Journal of Life and Bio Sciences Research最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of Physicochemical and Microbiological Qualities of Potable Water Sources in Okorenkoko, Delta State Nigeria","authors":"A. E. I., Bariweni A. P., Idome J. E., Onyena A. P.","doi":"10.38094/jlbsr40198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38094/jlbsr40198","url":null,"abstract":"Accessibility of Potable water in rural and riverine communities have reduced drastically in recent times. A total of six borehole water samples and a freshwater sample were obtained from Okerenkoko community in Delta State, Nigeria. The water samples were analyzed for physicochemical and microbiological parameters using standard procedures. Pearson correlational analysis was employed to evaluate the level of association of the data using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23. Our results showed that pH concentration values ranged from 5.62 to 7.81, electrical conductivity had 10.03 to 490.01 µS/cm, dissolved oxygen varied from 3.90 to 7.91 mg/L, COD had 10.01 to 50.03 mg/L. The fecal coliform count ranged from 4- 2400 MPN/ml, while the surface water had a fecal coliform count 2400 MPN/ml;  fungal count 3.1 Log10CFU/ml and 3.6 Log10CFU/ml respectively, Total aerobic count had a maximal concentration value of 5.8 Log10CFU/ml and 5.4 Log10CFU/ml; Total Salmonella Shigella Count it had a concentration of 4.0 Log10CFU/ml. Microbes associated with the water samples were Bacillus sp., Escherichia sp., Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus sp., Shigella sp., Proteus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Klebsiella sp., Vibrio sp.  and Micrococcus sp. There is an urgent need to source-track the trajectory of pollutants from both from domestic and industrial activities. There is need that the government at all levels should improve the available potable water resources in Okerenkoko community.","PeriodicalId":300980,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Life and Bio Sciences Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131982784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial and Physicochemical Evaluation of Water Sourced from the Diobu Neighborhood Water Scheme, Port Harcourt, Nigeria","authors":"C. Amadi-Ikpa, V. Awari","doi":"10.38094/jlbsr40194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38094/jlbsr40194","url":null,"abstract":"The microbial and physicochemical evaluation of water sourced from the Diobu Neighbourhood Water Scheme (DNWS) in Port Harcourt, Nigeria was investigated due to some skepticism by households in the area concerning the water. Inhabitants disinfect their sourced drinking water using chemical agents as well as other crude measures to control microbes. Sixty water samples were collected from two household groups; household group 1- 4 and 5-8 persons (each group had 30 samples each) and analyzed for physiochemical and microbial property using standard laboratory procedure. Heterotrophic bacteria, total coliform, fecal coliform and heterotrophic fungi had mean ± standard deviation counts of 219.5 ± 6.0 x 103, 29 ± 1.0 x 101, 21 ± 3.0 x 101 and 105 ± 3.0 x 102CFU/ml for household group size 1- 4 persons respectively, while household size group 5-8 persons had mean ± standard deviation counts of 890 ± 1.0 x 103, 55 ± 3.0 x 101, 24 ± 8.0 x 101 and 81 ± 2.0 x 102 CFU/ml  for heterotrophic bacteria, total coliform, fecal coliform and heterotrophic fungi respectively. The water samples obtained from the household size from 1-4 persons had temperature that ranged from 28 to 30.50C while the water samples from homes with household size of 5-8 had temperature range from 26 to 300C. The physiochemical result reported no dissolve or suspended solid and turbidity. The hydrogen ion concentrations (pH) of water samples obtained from household size group 1-4 persons was 5.0 while that of the water samples in household size group 5-8 persons ranged from 5.0 and 6.0. There was no chlorine, bromine, magnesium and calcium elements in the water samples obtained from the homes’ water samples. Thus, drinking water from household size group 5-8 were more laden with microbes of medical importance. However, physico-chemical examination showed acceptability despite the alleged interference of chemical.","PeriodicalId":300980,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Life and Bio Sciences Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122650878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial Quality of Sliced and Packaged Fruits in Polyethylene Sold in Port Harcourt Rivers State, South-South Nigeria","authors":"N. Omorodion, Soniabari Nwiyege","doi":"10.38094/jlbsr40197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38094/jlbsr40197","url":null,"abstract":"Fresh fruits promote good health but harbor a wide range of microbial contaminants. This study assessed the microbial quality of fruits and safety of Polyethylene packed sliced fruits sold in Port-Harcourt markets. 