? Is the human individual beyond Homo Sapiens? Is the human community beyond social contract? My working hypotheses on education within phylogenetic psycholinguistics are built on the following topics: Tomorrow’s AI class (unit and room); guided self-learning and who is the guide; can transference and countertransference take place in AI-guided self-learning? Can a human subject develop such transference/countertransference with a machine? Can a machine “play the game”? In conclusion, I will debate “The utopian vision of an improved human being versus the dystopic vision of human beings and human communities totally enslaved to AI machines.\u0000Keywords: AI; linguistic phylogeny; guided self-learning; (counter)-transference; enslaved-to-machines","PeriodicalId":30243,"journal":{"name":"Signo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42965441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mass media as a factor influencing the concepts semantic field 大众媒介作为影响概念语义场的因素

Signo Pub Date : 2022-01-03 DOI: 10.17058/signo.v47i88.17383

Yuliya Krylova-Grek

{"title":"Mass media as a factor influencing the concepts semantic field","authors":"Yuliya Krylova-Grek","doi":"10.17058/signo.v47i88.17383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17058/signo.v47i88.17383","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The given study focuses on the media influence on the worldview representation determined by the audience-induced changes in the semantic field of a concept. The aim of our research is to examine the media’s effect on the core of the semantic field regarding the concept of conflict and single out the methods employed by a journalist to alter the semantic field of concepts and influence the audience’s worldview. Lev Vygotsky’s cultural-historical theory, Marshall McLuhan’s media theory, and Lasswell’s theoretical foundations on the potentiality of media to influence the audience’s preferences are theoretical foundations for researching in this area. I conducted a four-stage study to define the way media content affects change the concept meaning by analysing the multidimensional concept «conflict» as an example. I exploited free listing methods, which were refined to accomplish my goal, data collection, and analysis methods as diagnostic instruments and conducted the survey among 88 students of the State University of Telecommunication (Kyiv, Ukraine). The experimental studies showed that even after a short period of intense media impact, a tested subject admitted the significant change in his point of view on the current events. The obtained results give grounds for further quantitative research to scrutinize the media impact on the audience’s worldview.\u0000 \u0000Keywords: mass media influence; semantic field; conflict, alter the concept’s meaning; audience’s worldview","PeriodicalId":30243,"journal":{"name":"Signo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44486076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

As guerras da leitura para surdos 聋人的阅读战争

Signo Pub Date : 2022-01-03 DOI: 10.17058/signo.v47i88.17378

Marília Costa, Kátia Abreu, D. Cid

引用次数: 0

Review - Working memory: State of the Science, a Review 回顾-工作记忆:科学现状，回顾

Signo Pub Date : 2022-01-03 DOI: 10.17058/signo.v47i88.17471

Tatiana Koerich Rondon, Lêda Maria Braga Tomitch

引用次数: 0

Assessing L2 Portuguese writing: idea density and sentence complexity 评估第二语言葡萄牙语写作:思想密度和句子复杂性

Signo Pub Date : 2022-01-03 DOI: 10.17058/signo.v47i88.17384

Ângela Filipe Lopes, M. Pinto

{"title":"Assessing L2 Portuguese writing: idea density and sentence complexity","authors":"Ângela Filipe Lopes, M. Pinto","doi":"10.17058/signo.v47i88.17384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17058/signo.v47i88.17384","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Idea density and grammatical complexity were proposed as writing assessment parameters by Snowdon et al. (1996) and by Kemper et al. (2001) in the Nun Study (Snowdon 2001). The same parameters are used here to assess advanced Portuguese L2 writing in a learning context (C1/C2) in order to confirm them as valid assessment measures in a L2. Quality in writing is expected to translate into lexical precision and richness as well as sentence complexity. Results confirmed that reading has an influence on writing quality, insofar as the students who usually read are the ones who got the highest scores in both parameters. Results were nevertheless highly variable due to the heterogeneity of the group of participants. Both measures, idea density and grammatical complexity, were found to be correlated in two writing tasks, a synthesis and a writing prompt, which led to the conclusion that participants who write with lexical precision and richness also produce higher complexity sentences regardless of language and writing task variability.\u0000 \u0000Keywords: idea density; grammatical complexity; assessing writing; Portuguese L2.\u0000 \u0000Keywords: dyslexia; educational measurement; learning disabilities; validation study; psychometrics.","PeriodicalId":30243,"journal":{"name":"Signo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41701292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Applied Psycholinguistics: A Science at the crossroads of cognition and language 应用心理语言学:认知与语言交叉的一门科学

Signo Pub Date : 2022-01-03 DOI: 10.17058/signo.v47i88.17387

J. Morais

{"title":"Applied Psycholinguistics: A Science at the crossroads of cognition and language","authors":"J. Morais","doi":"10.17058/signo.v47i88.17387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17058/signo.v47i88.17387","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Applied Psycholinguistics is a science that engages many others: experimental psychology, cognitive and neurocognitive sciences, linguistics, psychology of language and literacy, and educational and remediation sciences. The present paper’s objective is to show Science is itself a changing combination of ever-changing sciences without close boundaries, which implies the necessity of crossing domains in both research and learning. After a reminder of several topics of relevance to applied psycholinguistics, which concern mental processing, how cognition relates to the brain and to language, and how cognition and language engendered literacy, I argue that research in the corresponding sciences needs to be opened to other dimensions, such as society, culture, and politics. Finally, I evoke the history of the ideas regarding the isolationism of individualized sciences vs. their unification, taking, as examples of the latter, the early Marxism, and the International Movement for the Unity of Science from the fourth decade of the 20th century.\u0000 \u0000Keywords: Applied Psycholinguistics; literacy as product of cognition and language; concept of Science; history of scientific ideas; permeability of science to culture and politics.","PeriodicalId":30243,"journal":{"name":"Signo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43665734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Experimental study on the processing of two-clause sentences 双子句加工的实验研究

