Swiss Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Mature oligodendrocytes in three-dimensional brain cell culture respond to protein kinase C stimulation by dedifferentiation, proliferation and remyelination.","authors":"S Pouly, J M Matthieu, P Honegger","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30134,"journal":{"name":"Swiss Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry","volume":"145 3","pages":"27-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18542507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Long-term results of diskectomy and primary spondylodesis in treatment of lumbar disk hernia].","authors":"C Bärlocher,&nbsp;A Benini","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The indication for spine fusion in combination with diskectomy it neither clearly defined nor widely accepted. It largely depends on the specialist to whom the patient is referred. While orthopedists often perform primary fusions, neurosurgeons hardly ever do so, no matter what the nature of the complaint is. Therefore, the selection of the procedure seems to be a rather random choice. The question is not whether the combined operation or the simple disc excision is superior in itself, but which of the two should be chosen in a given case. For patients with disc displacement and radicular pain as the predominant symptom, undercutting hemilaminectomy and disc excision will generally yield satisfying results. The main indication for a combined operation is a history of instability complaints long before radicular pain caused by the disc displacement appears. Since the number of patients (of all age groups) that require a disc operation is ever increasing, the selection of patients suited for a combined operation is becoming more and more important, so as to bring down the number of secondary fusions for the treatment of invalidating low back pain after disc excision. The aim of our clinical research is to test the criteria for the selection of patients for the combined operation by taking into account both patients who underwent a combined operation and others whose postoperative condition was such as to require a secondary fusion within one year after diskectomy. In the majority of these cases, one can presume that the fusion should have been carried out on the occasion of the first operation. 26 (90%) out of 29 patients showed a good result three months after the combined operation; 25 (86%) were still satisfied four years later. This confirms that patients with a long history of low back pain as a symptom of instability--in addition to the recent symptoms of the herniation--and those with a significant dislocation of one vertebral body (retrolisthesis, spondylolisthesis and pseudospondylolisthesis), too, should be examined in view of a possible combined operation. However, the combined operation is needed in no more than about three to four per cent of all diskectomies.</p>","PeriodicalId":30134,"journal":{"name":"Swiss Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry","volume":"145 5","pages":"14-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18711574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[New psychopharmacologic alternatives in treatment of schizophrenia].","authors":"C Bryois","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clozapine, risperidone and remoxipride are three neuroleptics that represent an interesting alternative in the psychopharmacological treatment of schizophrenia. Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, efficacy, dosages as well as the indication of these three substances are studied. In certain particular situations, a complementary treatment is of important therapeutic use, the addition of benzodiazepines, lithium, carbamazepine or beta-blockers are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":30134,"journal":{"name":"Swiss Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry","volume":"145 6","pages":"19-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18539535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Alcoholism: from the molecular to public health].","authors":"J Besson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current knowledge on the interactions between alcohol and the central nervous system moves very quickly. Moreover the scientific advances follow the three axes of our understanding, biological, psychological and sociological, but this implies some dispersion. The present paper focuses on recent advances in neurobiology of alcoholism and shows new perspectives in pharmacological interventions, with new drugs. In the same time, the psychodynamic and systemic understandings are evoked, in a purpose of integration and of public health policy.</p>","PeriodicalId":30134,"journal":{"name":"Swiss Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry","volume":"145 6","pages":"29-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18539537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Visions for the development of gerontopsychiatry].","authors":"A Erlanger","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30134,"journal":{"name":"Swiss Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry","volume":"145 4","pages":"39-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18541954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Segmental pruritus and intramedullary vascular malformation.","authors":"P Vuadens,&nbsp;F Regli,&nbsp;M Dolivo,&nbsp;A Uske","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pruritus remains a medical mystery. Generally related with dermatological diseases, it is rarely associated with a neurological cause. We report a case of segmental pruritus (right T2 dermatome) related to an intramedullary vascular malformation. An anatomicophysiological explanation is presented. It is the first demonstration in man that pain receptors are not involved in pruritus, and suggests pruritus is under the control of descending inhibitory pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":30134,"journal":{"name":"Swiss Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry","volume":"145 3","pages":"13-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18542500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myelin proteolipid protein mutation in the rabbit: a new model of Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease.","authors":"M Tosic,&nbsp;M Dolivo,&nbsp;K Domanska-Janik,&nbsp;J M Matthieu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Proteolipid protein (PLP) is a major myelin protein of the central nervous system. Mutations of the Plp gene are responsible for a number of sex-linked disorders in humans (Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease) and in animals. We have identified a novel mutation of the Plp gene which gives rise to the paralytic tremor (pt) phenotype in rabbit. Pt rabbits are hypomyelinated and present very low levels of PLP protein and its mRNA. Sequence analysis revealed a single nucleotide change in exon 2 which results in the substitution of a histidine by a glutamine at position 36. Histidine36 is positioned at the boundary of the first transmembrane domain. Therefore, its position can be crucial for the efficient interaction of PLP with other proteins and lipids, and for correct incorporation into the membrane.</p>","PeriodicalId":30134,"journal":{"name":"Swiss Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry","volume":"145 3","pages":"24-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18542506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Personal reaction and understanding in interactions with the psychotic patient].","authors":"M Schmidt-Degenhard","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The understanding of the psychotic individual is represented as a reciprocal process between patient and doctor, which is founded on emotional assumption; concerning also the psychiatrist's self-experience. Psychodynamic and phenomenological aspects of this interpersonal process are demonstrated.</p>","PeriodicalId":30134,"journal":{"name":"Swiss Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry","volume":"145 6","pages":"25-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18539536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The new role of psychiatry in the management of mentally retarded patients].","authors":"H D Brenner,&nbsp;M Merlo,&nbsp;R Genner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The areas of remedial education and special education have profoundly changed the psychiatric care of mentally retarded persons. Desinstitutionalisation, normalisation and integration are widely recognised concepts today and have since gained relatively substantial empirical support. Definition of these concepts has been broadened to include consideration of the optimal management of environmental conditions as an integral part of the comprehensive living environment. The systemic-ecological approach dislodges psychiatry from its central position in the treatment of the mentally ill retarded, and invests a greater degree of trust in remedial educations and special education. Effective treatment thus involves a joint effort on the part of various mental health professionals working towards a common goal, grounded on the coexistence of mental retardation and mental illness. Psychotherapy should be devised so as to address cognitive deficits no longer considered to be contraindicative to the therapy process. The purpose of pharmacotherapy is to finetune psychotropic medication with pedagogical, psychoeducational and psychotherapeutic methods. Although community-based mental health delivery systems and comprehensive (institutional based) services both show promise for the care and treatment of mentally retarded persons there is evidence for the particular viability of the latter model due to prevailing present conditions and to the aspect of cost effectiveness, particularly due to its utility in promoting still acquisition relevant to workers in this field of mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":30134,"journal":{"name":"Swiss Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry","volume":"145 4","pages":"26-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18540946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Canine distemper virus and myelin mRNAs in oligodendrocytes.","authors":"A Zurbriggen,&nbsp;C Müller,&nbsp;H U Graber,&nbsp;M Vandevelde","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30134,"journal":{"name":"Swiss Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry","volume":"145 3","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18542502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}