36 samples of freshly cut fruit comprising of Pawpaw (Carica papaya), Pineapple (Ananas comosus) and Water Melon (Citrullus lanatus) were randomly collected from different sellers within Port Harcourt metropolis. Samples were analyzed using standard microbiological methods. Mean Total viable count ranged from Log10cfu/g5.85 – 6.34, mean Total Fungi Count Log10cfu/g 3.23– 3.85. Nine bacteria were identified. Staphylococcus aureus (27.4%) was the most frequently isolated followed by Shigella spp (19.4%), Escherichia coli (16.1%), Bacillus spp(14.5%), Aeromonas Sp(8%), Enterobacter sp(4%),  Klebsiella spp and Salmonella spp (4.8%) respectively. Samples of Pawpaw had high microbial contamination when compared to other fruit samples. The study comes to the conclusion that consumers' awareness of the risks of eating packed sliced fruits should be increased, and that they should once again insist on properly processed/packaged sliced fruits.","PeriodicalId":300980,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Life and Bio Sciences Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124054375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A short review about chronic myeloid leukemia","authors":"A. Al-bayati, Ayoub Al-bayti, V. Husain","doi":"10.38094/jlbsr40172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38094/jlbsr40172","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) develops as a result of a clonal process in a pluripotent stem cell. Anemia, granulocytosis, basophilia, thrombocytosis and splenomegaly are some of the symptoms of the condition. According to clinical findings, the illness progresses through three stages, each of which is identified by a rise in number of the blast cells in peripheral blood or bone marrow: chronic (10%), accelerated (10-19%) and acute leukemia-like blast crisis (20%).  Most CML cases could be preliminary diagnosed by the presence of splenomegaly in addition to mutation in the BCR-ABL gene as well as complete blood count (CBC) test. Moreover, a bone marrow biopsy can provide a major confirmation of the disease process and staging. Definitive diagnosis of the disease can be either achieved through fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or polymerase chain reaction PCR technique.","PeriodicalId":300980,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Life and Bio Sciences Research","volume":"236 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134220290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat Exposure and Oxidative DNA Damage Among Bakery Workers in Duhok Province, Iraq","authors":"R. Kheder, A. Al-Dosky","doi":"10.38094/jlbsr40181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38094/jlbsr40181","url":null,"abstract":"Background and rationales: There are not much researches on the effects of heat exposure, specifically on oxidative DNA damage, among bakery employees.  Physical labor-intensive baking exposes bakers to high temperatures, especially in traditional bakeries with uncovered ovens. An electronic heat measuring device index and serum 8-hydroxy-2-deoxy guanosine(8-OHdG) will be utilized in this study to quantify oxidative DNA damage and heat stress, respectively. The impact of heat exposure on oxidative DNA damage in the Duhok populace has not yet been studied in the literature. This study aimed to measure the impact of heat exposure on serum levels of oxidative DNA damage in bakers who work in high-temperature bakeries. Method: A case control study was carried out among 141 participants, 62 individuals exposed to heat (bakery workers) and 79 individuals unexposed to heat exposure as control group. 8-hydroxy 2-deoxy guanosine (8-OHdG) has been analyzed using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: The mean ±SD of 8-OHdG in bakery workers (13.78 ±5.89 ng/ml) were higher than those in healthy control individuals (1.55 ±0.75 ng/ml) with a statistically significantly differences (p<0.0001). Conclusion: High mean levels of 8-OHdG was found in exposed individuals (bakery workers) in comparison with control individuals unexposed to heat, suggesting that high-heat exposures have the risk of causing genetic effects and DNA damage.","PeriodicalId":300980,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Life and Bio Sciences Research","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133706704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxidative DNA Damage in Relation to the Severity of COVID-19 Infection in Duhok City, Kurdistan Region- Iraq","authors":"Ava Saeed, H. Najeeb","doi":"10.38094/jlbsr40178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38094/jlbsr40178","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly spread across the globe since its outbreak in Wuhan, China, in 2019. Clinical evidence suggests higher oxidative stress in COVID-19 patients, and this worsening redox status which may contribute to disease progression. The present study aimed to investigate the oxidative Deoxyribonucleic acid damage in patients with mild and severe COVID-19 infection and to evaluate its relationship to the disease progression and severity. A case-control study was conducted from September 2021 to January 2022 in Duhok city, Kurdistan Region-Iraq. 180 individuals have participated. Among 88 COVID-19 cases, 92 healthy volunteers as the control group, with ages ranging (18-45) years. Patients were divided into two groups according to the severity of infection (mild cases, severe cases). Serum level of 8-OHdG and malondialdehyde (MDA) were assessed as oxidative stress biomarkers. Serum levels of 8-OHdG were considerably higher in patients with COVID-19 infection in comparison to the control group, (p<0.01). The further statistical analysis has revealed a significantly higher 8-OHdG in blood in female cases with severe COVID-19 infection compared cases with a mild infection, (p<0.01). Serum MDA levels in severe cases were higher, statistically significant when compared with the control group (p=0.007). Severe cases had higher level of MDA than in mild case, in male cases (p<0.05) in female cases (p<0.0001).  