Signo Pub Date : 2022-01-03 DOI: 10.17058/signo.v47i88.17399

Sara dos Santos Ribeiro

{"title":"An Experimental study on the processing of two-clause sentences","authors":"Sara dos Santos Ribeiro","doi":"10.17058/signo.v47i88.17399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17058/signo.v47i88.17399","url":null,"abstract":"Some temporal conjunctions can express a variety of meanings on a causal-temporal dimension. By inference, a when-clause may indicate a cause, an event prior in time, or even an event occurring simultaneously with the main clause event (Bever & Townsend, 1970). Using a self-paced reading experiment in the program Psyscope, we crossed the independent variables connective (when) and position (first position – Subordinate-Main – and second position – Main-Subordinate) to test if readers focus more on the main clause than on the subordinate clause and if readers use the order-of-mention strategy to interpret two-clause sentences conjoined with when establishing a causal-temporal relationship. Our results showed a significant effect of both structure and position factors. The online results showed that, in general, the main clause receives more reading times than the subordinate clause and that readers spent more time reading the main-subordinate sentences. The offline results indicate that the information about the first event is easier to recall if the when-clause is the first clause. Thus, the subordinate-main condition presented more accuracy rates. The order of mention strategy did not seem to be used during sentence reading processing, however, the accuracy rates were higher in conditions, in which the linguistic order mirrored the occurrence order. The main-subordinate order affected the ease of late comprehension, although it eased the reading processing. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":30243,"journal":{"name":"Signo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43679973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Análise de discurso de pais de crianças com cardiopatia congênita 先天性心脏病患儿父母言语分析

Signo Pub Date : 2022-01-03 DOI: 10.17058/signo.v47i88.17401

Juliana de Souza Moraes Mori

{"title":"Análise de discurso de pais de crianças com cardiopatia congênita","authors":"Juliana de Souza Moraes Mori","doi":"10.17058/signo.v47i88.17401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17058/signo.v47i88.17401","url":null,"abstract":"Sustentados pelo preceito de que a fala é atravessada pela ideologia e pelo inconsciente que causam e precedem o sujeito e preocupados com o processo de constituição do sujeito, decidimos explorar esse campo. Objetivo: intervir nos dizeres dos pais de crianças com cardiopatia congênita, analisar seus dizeres sobre sua relação com seus filhos e sua relação com a doença. Metodologia: trata-se de uma pesquisa de intervenção, desenvolvida com pais de crianças com cardiopatia congênita na cidade de São Paulo, Brasil, com o suporte do método conversacional, mecanismo psicanalítico proposta por J.-A. Miller. O pesquisador interagiu dialogicamente com os pais, gravou e transcreveu os encontros. Para a análise do material discursivo, o corpus, foi escolhido o mecanismo de leitura da Análise do Discurso de Michel Pêcheux. Resultados: os pais colocam seus filhos, no lugar de quem não pode ser autônomo, por causa da doença, tornando-lhes impossível viver nas mesmas condições que as crianças de sua idade experienciam, ainda que eles sejam liberados para as atividades pela equipe médica. Conclusão: há um excesso no relacionamento entre pais e filhos que se extravasa, promovendo a obliteração do sujeito, ou seja, mantendo essas crianças alienadas, segundo o desejo de seus pais. A impossibilidade da dissociação entre pais e filhos pode infligir perdas severas em seu processo de constituição enquanto subjetividades, dado serem tratados como se fossem crianças extremamente frágeis, o que não é o caso, impedindo-os de levar uma vida regular.","PeriodicalId":30243,"journal":{"name":"Signo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48534039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Teaching English through guided meditation 通过引导冥想教授英语

Signo Pub Date : 2022-01-03 DOI: 10.17058/signo.v47i88.17245

Lavinia Nadrag, Alina Buzarna-Tihenea (Gãlbeazã)

{"title":"Teaching English through guided meditation","authors":"Lavinia Nadrag, Alina Buzarna-Tihenea (Gãlbeazã)","doi":"10.17058/signo.v47i88.17245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17058/signo.v47i88.17245","url":null,"abstract":"In our never-ending search for the most efficient and eloquent ways of teaching English as a foreign language, we have identified “Guided meditation” as an interesting and challenging alternative approach and strategy. This paper discusses the notions of “linguistics”, “applied linguistics” and “psycholinguistics” and it tackles several teaching methods connected to guided meditation, such as “Suggestopedia” and the “Natural Approach”. It further deals with the main differences between “mindfulness”, “guided meditation” and “transcendentalism”, and then it aims at showing and explaining ways of using guided meditation practice for boosting teaching and learning English as a foreign language, mainly based on Tatiana Slama-Cazacu’s dynamic-contextual methodology (1999). The paper also designs an experiment that is going to be implemented in the first semester of the academic year 2021-2022, based on the hypothesis that the students engaged in guided meditation strategies can generate new ideas (be creative), cooperate with their colleagues, learn, reflect and think critically, improving thus their communication abilities in English. For this purpose, the research framework of the paper presents the subjects, the main research methods, the data collection instruments and the stages of the experiment (administering an initial and an achievement test, a pre-survey and a post-survey, conceiving activities, collecting work samples and the teacher’s observation notes).","PeriodicalId":30243,"journal":{"name":"Signo","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43844886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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