The current data suggest that patients who were infected severely with COVID-19 are under huge oxidative stress attack. Analysis of data shows that severe cases of COVID-19 infection had significantly greater level of serum 8-OHdG than in healthy control subjects.","PeriodicalId":300980,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Life and Bio Sciences Research","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122743006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Fructosamine 3-kinase in Type 2 Diabetic Patients and Its Relation to Some Biochemical Variables","authors":"Tamara E Abdulrahman, Rafad Mohammed","doi":"10.38094/jlbsr40187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38094/jlbsr40187","url":null,"abstract":"It took over 30 years for first description of the synthesis of fructosamines and this was conducted through non-enzymatic protein-glucose reactions (also known as glycation). Fructosamines in mammalian cells has not been known until recently. It transforms spontaneously into advanced glycation end products. The discovery of fructosamine 3-kinase, which is a novel enzyme, in human reveals the existence of a previously unknown intracellular metabolism of these substances. Protein-bound fructosamines are phosphorylated by fructosamine 3-kinase with high affinity on a third carbon atom of the deoxyfructose moiety and this results in fructosamine 3-phosphates. These later substances are unstable and spontaneously break down into inorganic phosphate and 3-deoxyglucosone, regenerating the unglycated amine in the process. The fact that many prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes contain proteins connected to fructosamine 3-kinase shows that this 'deglycation' process is not exclusive to mammals. The current study aims at determining the normal values of fructoseamine 3-kinase enzyme in the control group as well as in the group of patients with type II diabetes (the experimental group). The relationship of enzyme  activity with some biochemical variables was also studied in patients with type 2 diabetes, due to the association of these variables with high blood sugar, as shown by previous studies. The Research dealt with the investigation of Fructosamine 3-Kinase activity and some biochemical variables for (136) Type 2 diabetes patients. The results indicated that there was a significant increase in Fructosamine 3-Kinase activity in type 2 diabetes patients (253 ng/l) in comparison to the control group. The normal value of enzyme in the control group was (181ng/l) and the activity of the enzyme in control group individuals was not affected by age and sex. The research also showed a significant decrease in the level of iron, zinc, chromium and sodium as well as a significant increase in the potassium level in patients with type 2 diabetes compared to the control group individuals. Additionally, the research predicted that there is a significant decrease in the levels of vitamins C and E. Also, it was shown that there was a significant increase in malondialdehyde level and a myeloperoxidase activity in type 2 diabetes patients. Activity of FN3K increased in type 2 diabetes compared to the control group individuals. It was noted that the activity of FN3K in the control group was not affected by age or sex.","PeriodicalId":300980,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Life and Bio Sciences Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122249444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary Functions and Respiratory Symptoms of Wheat Flour Mill Workers in The Duhok District","authors":"M. Abdulrahman, Ismail Murad","doi":"10.38094/jlbsr30276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38094/jlbsr30276","url":null,"abstract":"Exposure to flour dust in flour mill factories may cause diverse lung diseases with different severity of symptoms ranging from simple irritation to allergic rhinitis or occupational asthma; long-term exposure to flour dust can cause chronic lung problems. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of exposure to flour dust on the respiratory system and pulmonary function of wheat flour mill workers in the Duhok district. A cross-sectional study was performed among 63 workers who had direct contact with wheat flour mills. The data were collected using a well-structured questionnaire, anthropometric measurements, and digital spirometry. The workers’ mean age ± (SD) was 29.79 ± 10.60 years. The current study showed the predicted Forced vital capacity (FVC) mean ± (SD) 105.34 L (±) 25.96 L, and the predicted Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) mean ± (SD) 97.90 L (±) 18.65 L, and the predicted FEV1/FVC mean ± (SD) 95.82 L (±) 17.61 L. About 43(68.3%) of workers were normal,10(15.9%) had mild pulmonary obstruction followed by moderate restriction, 5(7.9%), and 3(4.8%) had mild pulmonary restriction. The mild obstructive disorder is more among normal Body Mass Index (BMI) persons, while restrictive disorders are more among overweight workers. This study showed no significant statistical association between PFTs and respiratory symptoms (sneezing, rhinorrhea, change of voice, dyspnea and cough), BMI, and the duration of working in the wheat flour mills.","PeriodicalId":300980,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Life and Bio Sciences Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131079540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Serum Podocalyxin as a Biomarker for Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes patients in Duhok City","authors":"Zheen Khalid, Ardawan F. Ali","doi":"10.38094/jlbsr30275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38094/jlbsr30275","url":null,"abstract":"Podocalyxin, a glycosylated cell surface sialomucin of the CD34 family, is a kidney podocyte membrane negatively charged protein and the essential constituent of the glomerular basement membrane charge barrier. Additionally, it has a crucial role in maintaining the glomerular filtration barrier permeability. It has been considered that one of the most important factors in diabetic nephropathy is podocyte injury. In the natural history of diabetic nephropathy and macrovascular complications, podocytes have been shown to be structurally and functionally affected. The current study aimed to determine serum podocalyxin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to analyse its relation to glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria. This cross-sectional study was performed at the diabetic center in Azadi Teaching Hospital and Golan Hospital in Dohuk city from September 2021 to March 2022. Consecutive sampling was applied to select 200 subjects (case group) with T2DM aged 30-65 years and 93 healthy subjects (control group). BMI, eGFR, albuminuria, HbA1c, and serum podocalyxin levels were measured for all study subjects. Serum podocalyxin levels were significantly higher in the case group (P =0.019). There was no significant difference in serum podocalyxin levels between case groups (normoalbuminuria, microalbuminuria, and macroalbuminuria). A significant negative correlation between eGFR and serum podocalyxin was found in both control and case group (P =0.010 r =-0.267, P =0.030 r =-0.154, respectively). Although S.PCX levels had a significant difference between the case and control group and a significant negative correlation with eGFR, it may not be considered as a diabetic nephropathy biomarker.","PeriodicalId":300980,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Life and Bio Sciences Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128202529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Irisin In Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Prediabetes in Duhok City","authors":"Ibrahim K Ibrahim, S. Salih","doi":"10.38094/jlbsr30277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38094/jlbsr30277","url":null,"abstract":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia, with either lack of insulin secretion or decreased sensitivity to insulin metabolic effects. Prediabetes is an intermediate stage between normal glucose metabolism and diabetes mellitus with high prevalence rate of diabetes mellitus developments. We aimed in this study to evaluate serum irisin level among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and individuals with prediabetes. A cross-sectional study was done on 214 participants, who were attend to the Azadi Teaching Hospital, Diabetic unit at Duhok city between October 2021 and April 2022. The participants were classified to three groups; 94 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, 60 prediabetic individuals and 60 apparently healthy control. We collected blood samples in the morning after overnight fasting from all participants. All parameters were measured by cobas 6000 (Hitachi, Roche) and including glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and blood HbA1c% except serum irisin that was measured by ELISA instrument. Serum irisin levels was lower in type 2 diabetic patients and prediabetic individuals compared to healthy control (P<0.001). There was a negative relation between serum irisin and total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, poor glycemic control and atherogenic indices, with positive relation of serum irisin with high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol -c. We found lower level of circulating serum irisin in type 2 diabetic patients and prediabetic individuals compared to healthy controls.","PeriodicalId":300980,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Life and Bio Sciences Research","volume":"347 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124284374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}